{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:2016-07-20:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2016-07-20","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2016-07-20","date_display":"July 20, 2016 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":7,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457589.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869124.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":93.1826,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":273.3874,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":180.2048,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.2048},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":273.3874,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.7207},"yoga":{"number":1,"name":"Viṣkambha","sum_longitude":6.57},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":30,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2016,"month":7,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457589.770833,"ahargana":1869124.2708,"kali_year":5118,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0842,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":93.68535600000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":274.59075600000006,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.5161},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":211.44985599999995,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":107.41755599999999,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":145.27115600000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":105.315156,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":225.97335599999997,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":144.8013,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":324.8013,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":7,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457589.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869124.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":93.1826,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":273.3874,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":180.2048,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.2048},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":273.3874,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.7207},"yoga":{"number":1,"name":"Viṣkambha","sum_longitude":6.57},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":30,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.516,"elongation":179.795},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.516,"opposition_distance":0.205}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:19","sunsetLocal":"18:49","solarNoonLocal":"12:04","dayLengthHours":13.499661151918922,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 29 Mins 59 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 30 Mins 01 Secs","moonriseLocal":"18:46","moonsetLocal":"05:30","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:04","end":"13:45","startHours":12.068310353585957,"endHours":13.755767997575823,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:00","end":"08:42","startHours":7.005937421616362,"endHours":8.693395065606227,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:23","end":"12:04","startHours":10.380852709596091,"endHours":12.068310353585957,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:28","end":"08:55","startHours":8.468400713074246,"endHours":8.918389418138208,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:53","end":"06:14","startHours":5.880965658956452,"endHours":6.240956623007623,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:37","end":"12:31","startHours":11.618321648521993,"endHours":12.518299058649921,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:31","end":"04:25","startHours":3.5185249573706403,"endHours":4.418502367498569,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:12","end":"05:19","startHours":4.193508014966587,"endHours":5.3184797776264965,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:19","end":"15:13","startHours":14.318253878905777,"endHours":15.218231289033705,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:37","end":"19:01","startHours":18.61814092954542,"endHours":19.018140929545417,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:49","end":"19:23","startHours":18.818140929545418,"endHours":19.380626810875373,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:34","end":"20:19","startHours":18.568140929545418,"endHours":20.318140929545418,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:37","end":"00:31","startHours":23.61832164852199,"endHours":24.518299058649923,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"05:19","end":"07:00","startHours":5.3184797776264965,"endHours":7.005937421616362,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:00","end":"08:42","startHours":7.005937421616362,"endHours":8.693395065606227,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:42","end":"10:23","startHours":8.693395065606227,"endHours":10.380852709596091,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:23","end":"12:04","startHours":10.380852709596091,"endHours":12.068310353585957,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:04","end":"13:45","startHours":12.068310353585957,"endHours":13.755767997575823,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:45","end":"15:27","startHours":13.755767997575823,"endHours":15.443225641565688,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:27","end":"17:08","startHours":15.443225641565688,"endHours":17.130683285555552,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"17:08","end":"18:49","startHours":17.130683285555552,"endHours":18.818140929545418,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:49","end":"20:08","startHours":18.818140929545418,"endHours":20.130683285555552,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:08","end":"21:27","startHours":20.130683285555552,"endHours":21.44322564156569,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:27","end":"22:45","startHours":21.44322564156569,"endHours":22.755767997575823,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:45","end":"00:04","startHours":22.755767997575823,"endHours":24.068310353585957,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:04","end":"01:23","startHours":24.068310353585957,"endHours":25.38085270959609,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:23","end":"02:42","startHours":25.38085270959609,"endHours":26.693395065606225,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:42","end":"04:00","startHours":26.693395065606225,"endHours":28.005937421616363,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:00","end":"05:19","startHours":28.005937421616363,"endHours":29.318479777626496,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:19","end":"06:19","startHours":5.3184797776264965,"endHours":6.3184797776264965,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:19","end":"07:19","startHours":6.3184797776264965,"endHours":7.3184797776264965,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:19","end":"08:19","startHours":7.3184797776264965,"endHours":8.318479777626496,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:19","end":"09:19","startHours":8.318479777626496,"endHours":9.318479777626496,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:19","end":"10:19","startHours":9.318479777626496,"endHours":10.318479777626496,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:19","end":"11:19","startHours":10.318479777626496,"endHours":11.318479777626496,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:19","end":"12:19","startHours":11.318479777626496,"endHours":12.318479777626496,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:19","end":"13:19","startHours":12.318479777626496,"endHours":13.318479777626496,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:19","end":"14:19","startHours":13.318479777626496,"endHours":14.318479777626496,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:19","end":"15:19","startHours":14.318479777626496,"endHours":15.318479777626496,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:19","end":"16:19","startHours":15.318479777626496,"endHours":16.318479777626496,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:19","end":"17:19","startHours":16.318479777626496,"endHours":17.318479777626496,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:19","end":"18:19","startHours":17.318479777626496,"endHours":18.318479777626496,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:19","end":"19:19","startHours":18.318479777626496,"endHours":19.318479777626496,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:19","end":"20:19","startHours":19.318479777626496,"endHours":20.318479777626496,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:19","end":"21:19","startHours":20.318479777626496,"endHours":21.318479777626496,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:19","end":"22:19","startHours":21.318479777626496,"endHours":22.318479777626496,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:19","end":"23:19","startHours":22.318479777626496,"endHours":23.318479777626496,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:19","end":"00:19","startHours":23.318479777626496,"endHours":24.318479777626496,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:19","end":"01:19","startHours":24.318479777626496,"endHours":25.318479777626496,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:19","end":"02:19","startHours":25.318479777626496,"endHours":26.318479777626496,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:19","end":"03:19","startHours":26.318479777626496,"endHours":27.318479777626496,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:19","end":"04:19","startHours":27.318479777626496,"endHours":28.318479777626496,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:19","end":"05:19","startHours":28.318479777626496,"endHours":29.318479777626496,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Saumya","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":20.605107031937457,"eotMinutes":-5.99422121515736,"ayanamsa":24.0842}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2073,"vikram_samvatsara":"Saumya","saka_samvat":1938,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","bengali_samvat":1423,"malayalam_era":1192,"nanakshahi_year":547,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pratipada · Vikram 2073 Saumya · Śaka 1938 Durmukhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 20, 2016 CE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 20, 2016 CE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Kṛṣṇa Pratipada, sūryodaya 05:19, sūryāsta 18:49.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2016-07-20","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2016-07-20","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2016-07-20","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2016-07-20","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2016-07-20"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T14:45:04.720Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T14:45:04.720Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T14:45:04.720Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}