{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:2013-02-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2013-02-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2013-02-01","date_display":"February 1, 2013 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":2,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456324.770833,"kali_year":5114,"ahargana":1867859.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":288.2865,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":167.482,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":239.1955,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.1955},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":3,"moon_longitude":167.482,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.482},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":95.7685},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2013,"month":2,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456324.770833,"ahargana":1867859.2708,"kali_year":5114,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0358,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":288.29918799999996,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":166.192188,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.1437},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":304.999688,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":297.784588,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":41.879887999999994,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":274.45688800000005,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":196.95518800000002,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":211.8271,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":31.8271,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":2,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456324.770833,"kali_year":5114,"ahargana":1867859.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":288.2865,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":167.482,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":239.1955,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.1955},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":3,"moon_longitude":167.482,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.482},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":95.7685},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.144,"elongation":120.805},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.144,"opposition_distance":59.195}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:41","sunsetLocal":"17:42","solarNoonLocal":"12:12","dayLengthHours":11.01411219166657,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 00 Mins 51 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 59 Mins 09 Secs","moonriseLocal":"22:08","moonsetLocal":"09:58","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:49","end":"12:12","startHours":10.81979844466494,"endHours":12.19656246862326,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:57","end":"16:20","startHours":14.950090516539902,"endHours":16.326854540498225,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:04","end":"09:27","startHours":8.066270396748298,"endHours":9.443034420706617,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:16","end":"09:38","startHours":9.25946588417884,"endHours":9.626602957234393,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:09","end":"07:27","startHours":7.148427714109416,"endHours":7.442137372553858,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:50","end":"12:34","startHours":11.829425395567707,"endHours":12.563699541678812,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:13","end":"05:57","startHours":5.220958080567766,"endHours":5.955232226678871,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:46","end":"06:41","startHours":5.771663690151095,"endHours":6.6895063727899755,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:02","end":"14:46","startHours":14.032247833901021,"endHours":14.766521980012126,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:30","end":"17:54","startHours":17.503618564456545,"endHours":17.903618564456544,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:42","end":"18:10","startHours":17.703618564456544,"endHours":18.162539905775986,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:27","end":"19:12","startHours":17.453618564456544,"endHours":19.203618564456544,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:50","end":"00:34","startHours":23.829425395567707,"endHours":24.56369954167881,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"06:41","end":"08:04","startHours":6.6895063727899755,"endHours":8.066270396748298,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:04","end":"09:27","startHours":8.066270396748298,"endHours":9.443034420706617,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:27","end":"10:49","startHours":9.443034420706617,"endHours":10.81979844466494,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:49","end":"12:12","startHours":10.81979844466494,"endHours":12.19656246862326,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:12","end":"13:34","startHours":12.19656246862326,"endHours":13.573326492581582,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:34","end":"14:57","startHours":13.573326492581582,"endHours":14.950090516539902,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:57","end":"16:20","startHours":14.950090516539902,"endHours":16.326854540498225,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:20","end":"17:42","startHours":16.326854540498225,"endHours":17.703618564456544,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"17:42","end":"19:20","startHours":17.703618564456544,"endHours":19.326854540498225,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:20","end":"20:57","startHours":19.326854540498225,"endHours":20.950090516539902,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:57","end":"22:34","startHours":20.950090516539902,"endHours":22.57332649258158,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:34","end":"00:12","startHours":22.57332649258158,"endHours":24.19656246862326,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:12","end":"01:49","startHours":24.19656246862326,"endHours":25.81979844466494,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:49","end":"03:27","startHours":25.81979844466494,"endHours":27.443034420706617,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:27","end":"05:04","startHours":27.443034420706617,"endHours":29.066270396748294,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"05:04","end":"06:41","startHours":29.066270396748294,"endHours":30.689506372789975,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:41","end":"07:41","startHours":6.6895063727899755,"endHours":7.6895063727899755,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:41","end":"08:41","startHours":7.6895063727899755,"endHours":8.689506372789975,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:41","end":"09:41","startHours":8.689506372789975,"endHours":9.689506372789975,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:41","end":"10:41","startHours":9.689506372789975,"endHours":10.689506372789975,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:41","end":"11:41","startHours":10.689506372789975,"endHours":11.689506372789975,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:41","end":"12:41","startHours":11.689506372789975,"endHours":12.689506372789975,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:41","end":"13:41","startHours":12.689506372789975,"endHours":13.689506372789975,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:41","end":"14:41","startHours":13.689506372789975,"endHours":14.689506372789975,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:41","end":"15:41","startHours":14.689506372789975,"endHours":15.689506372789975,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:41","end":"16:41","startHours":15.689506372789975,"endHours":16.689506372789975,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:41","end":"17:41","startHours":16.689506372789975,"endHours":17.689506372789975,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:41","end":"18:41","startHours":17.689506372789975,"endHours":18.689506372789975,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:41","end":"19:41","startHours":18.689506372789975,"endHours":19.689506372789975,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:41","end":"20:41","startHours":19.689506372789975,"endHours":20.689506372789975,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:41","end":"21:41","startHours":20.689506372789975,"endHours":21.689506372789975,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:41","end":"22:41","startHours":21.689506372789975,"endHours":22.689506372789975,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:41","end":"23:41","startHours":22.689506372789975,"endHours":23.689506372789975,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:41","end":"00:41","startHours":23.689506372789975,"endHours":24.689506372789975,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:41","end":"01:41","startHours":24.689506372789975,"endHours":25.689506372789975,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:41","end":"02:41","startHours":25.689506372789975,"endHours":26.689506372789975,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:41","end":"03:41","startHours":26.689506372789975,"endHours":27.689506372789975,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:41","end":"04:41","startHours":27.689506372789975,"endHours":28.689506372789975,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:41","end":"05:41","startHours":28.689506372789975,"endHours":29.689506372789975,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:41","end":"06:41","startHours":29.689506372789975,"endHours":30.689506372789975,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Saumya","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-17.09828891506059,"eotMinutes":-13.689348117395623,"ayanamsa":24.0358}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2070,"vikram_samvatsara":"Parābhava","saka_samvat":1935,"saka_samvatsara":"Vijaya","bengali_samvat":1420,"malayalam_era":1189,"nanakshahi_year":544,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī · Vikram 2070 Parābhava · Śaka 1935 Vijaya"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga February 1, 2013 CE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"February 1, 2013 CE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī, sūryodaya 06:41, sūryāsta 17:42.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2013-02-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2013-02-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2013-02-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2013-02-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2013-02-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T15:46:42.344Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T15:46:42.345Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T15:46:42.345Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}