{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:2013-01-23:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2013-01-23","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2013-01-23","date_display":"January 23, 2013 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":1,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456315.770833,"kali_year":5114,"ahargana":1867850.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":279.076,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":51.3709,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":132.2948,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.2948},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":51.3709,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.3709},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":330.4469},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":22,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2013,"month":1,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456315.770833,"ahargana":1867850.2708,"kali_year":5114,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0355,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":279.1542320000001,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":53.062832000000014,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.4687},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":297.88903200000004,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":282.141432,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":41.973832000000016,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":263.18163200000004,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":196.61083200000007,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":212.3039,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":32.3039,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":1,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456315.770833,"kali_year":5114,"ahargana":1867850.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":279.076,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":51.3709,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":132.2948,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.2948},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":51.3709,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.3709},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":330.4469},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":22,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.469,"elongation":132.295},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.469,"opposition_distance":47.705}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:44","sunsetLocal":"17:35","solarNoonLocal":"12:10","dayLengthHours":10.850305177155668,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 51 Mins 01 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 08 Mins 59 Secs","moonriseLocal":"14:17","moonsetLocal":"03:54","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:10","end":"13:31","startHours":12.165159959668628,"endHours":13.521448106813088,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:06","end":"09:27","startHours":8.096295518235253,"endHours":9.452583665379713,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:49","end":"12:10","startHours":10.80887181252417,"endHours":12.165159959668628,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:16","end":"09:38","startHours":9.271745245760451,"endHours":9.633422084998973,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:12","end":"07:29","startHours":7.192103420138948,"endHours":7.481444891529766,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:48","end":"12:32","startHours":11.803483120430107,"endHours":12.52683679890715,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:18","end":"06:01","startHours":5.2933000141367055,"endHours":6.01665369261375,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:50","end":"06:44","startHours":5.835815272994489,"endHours":6.740007371090795,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:58","end":"14:42","startHours":13.97354415586124,"endHours":14.696897834338285,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:23","end":"17:47","startHours":17.390312548246463,"endHours":17.79031254824646,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:35","end":"18:03","startHours":17.590312548246462,"endHours":18.042408597294614,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:20","end":"19:05","startHours":17.340312548246462,"endHours":19.090312548246462,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:48","end":"00:32","startHours":23.803483120430105,"endHours":24.52683679890715,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:44","end":"08:06","startHours":6.740007371090795,"endHours":8.096295518235253,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:06","end":"09:27","startHours":8.096295518235253,"endHours":9.452583665379713,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:27","end":"10:49","startHours":9.452583665379713,"endHours":10.80887181252417,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:49","end":"12:10","startHours":10.80887181252417,"endHours":12.165159959668628,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:10","end":"13:31","startHours":12.165159959668628,"endHours":13.521448106813088,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:31","end":"14:53","startHours":13.521448106813088,"endHours":14.877736253957547,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:53","end":"16:14","startHours":14.877736253957547,"endHours":16.234024401102005,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:14","end":"17:35","startHours":16.234024401102005,"endHours":17.590312548246462,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:35","end":"19:14","startHours":17.590312548246462,"endHours":19.234024401102005,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:14","end":"20:53","startHours":19.234024401102005,"endHours":20.877736253957544,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:53","end":"22:31","startHours":20.877736253957544,"endHours":22.521448106813086,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:31","end":"00:10","startHours":22.521448106813086,"endHours":24.165159959668628,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:10","end":"01:49","startHours":24.165159959668628,"endHours":25.80887181252417,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:49","end":"03:27","startHours":25.80887181252417,"endHours":27.452583665379713,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:27","end":"05:06","startHours":27.452583665379713,"endHours":29.09629551823525,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:06","end":"06:44","startHours":29.09629551823525,"endHours":30.740007371090794,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:44","end":"07:44","startHours":6.740007371090795,"endHours":7.740007371090795,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:44","end":"08:44","startHours":7.740007371090795,"endHours":8.740007371090794,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:44","end":"09:44","startHours":8.740007371090794,"endHours":9.740007371090794,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:44","end":"10:44","startHours":9.740007371090794,"endHours":10.740007371090794,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:44","end":"11:44","startHours":10.740007371090794,"endHours":11.740007371090794,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:44","end":"12:44","startHours":11.740007371090794,"endHours":12.740007371090794,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:44","end":"13:44","startHours":12.740007371090794,"endHours":13.740007371090794,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:44","end":"14:44","startHours":13.740007371090794,"endHours":14.740007371090794,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:44","end":"15:44","startHours":14.740007371090794,"endHours":15.740007371090794,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:44","end":"16:44","startHours":15.740007371090794,"endHours":16.740007371090794,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:44","end":"17:44","startHours":16.740007371090794,"endHours":17.740007371090794,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:44","end":"18:44","startHours":17.740007371090794,"endHours":18.740007371090794,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:44","end":"19:44","startHours":18.740007371090794,"endHours":19.740007371090794,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:44","end":"20:44","startHours":19.740007371090794,"endHours":20.740007371090794,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:44","end":"21:44","startHours":20.740007371090794,"endHours":21.740007371090794,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:44","end":"22:44","startHours":21.740007371090794,"endHours":22.740007371090794,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:44","end":"23:44","startHours":22.740007371090794,"endHours":23.740007371090794,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:44","end":"00:44","startHours":23.740007371090794,"endHours":24.740007371090794,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:44","end":"01:44","startHours":24.740007371090794,"endHours":25.740007371090794,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:44","end":"02:44","startHours":25.740007371090794,"endHours":26.740007371090794,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:44","end":"03:44","startHours":26.740007371090794,"endHours":27.740007371090794,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:44","end":"04:44","startHours":27.740007371090794,"endHours":28.740007371090794,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:44","end":"05:44","startHours":28.740007371090794,"endHours":29.740007371090794,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:44","end":"06:44","startHours":29.740007371090794,"endHours":30.740007371090794,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Utpāta","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-19.44168967652254,"eotMinutes":-11.805197580117738,"ayanamsa":24.0355}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2070,"vikram_samvatsara":"Parābhava","saka_samvat":1935,"saka_samvatsara":"Vijaya","bengali_samvat":1420,"malayalam_era":1189,"nanakshahi_year":544,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 2070 Parābhava · Śaka 1935 Vijaya"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3226-07-09","event":"Bhagavān Krishna's birth at Mathurā","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Rohiṇī","url":"/day/-3226-07-09","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 23, 2013 CE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 23, 2013 CE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 06:44, sūryāsta 17:35.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2013-01-23","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2013-01-23","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2013-01-23","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2013-01-23","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2013-01-23"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T14:53:10.008Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T14:53:10.008Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T14:53:10.008Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}