{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:2012-03-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2012-03-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2012-03-31","date_display":"March 31, 2012 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2012,"month":3,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456017.770833,"kali_year":5113,"ahargana":1867552.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":346.8457,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":82.6217,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":95.776,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.776},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1,"moon_longitude":82.6217,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.6217},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":69.4675},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":15,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2012,"month":3,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456017.770833,"ahargana":1867552.2708,"kali_year":5113,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0241,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":346.706118,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":79.197318,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.5489},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":130.71981800000003,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":330.667518,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":18.877417999999977,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":32.482118000000014,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":183.09391800000003,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":228.0934,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":48.0934,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2012,"month":3,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456017.770833,"kali_year":5113,"ahargana":1867552.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":346.8457,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":82.6217,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":95.776,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.776},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1,"moon_longitude":82.6217,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.6217},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":69.4675},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":15,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.549,"elongation":95.776},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.549,"opposition_distance":84.224}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:51","sunsetLocal":"18:15","solarNoonLocal":"12:03","dayLengthHours":12.391734649799307,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 23 Mins 30 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 36 Mins 30 Secs","moonriseLocal":"11:24","moonsetLocal":"01:01","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:57","end":"10:30","startHours":8.94816802781828,"endHours":10.497134859043195,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:36","end":"15:09","startHours":13.59506852149302,"endHours":15.144035352717935,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:51","end":"07:24","startHours":5.850234365368454,"endHours":7.399201196593367,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:44","end":"09:09","startHours":8.741639116988292,"endHours":9.15469693864827,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:22","end":"06:42","startHours":6.366556642443426,"endHours":6.697002899771407,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:38","end":"12:28","startHours":11.63304386860813,"endHours":12.459159511928085,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:12","end":"05:01","startHours":4.198003078728546,"endHours":5.024118722048501,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:49","end":"05:51","startHours":4.817589811218512,"endHours":5.850234365368454,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:07","end":"14:56","startHours":14.111390798567992,"endHours":14.937506441887946,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:03","end":"18:27","startHours":18.041969015167762,"endHours":18.44196901516776,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:15","end":"18:45","startHours":18.24196901516776,"endHours":18.75829129224273,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:00","end":"19:45","startHours":17.99196901516776,"endHours":19.74196901516776,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:38","end":"00:28","startHours":23.633043868608134,"endHours":24.459159511928085,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:51","end":"07:24","startHours":5.850234365368454,"endHours":7.399201196593367,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:24","end":"08:57","startHours":7.399201196593367,"endHours":8.94816802781828,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:57","end":"10:30","startHours":8.94816802781828,"endHours":10.497134859043195,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:30","end":"12:03","startHours":10.497134859043195,"endHours":12.046101690268108,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:03","end":"13:36","startHours":12.046101690268108,"endHours":13.59506852149302,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:36","end":"15:09","startHours":13.59506852149302,"endHours":15.144035352717935,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:09","end":"16:42","startHours":15.144035352717935,"endHours":16.69300218394285,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:42","end":"18:15","startHours":16.69300218394285,"endHours":18.24196901516776,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:15","end":"19:42","startHours":18.24196901516776,"endHours":19.69300218394285,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:42","end":"21:09","startHours":19.69300218394285,"endHours":21.144035352717935,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:09","end":"22:36","startHours":21.144035352717935,"endHours":22.59506852149302,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:36","end":"00:03","startHours":22.59506852149302,"endHours":24.04610169026811,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:03","end":"01:30","startHours":24.04610169026811,"endHours":25.497134859043193,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:30","end":"02:57","startHours":25.497134859043193,"endHours":26.94816802781828,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:57","end":"04:24","startHours":26.94816802781828,"endHours":28.399201196593367,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:24","end":"05:51","startHours":28.399201196593367,"endHours":29.850234365368454,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:51","end":"06:51","startHours":5.850234365368454,"endHours":6.850234365368454,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:51","end":"07:51","startHours":6.850234365368454,"endHours":7.850234365368454,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:51","end":"08:51","startHours":7.850234365368454,"endHours":8.850234365368454,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:51","end":"09:51","startHours":8.850234365368454,"endHours":9.850234365368454,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:51","end":"10:51","startHours":9.850234365368454,"endHours":10.850234365368454,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:51","end":"11:51","startHours":10.850234365368454,"endHours":11.850234365368454,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:51","end":"12:51","startHours":11.850234365368454,"endHours":12.850234365368454,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:51","end":"13:51","startHours":12.850234365368454,"endHours":13.850234365368454,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:51","end":"14:51","startHours":13.850234365368454,"endHours":14.850234365368454,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:51","end":"15:51","startHours":14.850234365368454,"endHours":15.850234365368454,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:51","end":"16:51","startHours":15.850234365368454,"endHours":16.850234365368454,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:51","end":"17:51","startHours":16.850234365368454,"endHours":17.850234365368454,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:51","end":"18:51","startHours":17.850234365368454,"endHours":18.850234365368454,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:51","end":"19:51","startHours":18.850234365368454,"endHours":19.850234365368454,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:51","end":"20:51","startHours":19.850234365368454,"endHours":20.850234365368454,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:51","end":"21:51","startHours":20.850234365368454,"endHours":21.850234365368454,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:51","end":"22:51","startHours":21.850234365368454,"endHours":22.850234365368454,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:51","end":"23:51","startHours":22.850234365368454,"endHours":23.850234365368454,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:51","end":"00:51","startHours":23.850234365368454,"endHours":24.850234365368454,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:51","end":"01:51","startHours":24.850234365368454,"endHours":25.850234365368454,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:51","end":"02:51","startHours":25.850234365368454,"endHours":26.850234365368454,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:51","end":"03:51","startHours":26.850234365368454,"endHours":27.850234365368454,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:51","end":"04:51","startHours":27.850234365368454,"endHours":28.850234365368454,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:51","end":"05:51","startHours":28.850234365368454,"endHours":29.850234365368454,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhūmra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":4.246739948703365,"eotMinutes":-4.661701416086492,"ayanamsa":24.0241}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2069,"vikram_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","saka_samvat":1934,"saka_samvatsara":"Nandana","bengali_samvat":1419,"malayalam_era":1188,"nanakshahi_year":543,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Śukla Aṣṭamī · Vikram 2069 Viśvāvasu · Śaka 1934 Nandana"},"festivals":[{"id":"mina-sankranti","name":"Mīna Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"मीन सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Pisces; Mīna-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Mīna"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-12-25","event":"Bhīṣma's Mahaprasthan","chart_id":"bhishma","shared_marker":"same Śukla Aṣṭamī","url":"/day/-3137-12-25","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-1626101-04-03","event":"Bhagavān Rāma's birth at Ayodhyā","chart_id":"rama","shared_marker":"same Punarvasu","url":"/day/-1626101-04-03","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 31, 2012 CE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 31, 2012 CE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Śukla Aṣṭamī, sūryodaya 05:51, sūryāsta 18:15.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2012-03-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2012-03-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2012-03-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2012-03-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2012-03-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T13:30:39.802Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T13:30:39.802Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T13:30:39.802Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}