{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:2009-03-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2009-03-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2009-03-01","date_display":"March 1, 2009 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2009,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2454891.770833,"kali_year":5110,"ahargana":1866426.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.7341,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":5.5131,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":48.779,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.779},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":5.5131,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.5131},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":322.2471},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":8,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2009,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2454891.770833,"ahargana":1866426.2708,"kali_year":5110,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.981,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.602039,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":4.514539000000013,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.3975},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":294.8817389999999,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":294.17323899999997,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":289.15433899999994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":350.791039,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":144.811239,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":287.7543,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":107.7543,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2009,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2454891.770833,"kali_year":5110,"ahargana":1866426.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.7341,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":5.5131,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":48.779,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.779},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":5.5131,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.5131},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":322.2471},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":8,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.397,"elongation":48.779},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.397,"opposition_distance":131.221}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:22","sunsetLocal":"18:00","solarNoonLocal":"12:11","dayLengthHours":11.641734288590223,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 38 Mins 30 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 21 Mins 30 Secs","moonriseLocal":"08:59","moonsetLocal":"21:46","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:33","end":"18:00","startHours":16.551442694173247,"endHours":18.006659480247023,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:11","end":"13:38","startHours":12.185792335951913,"endHours":13.64100912202569,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:06","end":"16:33","startHours":15.096225908099468,"endHours":16.551442694173247,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:05","end":"09:28","startHours":9.081329858994518,"endHours":9.469387668614193,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:51","end":"07:10","startHours":6.849997453681393,"endHours":7.160443701377132,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:48","end":"12:34","startHours":11.797734526332238,"endHours":12.573850145571587,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:49","end":"05:35","startHours":4.812693953178104,"endHours":5.588809572417452,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:24","end":"06:22","startHours":5.394780667607614,"endHours":6.3649251916568,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:08","end":"14:54","startHours":14.126081384050282,"endHours":14.902197003289631,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:48","end":"18:12","startHours":17.806659480247024,"endHours":18.206659480247023,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:00","end":"18:30","startHours":18.006659480247023,"endHours":18.491731742271615,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:45","end":"19:30","startHours":17.756659480247023,"endHours":19.506659480247023,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:48","end":"00:34","startHours":23.79773452633224,"endHours":24.573850145571587,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:22","end":"07:49","startHours":6.3649251916568,"endHours":7.820141977730578,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:49","end":"09:17","startHours":7.820141977730578,"endHours":9.275358763804356,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:17","end":"10:44","startHours":9.275358763804356,"endHours":10.730575549878134,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:44","end":"12:11","startHours":10.730575549878134,"endHours":12.185792335951913,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:11","end":"13:38","startHours":12.185792335951913,"endHours":13.64100912202569,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:38","end":"15:06","startHours":13.64100912202569,"endHours":15.096225908099468,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:06","end":"16:33","startHours":15.096225908099468,"endHours":16.551442694173247,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:33","end":"18:00","startHours":16.551442694173247,"endHours":18.006659480247023,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:00","end":"19:33","startHours":18.006659480247023,"endHours":19.551442694173247,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:33","end":"21:06","startHours":19.551442694173247,"endHours":21.096225908099466,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:06","end":"22:38","startHours":21.096225908099466,"endHours":22.64100912202569,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:38","end":"00:11","startHours":22.64100912202569,"endHours":24.185792335951913,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:11","end":"01:44","startHours":24.185792335951913,"endHours":25.730575549878132,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:44","end":"03:17","startHours":25.730575549878132,"endHours":27.275358763804356,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:17","end":"04:49","startHours":27.275358763804356,"endHours":28.82014197773058,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:49","end":"06:22","startHours":28.82014197773058,"endHours":30.364925191656802,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:22","end":"07:22","startHours":6.3649251916568,"endHours":7.3649251916568,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:22","end":"08:22","startHours":7.3649251916568,"endHours":8.3649251916568,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:22","end":"09:22","startHours":8.3649251916568,"endHours":9.3649251916568,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:22","end":"10:22","startHours":9.3649251916568,"endHours":10.3649251916568,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:22","end":"11:22","startHours":10.3649251916568,"endHours":11.3649251916568,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:22","end":"12:22","startHours":11.3649251916568,"endHours":12.3649251916568,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:22","end":"13:22","startHours":12.3649251916568,"endHours":13.3649251916568,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:22","end":"14:22","startHours":13.3649251916568,"endHours":14.3649251916568,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:22","end":"15:22","startHours":14.3649251916568,"endHours":15.3649251916568,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:22","end":"16:22","startHours":15.3649251916568,"endHours":16.364925191656802,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:22","end":"17:22","startHours":16.364925191656802,"endHours":17.364925191656802,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:22","end":"18:22","startHours":17.364925191656802,"endHours":18.364925191656802,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:22","end":"19:22","startHours":18.364925191656802,"endHours":19.364925191656802,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:22","end":"20:22","startHours":19.364925191656802,"endHours":20.364925191656802,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:22","end":"21:22","startHours":20.364925191656802,"endHours":21.364925191656802,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:22","end":"22:22","startHours":21.364925191656802,"endHours":22.364925191656802,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:22","end":"23:22","startHours":22.364925191656802,"endHours":23.364925191656802,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:22","end":"00:22","startHours":23.364925191656802,"endHours":24.364925191656802,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:22","end":"01:22","startHours":24.364925191656802,"endHours":25.364925191656802,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:22","end":"02:22","startHours":25.364925191656802,"endHours":26.364925191656802,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:22","end":"03:22","startHours":26.364925191656802,"endHours":27.364925191656802,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:22","end":"04:22","startHours":27.364925191656802,"endHours":28.364925191656802,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:22","end":"05:22","startHours":28.364925191656802,"endHours":29.364925191656802,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:22","end":"06:22","startHours":29.364925191656802,"endHours":30.364925191656802,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Ānanda","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-7.598030198732779,"eotMinutes":-13.043140157114735,"ayanamsa":23.981}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2066,"vikram_samvatsara":"Śubhakṛt","saka_samvat":1931,"saka_samvatsara":"Virodhi","bengali_samvat":1416,"malayalam_era":1185,"nanakshahi_year":540,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Śukla Pañcamī · Vikram 2066 Śubhakṛt · Śaka 1931 Virodhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"kumbha-sankranti","name":"Kumbha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"कुम्भ सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aquarius; Kumbha-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kumbha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3101-02-18","event":"Kali Yuga Epoch","chart_id":"kali-yuga-epoch","shared_marker":"same Aśvinī","url":"/day/-3101-02-18","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 1, 2009 CE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 1, 2009 CE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Śukla Pañcamī, sūryodaya 06:22, sūryāsta 18:00.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2009-03-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2009-03-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2009-03-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2009-03-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2009-03-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T13:37:22.372Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T13:37:22.372Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T13:37:22.372Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}