{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:2004-12-20:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2004-12-20","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2004-12-20","date_display":"December 20, 2004 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2004,"month":12,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2453359.770833,"kali_year":5106,"ahargana":1864894.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":244.2196,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":347.4938,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":103.2742,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.2742},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":347.4938,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.8271},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":231.7134},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":17,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2004,"month":12,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2453359.770833,"ahargana":1864894.2708,"kali_year":5106,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.9224,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":244.57117300000004,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":350.764573,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.6429},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":212.17877299999998,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":226.34597299999996,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":172.36687299999994,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":220.175073,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":91.76357300000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":8.927,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":188.927,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2004,"month":12,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2453359.770833,"kali_year":5106,"ahargana":1864894.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":244.2196,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":347.4938,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":103.2742,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.2742},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":347.4938,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.8271},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":231.7134},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":17,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.643,"elongation":103.274},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.643,"opposition_distance":76.726}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:39","sunsetLocal":"17:13","solarNoonLocal":"11:56","dayLengthHours":10.559363165238727,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 33 Mins 34 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 26 Mins 26 Secs","moonriseLocal":"12:47","moonsetLocal":"01:15","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:59","end":"09:18","startHours":7.977780187661,"endHours":9.29770058331584,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:37","end":"11:56","startHours":10.617620978970681,"endHours":11.937541374625521,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:15","end":"14:35","startHours":13.257461770280363,"endHours":14.577382165935203,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:07","end":"09:28","startHours":9.121711197228528,"endHours":9.473689969403154,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:06","end":"07:23","startHours":7.097833257224439,"endHours":7.379416274964138,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:35","end":"12:17","startHours":11.585562602450898,"endHours":12.289520146800145,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:15","end":"05:57","startHours":5.249944703307662,"endHours":5.95390224765691,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:47","end":"06:39","startHours":5.7779128615695985,"endHours":6.657859792006159,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:42","end":"14:24","startHours":13.697435235498643,"endHours":14.401392779847892,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:01","end":"17:25","startHours":17.017222957244886,"endHours":17.417222957244885,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:13","end":"17:39","startHours":17.217222957244886,"endHours":17.657196422463166,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"16:58","end":"18:43","startHours":16.967222957244886,"endHours":18.717222957244886,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:35","end":"00:17","startHours":23.585562602450896,"endHours":24.289520146800147,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:39","end":"07:59","startHours":6.657859792006159,"endHours":7.977780187661,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:59","end":"09:18","startHours":7.977780187661,"endHours":9.29770058331584,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:18","end":"10:37","startHours":9.29770058331584,"endHours":10.617620978970681,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:37","end":"11:56","startHours":10.617620978970681,"endHours":11.937541374625521,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:56","end":"13:15","startHours":11.937541374625521,"endHours":13.257461770280363,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:15","end":"14:35","startHours":13.257461770280363,"endHours":14.577382165935203,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:35","end":"15:54","startHours":14.577382165935203,"endHours":15.897302561590045,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:54","end":"17:13","startHours":15.897302561590045,"endHours":17.217222957244886,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"17:13","end":"18:54","startHours":17.217222957244886,"endHours":18.897302561590045,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"18:54","end":"20:35","startHours":18.897302561590045,"endHours":20.577382165935205,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:35","end":"22:15","startHours":20.577382165935205,"endHours":22.257461770280365,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:15","end":"23:56","startHours":22.257461770280365,"endHours":23.93754137462552,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:56","end":"01:37","startHours":23.93754137462552,"endHours":25.61762097897068,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:37","end":"03:18","startHours":25.61762097897068,"endHours":27.29770058331584,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:18","end":"04:59","startHours":27.29770058331584,"endHours":28.977780187660997,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:59","end":"06:39","startHours":28.977780187660997,"endHours":30.657859792006157,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:39","end":"07:39","startHours":6.657859792006159,"endHours":7.657859792006159,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:39","end":"08:39","startHours":7.657859792006159,"endHours":8.657859792006159,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:39","end":"09:39","startHours":8.657859792006159,"endHours":9.657859792006159,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:39","end":"10:39","startHours":9.657859792006159,"endHours":10.657859792006159,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:39","end":"11:39","startHours":10.657859792006159,"endHours":11.657859792006159,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:39","end":"12:39","startHours":11.657859792006159,"endHours":12.657859792006159,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:39","end":"13:39","startHours":12.657859792006159,"endHours":13.657859792006159,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:39","end":"14:39","startHours":13.657859792006159,"endHours":14.657859792006159,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:39","end":"15:39","startHours":14.657859792006159,"endHours":15.657859792006159,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:39","end":"16:39","startHours":15.657859792006159,"endHours":16.657859792006157,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:39","end":"17:39","startHours":16.657859792006157,"endHours":17.657859792006157,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:39","end":"18:39","startHours":17.657859792006157,"endHours":18.657859792006157,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:39","end":"19:39","startHours":18.657859792006157,"endHours":19.657859792006157,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:39","end":"20:39","startHours":19.657859792006157,"endHours":20.657859792006157,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:39","end":"21:39","startHours":20.657859792006157,"endHours":21.657859792006157,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:39","end":"22:39","startHours":21.657859792006157,"endHours":22.657859792006157,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:39","end":"23:39","startHours":22.657859792006157,"endHours":23.657859792006157,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:39","end":"00:39","startHours":23.657859792006157,"endHours":24.657859792006157,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:39","end":"01:39","startHours":24.657859792006157,"endHours":25.657859792006157,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:39","end":"02:39","startHours":25.657859792006157,"endHours":26.657859792006157,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:39","end":"03:39","startHours":26.657859792006157,"endHours":27.657859792006157,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:39","end":"04:39","startHours":27.657859792006157,"endHours":28.657859792006157,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:39","end":"05:39","startHours":28.657859792006157,"endHours":29.657859792006157,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:39","end":"06:39","startHours":29.657859792006157,"endHours":30.657859792006157,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhūmra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-23.427916019572567,"eotMinutes":1.851917522468745,"ayanamsa":23.9224}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2061,"vikram_samvatsara":"Hemalambī","saka_samvat":1926,"saka_samvatsara":"Tāraṇa","bengali_samvat":1411,"malayalam_era":1180,"nanakshahi_year":535,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Navamī · Vikram 2061 Hemalambī · Śaka 1926 Tāraṇa"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-1626101-04-03","event":"Bhagavān Rāma's birth at Ayodhyā","chart_id":"rama","shared_marker":"same Śukla Navamī","url":"/day/-1626101-04-03","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 20, 2004 CE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 20, 2004 CE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Śukla Navamī, sūryodaya 06:39, sūryāsta 17:13.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2004-12-20","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2004-12-20","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2004-12-20","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2004-12-20","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2004-12-20"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T15:49:38.309Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T15:49:38.309Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T15:49:38.309Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}