{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:2002-09-25:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2002-09-25","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2002-09-25","date_display":"September 25, 2002 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":9,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452542.770833,"kali_year":5104,"ahargana":1864077.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":157.1713,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":18.2356,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":221.0643,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.0643},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":18.2356,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.9023},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":175.4069},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":36,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2002,"month":9,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452542.770833,"ahargana":1864077.2708,"kali_year":5104,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8912,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":157.91978799999993,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":15.561188000000016,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.5133},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":142.92058799999995,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":163.778188,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":107.113788,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":197.51708800000006,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":64.87038799999999,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":52.2156,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":232.2156,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":9,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452542.770833,"kali_year":5104,"ahargana":1864077.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":157.1713,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":18.2356,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":221.0643,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.0643},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":18.2356,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.9023},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":175.4069},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":36,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.513,"elongation":138.936},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.513,"opposition_distance":41.064}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:47","sunsetLocal":"17:51","solarNoonLocal":"11:49","dayLengthHours":12.077445379180823,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 04 Mins 39 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 55 Mins 21 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:48","moonsetLocal":"08:51","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:49","end":"13:20","startHours":11.815964556860965,"endHours":13.32564522925857,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:17","end":"08:48","startHours":7.286922539668157,"endHours":8.79660321206576,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:18","end":"11:49","startHours":10.306283884463362,"endHours":11.815964556860965,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:36","end":"09:00","startHours":8.595312455746079,"endHours":8.99789396838544,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:17","end":"06:36","startHours":6.280468758069755,"endHours":6.602533968181244,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:25","end":"12:13","startHours":11.413383044221606,"endHours":12.218546069500325,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:10","end":"04:58","startHours":4.166915816713111,"endHours":4.9720788419918325,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:46","end":"05:47","startHours":4.7707880856721525,"endHours":5.777241867270554,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:50","end":"14:38","startHours":13.828872120057769,"endHours":14.63403514533649,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:39","end":"18:03","startHours":17.654687246451378,"endHours":18.054687246451376,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:51","end":"18:21","startHours":17.854687246451377,"endHours":18.357914137250578,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:36","end":"19:21","startHours":17.604687246451377,"endHours":19.354687246451377,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:25","end":"00:13","startHours":23.413383044221604,"endHours":24.218546069500327,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"05:47","end":"07:17","startHours":5.777241867270554,"endHours":7.286922539668157,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:17","end":"08:48","startHours":7.286922539668157,"endHours":8.79660321206576,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:48","end":"10:18","startHours":8.79660321206576,"endHours":10.306283884463362,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:18","end":"11:49","startHours":10.306283884463362,"endHours":11.815964556860965,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:49","end":"13:20","startHours":11.815964556860965,"endHours":13.32564522925857,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:20","end":"14:50","startHours":13.32564522925857,"endHours":14.835325901656171,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:50","end":"16:21","startHours":14.835325901656171,"endHours":16.345006574053773,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:21","end":"17:51","startHours":16.345006574053773,"endHours":17.854687246451377,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:51","end":"19:21","startHours":17.854687246451377,"endHours":19.345006574053773,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:21","end":"20:50","startHours":19.345006574053773,"endHours":20.83532590165617,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:50","end":"22:20","startHours":20.83532590165617,"endHours":22.32564522925857,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:20","end":"23:49","startHours":22.32564522925857,"endHours":23.815964556860965,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:49","end":"01:18","startHours":23.815964556860965,"endHours":25.30628388446336,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:18","end":"02:48","startHours":25.30628388446336,"endHours":26.79660321206576,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:48","end":"04:17","startHours":26.79660321206576,"endHours":28.286922539668158,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:17","end":"05:47","startHours":28.286922539668158,"endHours":29.777241867270554,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:47","end":"06:47","startHours":5.777241867270554,"endHours":6.777241867270554,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:47","end":"07:47","startHours":6.777241867270554,"endHours":7.777241867270554,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:47","end":"08:47","startHours":7.777241867270554,"endHours":8.777241867270554,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:47","end":"09:47","startHours":8.777241867270554,"endHours":9.777241867270554,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:47","end":"10:47","startHours":9.777241867270554,"endHours":10.777241867270554,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:47","end":"11:47","startHours":10.777241867270554,"endHours":11.777241867270554,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:47","end":"12:47","startHours":11.777241867270554,"endHours":12.777241867270554,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:47","end":"13:47","startHours":12.777241867270554,"endHours":13.777241867270554,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:47","end":"14:47","startHours":13.777241867270554,"endHours":14.777241867270554,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:47","end":"15:47","startHours":14.777241867270554,"endHours":15.777241867270554,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:47","end":"16:47","startHours":15.777241867270554,"endHours":16.777241867270554,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:47","end":"17:47","startHours":16.777241867270554,"endHours":17.777241867270554,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:47","end":"18:47","startHours":17.777241867270554,"endHours":18.777241867270554,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:47","end":"19:47","startHours":18.777241867270554,"endHours":19.777241867270554,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:47","end":"20:47","startHours":19.777241867270554,"endHours":20.777241867270554,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:47","end":"21:47","startHours":20.777241867270554,"endHours":21.777241867270554,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:47","end":"22:47","startHours":21.777241867270554,"endHours":22.777241867270554,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:47","end":"23:47","startHours":22.777241867270554,"endHours":23.777241867270554,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:47","end":"00:47","startHours":23.777241867270554,"endHours":24.777241867270554,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:47","end":"01:47","startHours":24.777241867270554,"endHours":25.777241867270554,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:47","end":"02:47","startHours":25.777241867270554,"endHours":26.777241867270554,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:47","end":"03:47","startHours":26.777241867270554,"endHours":27.777241867270554,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:47","end":"04:47","startHours":27.777241867270554,"endHours":28.777241867270554,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:47","end":"05:47","startHours":28.777241867270554,"endHours":29.777241867270554,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Padma","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-0.7201877509904405,"eotMinutes":9.146526588342006,"ayanamsa":23.8912}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2059,"vikram_samvatsara":"Manmatha","saka_samvat":1924,"saka_samvatsara":"Citrabhānu","bengali_samvat":1409,"malayalam_era":1178,"nanakshahi_year":533,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Caturthī · Vikram 2059 Manmatha · Śaka 1924 Citrabhānu"},"festivals":[{"id":"kanya-sankranti","name":"Kanyā Saṅkrānti (Mahālaya begins)","name_sanskrit":"कन्या सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Virgo; Mahālaya / Pitṛ-Pakṣa solar marker.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kanyā"},"precedence":4},{"id":"sankashti-chaturthi","name":"Saṅkaṣṭī Caturthī","name_sanskrit":"सङ्कष्टी चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Gaṇeśa vrata.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":19,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 25, 2002 CE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 25, 2002 CE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Kṛṣṇa Caturthī, sūryodaya 05:47, sūryāsta 17:51.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2002-09-25","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2002-09-25","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2002-09-25","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2002-09-25","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2002-09-25"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T16:50:15.253Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T16:50:15.253Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T16:50:15.253Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}