{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:2002-01-24:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2002-01-24","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2002-01-24","date_display":"January 24, 2002 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":1,"day":24,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452298.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863833.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":279.9433,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":38.1778,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":10,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Daśamī","elongation_degrees":118.2345,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.2345},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":38.1778,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.5111},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":318.1211},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":19,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2002,"month":1,"day":24,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452298.770833,"ahargana":1863833.2708,"kali_year":5103,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8818,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":279.98931100000004,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":36.338111000000026,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.0389},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":339.832311,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":288.05811100000005,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":73.769611,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":282.259811,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":44.25571100000002,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":65.1439,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":245.1439,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":1,"day":24,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452298.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863833.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":279.9433,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":38.1778,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":10,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Daśamī","elongation_degrees":118.2345,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.2345},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":38.1778,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.5111},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":318.1211},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":19,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.039,"elongation":118.234},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.039,"opposition_distance":61.766}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:44","sunsetLocal":"17:36","solarNoonLocal":"12:10","dayLengthHours":10.861548761448553,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 51 Mins 42 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 08 Mins 18 Secs","moonriseLocal":"13:13","moonsetLocal":"02:38","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:32","end":"14:53","startHours":13.527147008289813,"endHours":14.884840603470883,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:44","end":"08:06","startHours":6.738679032384468,"endHours":8.096372627565536,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:27","end":"10:49","startHours":9.454066222746606,"endHours":10.811759817927676,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:16","end":"09:38","startHours":9.273040410055797,"endHours":9.635092035437415,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:11","end":"07:29","startHours":7.191243564111491,"endHours":7.480884864416786,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:48","end":"12:32","startHours":11.807401787727127,"endHours":12.531505038490362,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:17","end":"06:01","startHours":5.290472530857994,"endHours":6.014575781621231,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:50","end":"06:44","startHours":5.833549968930422,"endHours":6.738679032384468,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:59","end":"14:42","startHours":13.979711540016837,"endHours":14.703814790780074,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:24","end":"17:48","startHours":17.40022779383302,"endHours":17.80022779383302,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:36","end":"18:03","startHours":17.60022779383302,"endHours":18.052792325560045,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:21","end":"19:06","startHours":17.35022779383302,"endHours":19.10022779383302,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:48","end":"00:32","startHours":23.807401787727127,"endHours":24.531505038490362,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:44","end":"08:06","startHours":6.738679032384468,"endHours":8.096372627565536,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:06","end":"09:27","startHours":8.096372627565536,"endHours":9.454066222746606,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:27","end":"10:49","startHours":9.454066222746606,"endHours":10.811759817927676,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:49","end":"12:10","startHours":10.811759817927676,"endHours":12.169453413108744,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:10","end":"13:32","startHours":12.169453413108744,"endHours":13.527147008289813,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:32","end":"14:53","startHours":13.527147008289813,"endHours":14.884840603470883,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:53","end":"16:15","startHours":14.884840603470883,"endHours":16.242534198651953,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:15","end":"17:36","startHours":16.242534198651953,"endHours":17.60022779383302,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:36","end":"19:15","startHours":17.60022779383302,"endHours":19.242534198651953,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:15","end":"20:53","startHours":19.242534198651953,"endHours":20.884840603470884,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:53","end":"22:32","startHours":20.884840603470884,"endHours":22.527147008289813,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:32","end":"00:10","startHours":22.527147008289813,"endHours":24.169453413108744,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:10","end":"01:49","startHours":24.169453413108744,"endHours":25.811759817927676,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:49","end":"03:27","startHours":25.811759817927676,"endHours":27.454066222746604,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:27","end":"05:06","startHours":27.454066222746604,"endHours":29.096372627565536,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:06","end":"06:44","startHours":29.096372627565536,"endHours":30.738679032384468,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:44","end":"07:44","startHours":6.738679032384468,"endHours":7.738679032384468,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:44","end":"08:44","startHours":7.738679032384468,"endHours":8.738679032384468,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:44","end":"09:44","startHours":8.738679032384468,"endHours":9.738679032384468,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:44","end":"10:44","startHours":9.738679032384468,"endHours":10.738679032384468,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:44","end":"11:44","startHours":10.738679032384468,"endHours":11.738679032384468,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:44","end":"12:44","startHours":11.738679032384468,"endHours":12.738679032384468,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:44","end":"13:44","startHours":12.738679032384468,"endHours":13.738679032384468,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:44","end":"14:44","startHours":13.738679032384468,"endHours":14.738679032384468,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:44","end":"15:44","startHours":14.738679032384468,"endHours":15.738679032384468,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:44","end":"16:44","startHours":15.738679032384468,"endHours":16.738679032384468,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:44","end":"17:44","startHours":16.738679032384468,"endHours":17.738679032384468,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:44","end":"18:44","startHours":17.738679032384468,"endHours":18.738679032384468,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:44","end":"19:44","startHours":18.738679032384468,"endHours":19.738679032384468,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:44","end":"20:44","startHours":19.738679032384468,"endHours":20.738679032384468,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:44","end":"21:44","startHours":20.738679032384468,"endHours":21.738679032384468,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:44","end":"22:44","startHours":21.738679032384468,"endHours":22.738679032384468,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:44","end":"23:44","startHours":22.738679032384468,"endHours":23.738679032384468,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:44","end":"00:44","startHours":23.738679032384468,"endHours":24.738679032384468,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:44","end":"01:44","startHours":24.738679032384468,"endHours":25.738679032384468,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:44","end":"02:44","startHours":25.738679032384468,"endHours":26.738679032384468,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:44","end":"03:44","startHours":26.738679032384468,"endHours":27.738679032384468,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:44","end":"04:44","startHours":27.738679032384468,"endHours":28.738679032384468,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:44","end":"05:44","startHours":28.738679032384468,"endHours":29.738679032384468,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:44","end":"06:44","startHours":29.738679032384468,"endHours":30.738679032384468,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Siddhi","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-19.28301762590353,"eotMinutes":-12.062804786524666,"ayanamsa":23.8818}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2059,"vikram_samvatsara":"Manmatha","saka_samvat":1924,"saka_samvatsara":"Citrabhānu","bengali_samvat":1409,"malayalam_era":1178,"nanakshahi_year":533,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Daśamī · Vikram 2059 Manmatha · Śaka 1924 Citrabhānu"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-04","event":"Mahābhārata Day 1 (Bhagavad Gītā delivered)","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Kṛttikā","url":"/day/-3137-10-04","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-3137-12-25","event":"Bhīṣma's Mahaprasthan","chart_id":"bhishma","shared_marker":"same Kṛttikā","url":"/day/-3137-12-25","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 24, 2002 CE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 24, 2002 CE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Śukla Daśamī, sūryodaya 06:44, sūryāsta 17:36.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2002-01-24","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2002-01-24","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2002-01-24","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2002-01-24","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2002-01-24"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T17:28:55.073Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T17:28:55.073Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T17:28:55.073Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}