{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:2001-12-18:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2001-12-18","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2001-12-18","date_display":"December 18, 2001 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":12,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452261.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863796.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":241.9362,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":281.4316,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":39.4954,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.4954},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1,"moon_longitude":281.4316,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.4316},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":163.3678},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":6,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2001,"month":12,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452261.770833,"ahargana":1863796.2708,"kali_year":5103,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8804,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":242.30022399999996,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":279.3325239999999,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.5359},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":312.787924,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":249.63692400000002,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":78.53132399999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":235.725324,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":46.330423999999994,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":67.1044,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":247.1044,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":12,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452261.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863796.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":241.9362,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":281.4316,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":39.4954,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.4954},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1,"moon_longitude":281.4316,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.4316},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":163.3678},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":6,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.536,"elongation":39.495},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.536,"opposition_distance":140.505}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:38","sunsetLocal":"17:12","solarNoonLocal":"11:55","dayLengthHours":10.562865694971,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 33 Mins 46 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 26 Mins 14 Secs","moonriseLocal":"08:59","moonsetLocal":"19:48","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:34","end":"15:53","startHours":14.562660967940397,"endHours":15.883019179811773,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:17","end":"10:36","startHours":9.281228120454898,"endHours":10.601586332326272,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:55","end":"13:15","startHours":11.921944544197647,"endHours":13.242302756069023,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:06","end":"09:27","startHours":9.105180358872047,"endHours":9.457275882037749,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:05","end":"07:22","startHours":7.080631100669272,"endHours":7.362307519201832,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:34","end":"12:16","startHours":11.569849021031947,"endHours":12.274040067363346,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:14","end":"05:56","startHours":5.232129604049348,"endHours":5.936320650380748,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:46","end":"06:38","startHours":5.760272888797898,"endHours":6.640511696712148,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:41","end":"14:23","startHours":13.682422160026148,"endHours":14.386613206357548,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:00","end":"17:24","startHours":17.00337739168315,"endHours":17.403377391683147,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:12","end":"17:39","startHours":17.203377391683148,"endHours":17.643496795640274,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"16:57","end":"18:42","startHours":16.953377391683148,"endHours":18.703377391683148,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:34","end":"00:16","startHours":23.569849021031946,"endHours":24.274040067363348,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"06:38","end":"07:58","startHours":6.640511696712148,"endHours":7.960869908583523,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:58","end":"09:17","startHours":7.960869908583523,"endHours":9.281228120454898,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:17","end":"10:36","startHours":9.281228120454898,"endHours":10.601586332326272,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:36","end":"11:55","startHours":10.601586332326272,"endHours":11.921944544197647,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:55","end":"13:15","startHours":11.921944544197647,"endHours":13.242302756069023,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:15","end":"14:34","startHours":13.242302756069023,"endHours":14.562660967940397,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:34","end":"15:53","startHours":14.562660967940397,"endHours":15.883019179811773,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:53","end":"17:12","startHours":15.883019179811773,"endHours":17.203377391683148,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:12","end":"18:53","startHours":17.203377391683148,"endHours":18.88301917981177,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:53","end":"20:34","startHours":18.88301917981177,"endHours":20.5626609679404,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:34","end":"22:15","startHours":20.5626609679404,"endHours":22.242302756069023,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:15","end":"23:55","startHours":22.242302756069023,"endHours":23.921944544197647,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:55","end":"01:36","startHours":23.921944544197647,"endHours":25.60158633232627,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:36","end":"03:17","startHours":25.60158633232627,"endHours":27.281228120454898,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:17","end":"04:58","startHours":27.281228120454898,"endHours":28.960869908583522,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:58","end":"06:38","startHours":28.960869908583522,"endHours":30.640511696712146,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:38","end":"07:38","startHours":6.640511696712148,"endHours":7.640511696712148,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:38","end":"08:38","startHours":7.640511696712148,"endHours":8.640511696712148,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:38","end":"09:38","startHours":8.640511696712148,"endHours":9.640511696712148,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:38","end":"10:38","startHours":9.640511696712148,"endHours":10.640511696712148,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:38","end":"11:38","startHours":10.640511696712148,"endHours":11.640511696712148,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:38","end":"12:38","startHours":11.640511696712148,"endHours":12.640511696712148,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:38","end":"13:38","startHours":12.640511696712148,"endHours":13.640511696712148,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:38","end":"14:38","startHours":13.640511696712148,"endHours":14.640511696712148,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:38","end":"15:38","startHours":14.640511696712148,"endHours":15.640511696712148,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:38","end":"16:38","startHours":15.640511696712148,"endHours":16.640511696712146,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:38","end":"17:38","startHours":16.640511696712146,"endHours":17.640511696712146,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:38","end":"18:38","startHours":17.640511696712146,"endHours":18.640511696712146,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:38","end":"19:38","startHours":18.640511696712146,"endHours":19.640511696712146,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:38","end":"20:38","startHours":19.640511696712146,"endHours":20.640511696712146,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:38","end":"21:38","startHours":20.640511696712146,"endHours":21.640511696712146,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:38","end":"22:38","startHours":21.640511696712146,"endHours":22.640511696712146,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:38","end":"23:38","startHours":22.640511696712146,"endHours":23.640511696712146,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:38","end":"00:38","startHours":23.640511696712146,"endHours":24.640511696712146,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:38","end":"01:38","startHours":24.640511696712146,"endHours":25.640511696712146,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:38","end":"02:38","startHours":25.640511696712146,"endHours":26.640511696712146,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:38","end":"03:38","startHours":26.640511696712146,"endHours":27.640511696712146,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:38","end":"04:38","startHours":27.640511696712146,"endHours":28.640511696712146,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:38","end":"05:38","startHours":28.640511696712146,"endHours":29.640511696712146,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:38","end":"06:38","startHours":29.640511696712146,"endHours":30.640511696712146,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāladaṇḍa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-23.38134751008021,"eotMinutes":2.787727348141232,"ayanamsa":23.8804}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2058,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1923,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1408,"malayalam_era":1177,"nanakshahi_year":532,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Caturthī · Vikram 2058 Jaya · Śaka 1923 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[{"id":"angarika-chaturthi","name":"Aṅgāraka Caturthī (Tuesday Caturthī)","name_sanskrit":"अङ्गारक चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa + Maṅgala","significance":"Tuesday-Caturthī (rare); supremely auspicious for Maṅgala-doṣa-nivāraṇa.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":4,"vara_name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"},{"tithi_number":19,"vara_name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}]},"precedence":3},{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5},{"id":"vinayaka-chaturthi","name":"Vināyaka Caturthī (monthly)","name_sanskrit":"विनायक चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Śukla-pakṣa Caturthī; auspicious for new ventures.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":4,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 18, 2001 CE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 18, 2001 CE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Śukla Caturthī, sūryodaya 06:38, sūryāsta 17:12.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2001-12-18","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2001-12-18","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2001-12-18","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2001-12-18","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2001-12-18"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T13:32:22.073Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T13:32:22.073Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T13:32:22.073Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}