{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:2001-08-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2001-08-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2001-08-16","date_display":"August 16, 2001 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":8,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452137.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863672.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":118.759,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":77.7327,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":27,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":318.9737,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.9737},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":77.7327,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.066},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":196.4917},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":53,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2001,"month":8,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452137.770833,"ahargana":1863672.2708,"kali_year":5103,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8757,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":119.38086199999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":76.26956200000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.3181},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":235.97376200000008,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":129.509662,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":73.14296200000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":82.96606200000002,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":49.497162,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":73.6745,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":253.6745,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":8,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452137.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863672.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":118.759,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":77.7327,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":27,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":318.9737,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.9737},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":77.7327,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.066},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":196.4917},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":53,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.318,"elongation":41.026},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.318,"opposition_distance":138.974}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:32","sunsetLocal":"18:33","solarNoonLocal":"12:02","dayLengthHours":13.014811601292301,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 00 Mins 53 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 59 Mins 07 Secs","moonriseLocal":"02:20","moonsetLocal":"15:59","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:40","end":"15:17","startHours":13.661422376780411,"endHours":15.288273826941946,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"05:32","end":"07:09","startHours":5.527165125972721,"endHours":7.154016576134259,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:47","end":"10:24","startHours":8.780868026295796,"endHours":10.407719476457334,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:34","end":"09:00","startHours":8.563954499607592,"endHours":8.997781552984002,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:04","end":"06:25","startHours":6.069448942693234,"endHours":6.416510585394362,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:36","end":"12:28","startHours":11.600743873242463,"endHours":12.468397979995283,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:48","end":"04:40","startHours":3.791856912467081,"endHours":4.659511019219901,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:27","end":"05:32","startHours":4.4425974925316964,"endHours":5.527165125972721,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:12","end":"15:04","startHours":14.20370619350092,"endHours":15.07136030025374,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:21","end":"18:45","startHours":18.341976727265024,"endHours":18.741976727265023,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:33","end":"19:05","startHours":18.541976727265023,"endHours":19.084260543985536,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:18","end":"20:03","startHours":18.291976727265023,"endHours":20.041976727265023,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:36","end":"00:28","startHours":23.60074387324246,"endHours":24.468397979995284,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:32","end":"07:09","startHours":5.527165125972721,"endHours":7.154016576134259,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:09","end":"08:47","startHours":7.154016576134259,"endHours":8.780868026295796,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:47","end":"10:24","startHours":8.780868026295796,"endHours":10.407719476457334,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:24","end":"12:02","startHours":10.407719476457334,"endHours":12.034570926618873,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:02","end":"13:40","startHours":12.034570926618873,"endHours":13.661422376780411,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:40","end":"15:17","startHours":13.661422376780411,"endHours":15.288273826941946,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:17","end":"16:55","startHours":15.288273826941946,"endHours":16.915125277103485,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:55","end":"18:33","startHours":16.915125277103485,"endHours":18.541976727265023,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:33","end":"19:55","startHours":18.541976727265023,"endHours":19.915125277103485,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:55","end":"21:17","startHours":19.915125277103485,"endHours":21.288273826941946,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:17","end":"22:40","startHours":21.288273826941946,"endHours":22.66142237678041,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:40","end":"00:02","startHours":22.66142237678041,"endHours":24.034570926618873,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:02","end":"01:24","startHours":24.034570926618873,"endHours":25.407719476457334,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:24","end":"02:47","startHours":25.407719476457334,"endHours":26.7808680262958,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:47","end":"04:09","startHours":26.7808680262958,"endHours":28.15401657613426,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:09","end":"05:32","startHours":28.15401657613426,"endHours":29.527165125972722,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:32","end":"06:32","startHours":5.527165125972721,"endHours":6.527165125972721,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:32","end":"07:32","startHours":6.527165125972721,"endHours":7.527165125972721,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:32","end":"08:32","startHours":7.527165125972721,"endHours":8.527165125972722,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:32","end":"09:32","startHours":8.527165125972722,"endHours":9.527165125972722,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:32","end":"10:32","startHours":9.527165125972722,"endHours":10.527165125972722,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:32","end":"11:32","startHours":10.527165125972722,"endHours":11.527165125972722,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:32","end":"12:32","startHours":11.527165125972722,"endHours":12.527165125972722,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:32","end":"13:32","startHours":12.527165125972722,"endHours":13.527165125972722,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:32","end":"14:32","startHours":13.527165125972722,"endHours":14.527165125972722,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:32","end":"15:32","startHours":14.527165125972722,"endHours":15.527165125972722,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:32","end":"16:32","startHours":15.527165125972722,"endHours":16.527165125972722,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:32","end":"17:32","startHours":16.527165125972722,"endHours":17.527165125972722,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:32","end":"18:32","startHours":17.527165125972722,"endHours":18.527165125972722,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:32","end":"19:32","startHours":18.527165125972722,"endHours":19.527165125972722,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:32","end":"20:32","startHours":19.527165125972722,"endHours":20.527165125972722,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:32","end":"21:32","startHours":20.527165125972722,"endHours":21.527165125972722,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:32","end":"22:32","startHours":21.527165125972722,"endHours":22.527165125972722,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:32","end":"23:32","startHours":22.527165125972722,"endHours":23.527165125972722,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:32","end":"00:32","startHours":23.527165125972722,"endHours":24.527165125972722,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:32","end":"01:32","startHours":24.527165125972722,"endHours":25.527165125972722,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:32","end":"02:32","startHours":25.527165125972722,"endHours":26.527165125972722,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:32","end":"03:32","startHours":26.527165125972722,"endHours":27.527165125972722,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:32","end":"04:32","startHours":27.527165125972722,"endHours":28.527165125972722,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:32","end":"05:32","startHours":28.527165125972722,"endHours":29.527165125972722,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mausala","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":13.764789700033868,"eotMinutes":-3.969855597132357,"ayanamsa":23.8757}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2058,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1923,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1408,"malayalam_era":1177,"nanakshahi_year":532,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī · Vikram 2058 Jaya · Śaka 1923 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga August 16, 2001 CE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"August 16, 2001 CE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 05:32, sūryāsta 18:33.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2001-08-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2001-08-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2001-08-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2001-08-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2001-08-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T11:36:39.752Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T11:36:39.752Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T11:36:39.752Z","pillar_versions":{"BOB-History":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}