{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:2001-03-29:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2001-03-29","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2001-03-29","date_display":"March 29, 2001 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":3,"day":29,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451997.770833,"kali_year":5102,"ahargana":1863532.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":344.7212,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":33.2101,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":48.4889,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.4889},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":33.2101,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.5434},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":17.9313},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":8,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2001,"month":3,"day":29,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451997.770833,"ahargana":1863532.2708,"kali_year":5102,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8703,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":344.552511,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":31.668611,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.3364},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":235.65321100000006,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":322.54461100000003,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":43.19061099999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":346.441411,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":33.55071099999998,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":81.0923,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":261.0923,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":3,"day":29,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451997.770833,"kali_year":5102,"ahargana":1863532.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":344.7212,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":33.2101,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":48.4889,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.4889},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":33.2101,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.5434},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":17.9313},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":8,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.336,"elongation":48.489},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.336,"opposition_distance":131.511}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:53","sunsetLocal":"18:13","solarNoonLocal":"12:03","dayLengthHours":12.334084978032598,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 20 Mins 03 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 39 Mins 57 Secs","moonriseLocal":"08:31","moonsetLocal":"21:52","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:36","end":"15:08","startHours":13.598500784703694,"endHours":15.140261406957768,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"05:53","end":"07:26","startHours":5.88969767343332,"endHours":7.431458295687395,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:58","end":"10:31","startHours":8.97321891794147,"endHours":10.514979540195544,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:46","end":"09:11","startHours":8.767650834974258,"endHours":9.17878700090868,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:24","end":"06:44","startHours":6.403617880851344,"endHours":6.732526813598881,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:39","end":"12:28","startHours":11.645603996515199,"endHours":12.467876328384037,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:15","end":"05:04","startHours":4.24515300969564,"endHours":5.06742534156448,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:52","end":"05:53","startHours":4.86185725859727,"endHours":5.88969767343332,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:07","end":"14:56","startHours":14.112420992121718,"endHours":14.934693323990558,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:01","end":"18:25","startHours":18.02378265146592,"endHours":18.423782651465917,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:13","end":"18:44","startHours":18.223782651465918,"endHours":18.737702858883942,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:58","end":"19:43","startHours":17.973782651465918,"endHours":19.723782651465918,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:39","end":"00:28","startHours":23.6456039965152,"endHours":24.467876328384037,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:53","end":"07:26","startHours":5.88969767343332,"endHours":7.431458295687395,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:26","end":"08:58","startHours":7.431458295687395,"endHours":8.97321891794147,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:58","end":"10:31","startHours":8.97321891794147,"endHours":10.514979540195544,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:31","end":"12:03","startHours":10.514979540195544,"endHours":12.056740162449618,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:03","end":"13:36","startHours":12.056740162449618,"endHours":13.598500784703694,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:36","end":"15:08","startHours":13.598500784703694,"endHours":15.140261406957768,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:08","end":"16:41","startHours":15.140261406957768,"endHours":16.682022029211844,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:41","end":"18:13","startHours":16.682022029211844,"endHours":18.223782651465918,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:13","end":"19:41","startHours":18.223782651465918,"endHours":19.682022029211844,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:41","end":"21:08","startHours":19.682022029211844,"endHours":21.14026140695777,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:08","end":"22:36","startHours":21.14026140695777,"endHours":22.598500784703695,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:36","end":"00:03","startHours":22.598500784703695,"endHours":24.056740162449618,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:03","end":"01:31","startHours":24.056740162449618,"endHours":25.514979540195544,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:31","end":"02:58","startHours":25.514979540195544,"endHours":26.97321891794147,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:58","end":"04:26","startHours":26.97321891794147,"endHours":28.431458295687392,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:26","end":"05:53","startHours":28.431458295687392,"endHours":29.889697673433318,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:53","end":"06:53","startHours":5.88969767343332,"endHours":6.88969767343332,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:53","end":"07:53","startHours":6.88969767343332,"endHours":7.88969767343332,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:53","end":"08:53","startHours":7.88969767343332,"endHours":8.88969767343332,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:53","end":"09:53","startHours":8.88969767343332,"endHours":9.88969767343332,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:53","end":"10:53","startHours":9.88969767343332,"endHours":10.88969767343332,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:53","end":"11:53","startHours":10.88969767343332,"endHours":11.88969767343332,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:53","end":"12:53","startHours":11.88969767343332,"endHours":12.88969767343332,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:53","end":"13:53","startHours":12.88969767343332,"endHours":13.88969767343332,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:53","end":"14:53","startHours":13.88969767343332,"endHours":14.88969767343332,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:53","end":"15:53","startHours":14.88969767343332,"endHours":15.88969767343332,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:53","end":"16:53","startHours":15.88969767343332,"endHours":16.889697673433318,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:53","end":"17:53","startHours":16.889697673433318,"endHours":17.889697673433318,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:53","end":"18:53","startHours":17.889697673433318,"endHours":18.889697673433318,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:53","end":"19:53","startHours":18.889697673433318,"endHours":19.889697673433318,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:53","end":"20:53","startHours":19.889697673433318,"endHours":20.889697673433318,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:53","end":"21:53","startHours":20.889697673433318,"endHours":21.889697673433318,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:53","end":"22:53","startHours":21.889697673433318,"endHours":22.889697673433318,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:53","end":"23:53","startHours":22.889697673433318,"endHours":23.889697673433318,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:53","end":"00:53","startHours":23.889697673433318,"endHours":24.889697673433318,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:53","end":"01:53","startHours":24.889697673433318,"endHours":25.889697673433318,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:53","end":"02:53","startHours":25.889697673433318,"endHours":26.889697673433318,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:53","end":"03:53","startHours":26.889697673433318,"endHours":27.889697673433318,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:53","end":"04:53","startHours":27.889697673433318,"endHours":28.889697673433318,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:53","end":"05:53","startHours":28.889697673433318,"endHours":29.889697673433318,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Siddhi","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":3.3398634200480646,"eotMinutes":-5.300009746977087,"ayanamsa":23.8703}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2058,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1923,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1408,"malayalam_era":1177,"nanakshahi_year":532,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Śukla Pañcamī · Vikram 2058 Jaya · Śaka 1923 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[{"id":"ramanuja-jayanti","name":"Rāmānujācārya Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"रामानुजाचार्य जयन्ती","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Rāmānujācārya (Viśiṣṭādvaita)","significance":"Birth of Rāmānujācārya; Viśiṣṭādvaita-pratiṣṭhāpaka. Caitra Śukla 5.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":5,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Caitra"},"precedence":3},{"id":"mina-sankranti","name":"Mīna Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"मीन सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Pisces; Mīna-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Mīna"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-04","event":"Mahābhārata Day 1 (Bhagavad Gītā delivered)","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Kṛttikā","url":"/day/-3137-10-04","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-3137-12-25","event":"Bhīṣma's Mahaprasthan","chart_id":"bhishma","shared_marker":"same Kṛttikā","url":"/day/-3137-12-25","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 29, 2001 CE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 29, 2001 CE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Śukla Pañcamī, sūryodaya 05:53, sūryāsta 18:13.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2001-03-29","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2001-03-29","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2001-03-29","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2001-03-29","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2001-03-29"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T11:02:23.528Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T11:02:23.528Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T11:02:23.528Z","pillar_versions":{"BOB-History":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}