{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:2001-01-18:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2001-01-18","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2001-01-18","date_display":"January 18, 2001 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":1,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451927.770833,"kali_year":5102,"ahargana":1863462.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":274.056,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":198.9848,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":284.9288,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.9288},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":198.9848,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.3182},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":113.0408},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":47,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2001,"month":1,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451927.770833,"ahargana":1863462.2708,"kali_year":5102,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8676,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":274.14438599999994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":202.24478599999998,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.1044},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":200.87088600000004,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":288.5348859999999,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":37.37968599999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":321.213786,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":30.145186000000024,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":84.8013,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":264.8013,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":1,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451927.770833,"kali_year":5102,"ahargana":1863462.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":274.056,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":198.9848,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":284.9288,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.9288},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":198.9848,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.3182},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":113.0408},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":47,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.104,"elongation":75.071},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.104,"opposition_distance":104.929}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-8,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.182,"opposition_distance":1.705}]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:45","sunsetLocal":"17:32","solarNoonLocal":"12:08","dayLengthHours":10.770599831551811,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 46 Mins 14 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 13 Mins 46 Secs","moonriseLocal":"01:51","moonsetLocal":"12:51","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:29","end":"14:50","startHours":13.487218805305472,"endHours":14.833543784249448,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:45","end":"08:06","startHours":6.75559391058559,"endHours":8.101918889529566,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:27","end":"10:48","startHours":9.448243868473543,"endHours":10.79456884741752,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:16","end":"09:38","startHours":9.268733871281013,"endHours":9.627753865666072,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:12","end":"07:29","startHours":7.204368903566916,"endHours":7.491584899074964,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:47","end":"12:30","startHours":11.781873831976435,"endHours":12.499913820746555,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:19","end":"06:02","startHours":5.319513933045348,"endHours":6.037553921815469,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:51","end":"06:45","startHours":5.858043924622939,"endHours":6.75559391058559,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:56","end":"14:39","startHours":13.935993798286798,"endHours":14.65403378705692,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:20","end":"17:44","startHours":17.326193742137402,"endHours":17.7261937421374,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:32","end":"17:58","startHours":17.5261937421374,"endHours":17.974968735118726,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:17","end":"19:02","startHours":17.2761937421374,"endHours":19.0261937421374,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:47","end":"00:30","startHours":23.781873831976434,"endHours":24.499913820746556,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:45","end":"08:06","startHours":6.75559391058559,"endHours":8.101918889529566,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:06","end":"09:27","startHours":8.101918889529566,"endHours":9.448243868473543,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:27","end":"10:48","startHours":9.448243868473543,"endHours":10.79456884741752,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:48","end":"12:08","startHours":10.79456884741752,"endHours":12.140893826361495,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:08","end":"13:29","startHours":12.140893826361495,"endHours":13.487218805305472,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:29","end":"14:50","startHours":13.487218805305472,"endHours":14.833543784249448,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:50","end":"16:11","startHours":14.833543784249448,"endHours":16.179868763193426,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:11","end":"17:32","startHours":16.179868763193426,"endHours":17.5261937421374,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:32","end":"19:11","startHours":17.5261937421374,"endHours":19.179868763193426,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:11","end":"20:50","startHours":19.179868763193426,"endHours":20.83354378424945,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:50","end":"22:29","startHours":20.83354378424945,"endHours":22.487218805305474,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:29","end":"00:08","startHours":22.487218805305474,"endHours":24.140893826361495,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:08","end":"01:48","startHours":24.140893826361495,"endHours":25.79456884741752,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:48","end":"03:27","startHours":25.79456884741752,"endHours":27.448243868473543,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:27","end":"05:06","startHours":27.448243868473543,"endHours":29.101918889529564,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:06","end":"06:45","startHours":29.101918889529564,"endHours":30.75559391058559,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:45","end":"07:45","startHours":6.75559391058559,"endHours":7.75559391058559,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:45","end":"08:45","startHours":7.75559391058559,"endHours":8.75559391058559,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:45","end":"09:45","startHours":8.75559391058559,"endHours":9.75559391058559,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:45","end":"10:45","startHours":9.75559391058559,"endHours":10.75559391058559,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:45","end":"11:45","startHours":10.75559391058559,"endHours":11.75559391058559,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:45","end":"12:45","startHours":11.75559391058559,"endHours":12.75559391058559,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:45","end":"13:45","startHours":12.75559391058559,"endHours":13.75559391058559,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:45","end":"14:45","startHours":13.75559391058559,"endHours":14.75559391058559,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:45","end":"15:45","startHours":14.75559391058559,"endHours":15.75559391058559,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:45","end":"16:45","startHours":15.75559391058559,"endHours":16.75559391058559,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:45","end":"17:45","startHours":16.75559391058559,"endHours":17.75559391058559,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:45","end":"18:45","startHours":17.75559391058559,"endHours":18.75559391058559,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:45","end":"19:45","startHours":18.75559391058559,"endHours":19.75559391058559,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:45","end":"20:45","startHours":19.75559391058559,"endHours":20.75559391058559,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:45","end":"21:45","startHours":20.75559391058559,"endHours":21.75559391058559,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:45","end":"22:45","startHours":21.75559391058559,"endHours":22.75559391058559,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:45","end":"23:45","startHours":22.75559391058559,"endHours":23.75559391058559,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:45","end":"00:45","startHours":23.75559391058559,"endHours":24.75559391058559,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:45","end":"01:45","startHours":24.75559391058559,"endHours":25.75559391058559,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:45","end":"02:45","startHours":25.75559391058559,"endHours":26.75559391058559,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:45","end":"03:45","startHours":26.75559391058559,"endHours":27.75559391058559,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:45","end":"04:45","startHours":27.75559391058559,"endHours":28.75559391058559,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:45","end":"05:45","startHours":28.75559391058559,"endHours":29.75559391058559,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:45","end":"06:45","startHours":29.75559391058559,"endHours":30.75559391058559,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhūmra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-20.556926883990428,"eotMinutes":-10.349229581689698,"ayanamsa":23.8676}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2058,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1923,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1408,"malayalam_era":1177,"nanakshahi_year":532,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Navamī · Vikram 2058 Jaya · Śaka 1923 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 18, 2001 CE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 18, 2001 CE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Kṛṣṇa Navamī, sūryodaya 06:45, sūryāsta 17:32.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2001-01-18","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2001-01-18","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2001-01-18","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2001-01-18","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2001-01-18"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T14:44:42.551Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T14:44:42.551Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T14:44:42.551Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}