{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:2001-01-05:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2001-01-05","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2001-01-05","date_display":"January 5, 2001 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":1,"day":5,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451914.770833,"kali_year":5102,"ahargana":1863449.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":260.701,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":18.6156,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":10,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Daśamī","elongation_degrees":117.9146,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.9146},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":18.6156,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.2822},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":279.3166},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":19,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2001,"month":1,"day":5,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451914.770833,"ahargana":1863449.2708,"kali_year":5102,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8671,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":260.90038200000004,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":16.039282000000014,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.1378},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":193.396882,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":267.049582,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":37.991581999999994,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":307.5249819999999,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":30.46638200000001,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":85.4901,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":265.4901,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":1,"day":5,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451914.770833,"kali_year":5102,"ahargana":1863449.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":260.701,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":18.6156,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":10,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Daśamī","elongation_degrees":117.9146,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.9146},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":18.6156,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.2822},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":279.3166},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":19,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.138,"elongation":117.915},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.138,"opposition_distance":62.085}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":5,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.182,"opposition_distance":1.705}]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:45","sunsetLocal":"17:22","solarNoonLocal":"12:04","dayLengthHours":10.619860723013664,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 37 Mins 11 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 22 Mins 49 Secs","moonriseLocal":"13:13","moonsetLocal":"02:15","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:44","end":"12:04","startHours":10.731803586692678,"endHours":12.059286177069385,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:43","end":"16:03","startHours":14.714251357822802,"endHours":16.04173394819951,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:05","end":"09:24","startHours":8.076838405939261,"endHours":9.40432099631597,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:14","end":"09:35","startHours":9.227323317599076,"endHours":9.581318675032865,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:12","end":"07:29","startHours":7.19185001235479,"endHours":7.47504629830182,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:42","end":"12:25","startHours":11.705290819635596,"endHours":12.413281534503174,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:20","end":"06:02","startHours":5.3333743858273985,"endHours":6.041365100694977,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:52","end":"06:45","startHours":5.864367421978082,"endHours":6.749355815562554,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:50","end":"14:32","startHours":13.82926296423833,"endHours":14.537253679105907,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:10","end":"17:34","startHours":17.16921653857622,"endHours":17.569216538576217,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:22","end":"17:49","startHours":17.369216538576218,"endHours":17.811710735368454,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:07","end":"18:52","startHours":17.119216538576218,"endHours":18.869216538576218,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:42","end":"00:25","startHours":23.705290819635596,"endHours":24.413281534503174,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"06:45","end":"08:05","startHours":6.749355815562554,"endHours":8.076838405939261,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:05","end":"09:24","startHours":8.076838405939261,"endHours":9.40432099631597,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:24","end":"10:44","startHours":9.40432099631597,"endHours":10.731803586692678,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:44","end":"12:04","startHours":10.731803586692678,"endHours":12.059286177069385,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:04","end":"13:23","startHours":12.059286177069385,"endHours":13.386768767446094,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:23","end":"14:43","startHours":13.386768767446094,"endHours":14.714251357822802,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:43","end":"16:03","startHours":14.714251357822802,"endHours":16.04173394819951,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:03","end":"17:22","startHours":16.04173394819951,"endHours":17.369216538576218,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"17:22","end":"19:03","startHours":17.369216538576218,"endHours":19.04173394819951,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:03","end":"20:43","startHours":19.04173394819951,"endHours":20.714251357822803,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:43","end":"22:23","startHours":20.714251357822803,"endHours":22.386768767446092,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:23","end":"00:04","startHours":22.386768767446092,"endHours":24.059286177069385,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:04","end":"01:44","startHours":24.059286177069385,"endHours":25.731803586692678,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:44","end":"03:24","startHours":25.731803586692678,"endHours":27.40432099631597,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:24","end":"05:05","startHours":27.40432099631597,"endHours":29.076838405939263,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"05:05","end":"06:45","startHours":29.076838405939263,"endHours":30.749355815562552,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:45","end":"07:45","startHours":6.749355815562554,"endHours":7.749355815562554,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:45","end":"08:45","startHours":7.749355815562554,"endHours":8.749355815562554,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:45","end":"09:45","startHours":8.749355815562554,"endHours":9.749355815562554,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:45","end":"10:45","startHours":9.749355815562554,"endHours":10.749355815562554,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:45","end":"11:45","startHours":10.749355815562554,"endHours":11.749355815562554,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:45","end":"12:45","startHours":11.749355815562554,"endHours":12.749355815562554,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:45","end":"13:45","startHours":12.749355815562554,"endHours":13.749355815562554,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:45","end":"14:45","startHours":13.749355815562554,"endHours":14.749355815562554,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:45","end":"15:45","startHours":14.749355815562554,"endHours":15.749355815562554,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:45","end":"16:45","startHours":15.749355815562554,"endHours":16.749355815562552,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:45","end":"17:45","startHours":16.749355815562552,"endHours":17.749355815562552,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:45","end":"18:45","startHours":17.749355815562552,"endHours":18.749355815562552,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:45","end":"19:45","startHours":18.749355815562552,"endHours":19.749355815562552,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:45","end":"20:45","startHours":19.749355815562552,"endHours":20.749355815562552,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:45","end":"21:45","startHours":20.749355815562552,"endHours":21.749355815562552,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:45","end":"22:45","startHours":21.749355815562552,"endHours":22.749355815562552,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:45","end":"23:45","startHours":22.749355815562552,"endHours":23.749355815562552,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:45","end":"00:45","startHours":23.749355815562552,"endHours":24.749355815562552,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:45","end":"01:45","startHours":24.749355815562552,"endHours":25.749355815562552,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:45","end":"02:45","startHours":25.749355815562552,"endHours":26.749355815562552,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:45","end":"03:45","startHours":26.749355815562552,"endHours":27.749355815562552,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:45","end":"04:45","startHours":27.749355815562552,"endHours":28.749355815562552,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:45","end":"05:45","startHours":28.749355815562552,"endHours":29.749355815562552,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:45","end":"06:45","startHours":29.749355815562552,"endHours":30.749355815562552,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mausala","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-22.618577705003204,"eotMinutes":-5.452770624163118,"ayanamsa":23.8671}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2058,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1923,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1408,"malayalam_era":1177,"nanakshahi_year":532,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Daśamī · Vikram 2058 Jaya · Śaka 1923 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 5, 2001 CE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 5, 2001 CE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Śukla Daśamī, sūryodaya 06:45, sūryāsta 17:22.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2001-01-05","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2001-01-05","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2001-01-05","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2001-01-05","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/2001-01-05"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T11:37:26.892Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T11:37:26.892Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T11:37:26.892Z","pillar_versions":{"BOB-History":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}