{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:1998-08-12:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1998-08-12","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1998-08-12","date_display":"August 12, 1998 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1998,"month":8,"day":12,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451037.770833,"kali_year":5100,"ahargana":1862572.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":114.7244,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":345.5927,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":230.8684,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.8684},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":345.5927,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.2594},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":100.3171},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":38,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1998,"month":8,"day":12,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451037.770833,"ahargana":1862572.2708,"kali_year":5100,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8336,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":115.31759,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":348.05729,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.4908},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":90.52989000000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":118.84998999999999,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":333.22308999999996,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":94.55899,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":9.734390000000019,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":131.9578,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":311.9578,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1998,"month":8,"day":12,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451037.770833,"kali_year":5100,"ahargana":1862572.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":114.7244,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":345.5927,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":230.8684,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.8684},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":345.5927,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.2594},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":100.3171},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":38,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.491,"elongation":129.132},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.491,"opposition_distance":50.868}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":10,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.467,"elongation":1.174}]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:30","sunsetLocal":"18:36","solarNoonLocal":"12:03","dayLengthHours":13.104776432517971,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 06 Mins 17 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 53 Mins 43 Secs","moonriseLocal":"21:22","moonsetLocal":"09:45","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:03","end":"13:41","startHours":12.047393347264052,"endHours":13.6854904013288,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:08","end":"08:46","startHours":7.133102185069814,"endHours":8.77119923913456,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:25","end":"12:03","startHours":10.409296293199306,"endHours":12.047393347264052,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:33","end":"08:59","startHours":8.552786298592594,"endHours":8.989612179676527,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:02","end":"06:23","startHours":6.041037482359982,"endHours":6.390498187227128,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:37","end":"12:29","startHours":11.61056746618012,"endHours":12.484219228347984,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:45","end":"04:37","startHours":3.7477016066693376,"endHours":4.621353368837203,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:24","end":"05:30","startHours":4.402940428295237,"endHours":5.495005131005067,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:14","end":"15:06","startHours":14.231522752683714,"endHours":15.10517451485158,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:24","end":"18:48","startHours":18.39978156352304,"endHours":18.799781563523037,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:36","end":"19:09","startHours":18.599781563523038,"endHours":19.145813914877955,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:21","end":"20:06","startHours":18.349781563523038,"endHours":20.099781563523038,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:37","end":"00:29","startHours":23.610567466180118,"endHours":24.484219228347985,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"05:30","end":"07:08","startHours":5.495005131005067,"endHours":7.133102185069814,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:08","end":"08:46","startHours":7.133102185069814,"endHours":8.77119923913456,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:46","end":"10:25","startHours":8.77119923913456,"endHours":10.409296293199306,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:25","end":"12:03","startHours":10.409296293199306,"endHours":12.047393347264052,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:03","end":"13:41","startHours":12.047393347264052,"endHours":13.6854904013288,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:41","end":"15:19","startHours":13.6854904013288,"endHours":15.323587455393545,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:19","end":"16:58","startHours":15.323587455393545,"endHours":16.961684509458294,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:58","end":"18:36","startHours":16.961684509458294,"endHours":18.599781563523038,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:36","end":"19:58","startHours":18.599781563523038,"endHours":19.96168450945829,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:58","end":"21:19","startHours":19.96168450945829,"endHours":21.323587455393547,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:19","end":"22:41","startHours":21.323587455393547,"endHours":22.6854904013288,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:41","end":"00:03","startHours":22.6854904013288,"endHours":24.04739334726405,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:03","end":"01:25","startHours":24.04739334726405,"endHours":25.409296293199304,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:25","end":"02:46","startHours":25.409296293199304,"endHours":26.77119923913456,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:46","end":"04:08","startHours":26.77119923913456,"endHours":28.133102185069813,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:08","end":"05:30","startHours":28.133102185069813,"endHours":29.495005131005065,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:30","end":"06:30","startHours":5.495005131005067,"endHours":6.495005131005067,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:30","end":"07:30","startHours":6.495005131005067,"endHours":7.495005131005067,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:30","end":"08:30","startHours":7.495005131005067,"endHours":8.495005131005067,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:30","end":"09:30","startHours":8.495005131005067,"endHours":9.495005131005067,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:30","end":"10:30","startHours":9.495005131005067,"endHours":10.495005131005067,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:30","end":"11:30","startHours":10.495005131005067,"endHours":11.495005131005067,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:30","end":"12:30","startHours":11.495005131005067,"endHours":12.495005131005067,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:30","end":"13:30","startHours":12.495005131005067,"endHours":13.495005131005067,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:30","end":"14:30","startHours":13.495005131005067,"endHours":14.495005131005067,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:30","end":"15:30","startHours":14.495005131005067,"endHours":15.495005131005067,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:30","end":"16:30","startHours":15.495005131005067,"endHours":16.495005131005065,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:30","end":"17:30","startHours":16.495005131005065,"endHours":17.495005131005065,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:30","end":"18:30","startHours":17.495005131005065,"endHours":18.495005131005065,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:30","end":"19:30","startHours":18.495005131005065,"endHours":19.495005131005065,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:30","end":"20:30","startHours":19.495005131005065,"endHours":20.495005131005065,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:30","end":"21:30","startHours":20.495005131005065,"endHours":21.495005131005065,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:30","end":"22:30","startHours":21.495005131005065,"endHours":22.495005131005065,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:30","end":"23:30","startHours":22.495005131005065,"endHours":23.495005131005065,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:30","end":"00:30","startHours":23.495005131005065,"endHours":24.495005131005065,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:30","end":"01:30","startHours":24.495005131005065,"endHours":25.495005131005065,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:30","end":"02:30","startHours":25.495005131005065,"endHours":26.495005131005065,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:30","end":"03:30","startHours":26.495005131005065,"endHours":27.495005131005065,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:30","end":"04:30","startHours":27.495005131005065,"endHours":28.495005131005065,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:30","end":"05:30","startHours":28.495005131005065,"endHours":29.495005131005065,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mudgara","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":15.078546271763612,"eotMinutes":-4.739200835843176,"ayanamsa":23.8336}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2055,"vikram_samvatsara":"Khara","saka_samvat":1920,"saka_samvatsara":"Bahudhānya","bengali_samvat":1405,"malayalam_era":1174,"nanakshahi_year":529,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī · Vikram 2055 Khara · Śaka 1920 Bahudhānya"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga August 12, 1998 CE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"August 12, 1998 CE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī, sūryodaya 05:30, sūryāsta 18:36.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1998-08-12","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1998-08-12","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1998-08-12","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1998-08-12","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1998-08-12"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T15:56:03.588Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T15:56:03.588Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T15:56:03.588Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}