{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:1997-12-24:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1997-12-24","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1997-12-24","date_display":"December 24, 1997 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":12,"day":24,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450806.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862341.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":248.1351,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":181.4473,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":293.3122,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.3122},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":181.4473,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.114},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":69.5824},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":48,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1997,"month":12,"day":24,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450806.770833,"ahargana":1862341.2708,"kali_year":5099,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8248,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":248.435516,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":181.54351599999995,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.7221},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":280.707316,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":234.16801599999997,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":296.799616,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":279.97881600000005,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":349.725716,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":144.1973,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":324.1973,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":12,"day":24,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450806.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862341.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":248.1351,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":181.4473,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":293.3122,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.3122},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":181.4473,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.114},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":69.5824},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":48,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.722,"elongation":66.688},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.722,"opposition_distance":113.312}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:41","sunsetLocal":"17:15","solarNoonLocal":"11:58","dayLengthHours":10.560171135245598,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 33 Mins 37 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 26 Mins 23 Secs","moonriseLocal":"01:47","moonsetLocal":"13:14","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:58","end":"13:17","startHours":11.968831270066921,"endHours":13.28885266197262,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:01","end":"09:20","startHours":8.008767094349821,"endHours":9.32878848625552,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:39","end":"11:58","startHours":10.64880987816122,"endHours":11.968831270066921,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:09","end":"09:30","startHours":9.152785634001429,"endHours":9.504791338509614,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:08","end":"07:25","startHours":7.128752833079354,"endHours":7.410357396685904,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:37","end":"12:19","startHours":11.616825565558734,"endHours":12.320836974575109,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:17","end":"05:59","startHours":5.280722884411375,"endHours":5.984734293427748,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:49","end":"06:41","startHours":5.808731441173655,"endHours":6.6887457024441215,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:44","end":"14:26","startHours":13.728859792607853,"endHours":14.432871201624227,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:03","end":"17:27","startHours":17.04891683768972,"endHours":17.44891683768972,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:15","end":"17:41","startHours":17.24891683768972,"endHours":17.688923968324954,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:00","end":"18:45","startHours":16.99891683768972,"endHours":18.74891683768972,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:37","end":"00:19","startHours":23.616825565558734,"endHours":24.32083697457511,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:41","end":"08:01","startHours":6.6887457024441215,"endHours":8.008767094349821,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:01","end":"09:20","startHours":8.008767094349821,"endHours":9.32878848625552,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:20","end":"10:39","startHours":9.32878848625552,"endHours":10.64880987816122,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:39","end":"11:58","startHours":10.64880987816122,"endHours":11.968831270066921,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:58","end":"13:17","startHours":11.968831270066921,"endHours":13.28885266197262,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:17","end":"14:37","startHours":13.28885266197262,"endHours":14.60887405387832,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:37","end":"15:56","startHours":14.60887405387832,"endHours":15.92889544578402,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:56","end":"17:15","startHours":15.92889544578402,"endHours":17.24891683768972,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:15","end":"18:56","startHours":17.24891683768972,"endHours":18.92889544578402,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"18:56","end":"20:37","startHours":18.92889544578402,"endHours":20.60887405387832,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:37","end":"22:17","startHours":20.60887405387832,"endHours":22.28885266197262,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:17","end":"23:58","startHours":22.28885266197262,"endHours":23.96883127006692,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:58","end":"01:39","startHours":23.96883127006692,"endHours":25.64880987816122,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:39","end":"03:20","startHours":25.64880987816122,"endHours":27.32878848625552,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:20","end":"05:01","startHours":27.32878848625552,"endHours":29.00876709434982,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:01","end":"06:41","startHours":29.00876709434982,"endHours":30.688745702444123,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:41","end":"07:41","startHours":6.6887457024441215,"endHours":7.6887457024441215,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:41","end":"08:41","startHours":7.6887457024441215,"endHours":8.688745702444121,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:41","end":"09:41","startHours":8.688745702444121,"endHours":9.688745702444121,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:41","end":"10:41","startHours":9.688745702444121,"endHours":10.688745702444121,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:41","end":"11:41","startHours":10.688745702444121,"endHours":11.688745702444121,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:41","end":"12:41","startHours":11.688745702444121,"endHours":12.688745702444121,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:41","end":"13:41","startHours":12.688745702444121,"endHours":13.688745702444121,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:41","end":"14:41","startHours":13.688745702444121,"endHours":14.688745702444121,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:41","end":"15:41","startHours":14.688745702444121,"endHours":15.688745702444121,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:41","end":"16:41","startHours":15.688745702444121,"endHours":16.688745702444123,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:41","end":"17:41","startHours":16.688745702444123,"endHours":17.688745702444123,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:41","end":"18:41","startHours":17.688745702444123,"endHours":18.688745702444123,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:41","end":"19:41","startHours":18.688745702444123,"endHours":19.688745702444123,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:41","end":"20:41","startHours":19.688745702444123,"endHours":20.688745702444123,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:41","end":"21:41","startHours":20.688745702444123,"endHours":21.688745702444123,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:41","end":"22:41","startHours":21.688745702444123,"endHours":22.688745702444123,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:41","end":"23:41","startHours":22.688745702444123,"endHours":23.688745702444123,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:41","end":"00:41","startHours":23.688745702444123,"endHours":24.688745702444123,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:41","end":"01:41","startHours":24.688745702444123,"endHours":25.688745702444123,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:41","end":"02:41","startHours":25.688745702444123,"endHours":26.688745702444123,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:41","end":"03:41","startHours":26.688745702444123,"endHours":27.688745702444123,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:41","end":"04:41","startHours":27.688745702444123,"endHours":28.688745702444123,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:41","end":"05:41","startHours":28.688745702444123,"endHours":29.688745702444123,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:41","end":"06:41","startHours":29.688745702444123,"endHours":30.688745702444123,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Cara","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-23.41717667261296,"eotMinutes":-0.025476204015291604,"ayanamsa":23.8248}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2054,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vikṛti","saka_samvat":1919,"saka_samvatsara":"Īśvara","bengali_samvat":1404,"malayalam_era":1173,"nanakshahi_year":528,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Daśamī · Vikram 2054 Vikṛti · Śaka 1919 Īśvara"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 24, 1997 CE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 24, 1997 CE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Kṛṣṇa Daśamī, sūryodaya 06:41, sūryāsta 17:15.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1997-12-24","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1997-12-24","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1997-12-24","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1997-12-24","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1997-12-24"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T15:59:47.289Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T15:59:47.289Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T15:59:47.289Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}