{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:1997-03-22:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1997-03-22","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1997-03-22","date_display":"March 22, 1997 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":3,"day":22,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450529.770833,"kali_year":5098,"ahargana":1862064.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":337.828,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":133.2028,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":155.3748,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.3748},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":133.2028,"elapsed_within_degrees":13.2028},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":111.0309},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":25,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1997,"month":3,"day":22,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450529.770833,"ahargana":1862064.2708,"kali_year":5098,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8142,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":337.6435,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":134.1019,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.9478},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":151.0706,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":347.7974,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":289.38800000000003,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":334.7735,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":345.3218,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":158.8741,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":338.8741,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":3,"day":22,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450529.770833,"kali_year":5098,"ahargana":1862064.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":337.828,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":133.2028,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":155.3748,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.3748},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":133.2028,"elapsed_within_degrees":13.2028},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":111.0309},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":25,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.948,"elongation":155.375},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.948,"opposition_distance":24.625}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-13,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":1.134,"elongation":0.078},{"offset_days":2,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.031,"opposition_distance":1.434}]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:01","sunsetLocal":"18:10","solarNoonLocal":"12:06","dayLengthHours":12.15944959927173,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 09 Mins 34 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 50 Mins 26 Secs","moonriseLocal":"16:12","moonsetLocal":"04:50","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:03","end":"10:34","startHours":9.054044266848734,"endHours":10.5739754667577,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:37","end":"15:08","startHours":13.613837866575633,"endHours":15.133769066484598,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:01","end":"07:32","startHours":6.014181867030802,"endHours":7.534113066939768,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:51","end":"09:15","startHours":8.851386773527539,"endHours":9.256701760169928,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:31","end":"06:51","startHours":6.52082560033379,"endHours":6.845077589647703,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:41","end":"12:30","startHours":11.688591680024274,"endHours":12.499221653309057,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:24","end":"05:12","startHours":4.392921920461237,"endHours":5.2035518937460195,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:00","end":"06:01","startHours":5.000894400424825,"endHours":6.014181867030802,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:07","end":"14:56","startHours":14.120481599878621,"endHours":14.931111573163403,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:58","end":"18:22","startHours":17.973631466302532,"endHours":18.37363146630253,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:10","end":"18:41","startHours":18.17363146630253,"endHours":18.68027519960552,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:55","end":"19:40","startHours":17.92363146630253,"endHours":19.67363146630253,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:41","end":"00:30","startHours":23.688591680024274,"endHours":24.499221653309057,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:01","end":"07:32","startHours":6.014181867030802,"endHours":7.534113066939768,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:32","end":"09:03","startHours":7.534113066939768,"endHours":9.054044266848734,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:03","end":"10:34","startHours":9.054044266848734,"endHours":10.5739754667577,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:34","end":"12:06","startHours":10.5739754667577,"endHours":12.093906666666665,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:06","end":"13:37","startHours":12.093906666666665,"endHours":13.613837866575633,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:37","end":"15:08","startHours":13.613837866575633,"endHours":15.133769066484598,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:08","end":"16:39","startHours":15.133769066484598,"endHours":16.653700266393564,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:39","end":"18:10","startHours":16.653700266393564,"endHours":18.17363146630253,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:10","end":"19:39","startHours":18.17363146630253,"endHours":19.653700266393564,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:39","end":"21:08","startHours":19.653700266393564,"endHours":21.1337690664846,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:08","end":"22:37","startHours":21.1337690664846,"endHours":22.613837866575633,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:37","end":"00:06","startHours":22.613837866575633,"endHours":24.093906666666665,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:06","end":"01:34","startHours":24.093906666666665,"endHours":25.5739754667577,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:34","end":"03:03","startHours":25.5739754667577,"endHours":27.054044266848734,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:03","end":"04:32","startHours":27.054044266848734,"endHours":28.534113066939767,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:32","end":"06:01","startHours":28.534113066939767,"endHours":30.0141818670308,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:01","end":"07:01","startHours":6.014181867030802,"endHours":7.014181867030802,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:01","end":"08:01","startHours":7.014181867030802,"endHours":8.014181867030802,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:01","end":"09:01","startHours":8.014181867030802,"endHours":9.014181867030802,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:01","end":"10:01","startHours":9.014181867030802,"endHours":10.014181867030802,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:01","end":"11:01","startHours":10.014181867030802,"endHours":11.014181867030802,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:01","end":"12:01","startHours":11.014181867030802,"endHours":12.014181867030802,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:01","end":"13:01","startHours":12.014181867030802,"endHours":13.014181867030802,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:01","end":"14:01","startHours":13.014181867030802,"endHours":14.014181867030802,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:01","end":"15:01","startHours":14.014181867030802,"endHours":15.014181867030802,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:01","end":"16:01","startHours":15.014181867030802,"endHours":16.0141818670308,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:01","end":"17:01","startHours":16.0141818670308,"endHours":17.0141818670308,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:01","end":"18:01","startHours":17.0141818670308,"endHours":18.0141818670308,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:01","end":"19:01","startHours":18.0141818670308,"endHours":19.0141818670308,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:01","end":"20:01","startHours":19.0141818670308,"endHours":20.0141818670308,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:01","end":"21:01","startHours":20.0141818670308,"endHours":21.0141818670308,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:01","end":"22:01","startHours":21.0141818670308,"endHours":22.0141818670308,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:01","end":"23:01","startHours":22.0141818670308,"endHours":23.0141818670308,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:01","end":"00:01","startHours":23.0141818670308,"endHours":24.0141818670308,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:01","end":"01:01","startHours":24.0141818670308,"endHours":25.0141818670308,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:01","end":"02:01","startHours":25.0141818670308,"endHours":26.0141818670308,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:01","end":"03:01","startHours":26.0141818670308,"endHours":27.0141818670308,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:01","end":"04:01","startHours":27.0141818670308,"endHours":28.0141818670308,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:01","end":"05:01","startHours":28.0141818670308,"endHours":29.0141818670308,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:01","end":"06:01","startHours":29.0141818670308,"endHours":30.0141818670308,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvānkṣa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":0.579721956209448,"eotMinutes":-7.53,"ayanamsa":23.8142}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2054,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vikṛti","saka_samvat":1919,"saka_samvatsara":"Īśvara","bengali_samvat":1404,"malayalam_era":1173,"nanakshahi_year":528,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Śukla Trayodaśī · Vikram 2054 Vikṛti · Śaka 1919 Īśvara"},"festivals":[{"id":"mina-sankranti","name":"Mīna Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"मीन सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Pisces; Mīna-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Mīna"},"precedence":5},{"id":"pradosha-vrata","name":"Pradoṣa Vrata","name_sanskrit":"प्रदोष व्रत","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Twilight worship of Śiva on Trayodaśī.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":13},{"tithi_number":28}]},"precedence":7}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 22, 1997 CE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 22, 1997 CE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Śukla Trayodaśī, sūryodaya 06:01, sūryāsta 18:10.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1997-03-22","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1997-03-22","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1997-03-22","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1997-03-22","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1997-03-22"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T12:40:27.038Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T12:40:27.038Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T12:40:27.038Z","pillar_versions":{"BOB-History":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}