{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:1997-01-03:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1997-01-03","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1997-01-03","date_display":"January 3, 1997 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":1,"day":3,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450451.770833,"kali_year":5098,"ahargana":1861986.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":258.6809,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":182.4962,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":283.8154,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.8154},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":182.4962,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.1629},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":81.1771},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":47,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1997,"month":1,"day":3,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450451.770833,"ahargana":1861986.2708,"kali_year":5098,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8112,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":258.88748,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":179.84737999999993,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.5},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":156.05978000000005,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":256.54058,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":271.89038000000005,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":237.24108,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":337.61798,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":163.0069,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":343.0069,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":1,"day":3,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450451.770833,"kali_year":5098,"ahargana":1861986.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":258.6809,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":182.4962,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":283.8154,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.8154},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":182.4962,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.1629},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":81.1771},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":47,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.5,"elongation":76.185},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.5,"opposition_distance":103.815}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:45","sunsetLocal":"17:21","solarNoonLocal":"12:03","dayLengthHours":10.604107089413361,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 36 Mins 15 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 23 Mins 45 Secs","moonriseLocal":"01:01","moonsetLocal":"12:32","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:43","end":"12:03","startHours":10.719383627667632,"endHours":12.044897013844302,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:42","end":"16:01","startHours":14.695923786197643,"endHours":16.021437172374313,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:04","end":"09:24","startHours":8.068356855314292,"endHours":9.393870241490962,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:13","end":"09:34","startHours":9.21713512333407,"endHours":9.57060535964785,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:11","end":"07:28","startHours":7.184681264529845,"endHours":7.4674574535808675,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:41","end":"12:24","startHours":11.691426777530523,"endHours":12.398367250158081,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:20","end":"06:02","startHours":5.328962523882506,"endHours":6.035902996510064,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:52","end":"06:45","startHours":5.859167878353174,"endHours":6.742843469137621,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:49","end":"14:31","startHours":13.812248195413195,"endHours":14.519188668040753,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:09","end":"17:33","startHours":17.146950558550984,"endHours":17.546950558550982,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:21","end":"17:47","startHours":17.346950558550983,"endHours":17.788788353943207,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:06","end":"18:51","startHours":17.096950558550983,"endHours":18.846950558550983,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:41","end":"00:24","startHours":23.691426777530523,"endHours":24.39836725015808,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"06:45","end":"08:04","startHours":6.742843469137621,"endHours":8.068356855314292,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:04","end":"09:24","startHours":8.068356855314292,"endHours":9.393870241490962,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:24","end":"10:43","startHours":9.393870241490962,"endHours":10.719383627667632,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:43","end":"12:03","startHours":10.719383627667632,"endHours":12.044897013844302,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:03","end":"13:22","startHours":12.044897013844302,"endHours":13.370410400020972,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:22","end":"14:42","startHours":13.370410400020972,"endHours":14.695923786197643,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:42","end":"16:01","startHours":14.695923786197643,"endHours":16.021437172374313,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:01","end":"17:21","startHours":16.021437172374313,"endHours":17.346950558550983,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"17:21","end":"19:01","startHours":17.346950558550983,"endHours":19.021437172374313,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:01","end":"20:42","startHours":19.021437172374313,"endHours":20.695923786197643,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:42","end":"22:22","startHours":20.695923786197643,"endHours":22.370410400020972,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:22","end":"00:03","startHours":22.370410400020972,"endHours":24.044897013844302,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:03","end":"01:43","startHours":24.044897013844302,"endHours":25.719383627667632,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:43","end":"03:24","startHours":25.719383627667632,"endHours":27.393870241490962,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:24","end":"05:04","startHours":27.393870241490962,"endHours":29.068356855314292,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"05:04","end":"06:45","startHours":29.068356855314292,"endHours":30.742843469137622,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:45","end":"07:45","startHours":6.742843469137621,"endHours":7.742843469137621,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:45","end":"08:45","startHours":7.742843469137621,"endHours":8.742843469137622,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:45","end":"09:45","startHours":8.742843469137622,"endHours":9.742843469137622,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:45","end":"10:45","startHours":9.742843469137622,"endHours":10.742843469137622,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:45","end":"11:45","startHours":10.742843469137622,"endHours":11.742843469137622,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:45","end":"12:45","startHours":11.742843469137622,"endHours":12.742843469137622,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:45","end":"13:45","startHours":12.742843469137622,"endHours":13.742843469137622,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:45","end":"14:45","startHours":13.742843469137622,"endHours":14.742843469137622,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:45","end":"15:45","startHours":14.742843469137622,"endHours":15.742843469137622,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:45","end":"16:45","startHours":15.742843469137622,"endHours":16.742843469137622,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:45","end":"17:45","startHours":16.742843469137622,"endHours":17.742843469137622,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:45","end":"18:45","startHours":17.742843469137622,"endHours":18.742843469137622,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:45","end":"19:45","startHours":18.742843469137622,"endHours":19.742843469137622,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:45","end":"20:45","startHours":19.742843469137622,"endHours":20.742843469137622,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:45","end":"21:45","startHours":20.742843469137622,"endHours":21.742843469137622,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:45","end":"22:45","startHours":21.742843469137622,"endHours":22.742843469137622,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:45","end":"23:45","startHours":22.742843469137622,"endHours":23.742843469137622,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:45","end":"00:45","startHours":23.742843469137622,"endHours":24.742843469137622,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:45","end":"01:45","startHours":24.742843469137622,"endHours":25.742843469137622,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:45","end":"02:45","startHours":25.742843469137622,"endHours":26.742843469137622,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:45","end":"03:45","startHours":26.742843469137622,"endHours":27.742843469137622,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:45","end":"04:45","startHours":27.742843469137622,"endHours":28.742843469137622,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:45","end":"05:45","startHours":28.742843469137622,"endHours":29.742843469137622,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:45","end":"06:45","startHours":29.742843469137622,"endHours":30.742843469137622,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvānkṣa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-22.83034500584671,"eotMinutes":-4.589420830658165,"ayanamsa":23.8112}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2054,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vikṛti","saka_samvat":1919,"saka_samvatsara":"Īśvara","bengali_samvat":1404,"malayalam_era":1173,"nanakshahi_year":528,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Navamī · Vikram 2054 Vikṛti · Śaka 1919 Īśvara"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 3, 1997 CE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 3, 1997 CE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Kṛṣṇa Navamī, sūryodaya 06:45, sūryāsta 17:21.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1997-01-03","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1997-01-03","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1997-01-03","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1997-01-03","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1997-01-03"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T12:09:14.286Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T12:09:14.286Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T12:09:14.286Z","pillar_versions":{"BOB-History":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}