{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:1978-11-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1978-11-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1978-11-28","date_display":"November 28, 1978 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":11,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443840.770833,"kali_year":5080,"ahargana":1855375.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":221.413,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":191.2819,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":28,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":329.8689,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.8689},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":191.2819,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.6153},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":52.6949},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":54,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1978,"month":11,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443840.770833,"ahargana":1855375.2708,"kali_year":5080,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.5583,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":221.88676899999996,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":191.84476900000004,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.7682},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":235.70746899999995,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":238.17696899999999,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":105.18486899999999,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":194.07516899999996,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":139.58986900000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":153.2895,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":333.2895,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":11,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443840.770833,"kali_year":5080,"ahargana":1855375.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":221.413,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":191.2819,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":28,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":329.8689,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.8689},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":191.2819,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.6153},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":52.6949},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":54,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.768,"elongation":30.131},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.768,"opposition_distance":149.869}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:25","sunsetLocal":"17:09","solarNoonLocal":"11:47","dayLengthHours":10.723455962361461,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 43 Mins 24 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 16 Mins 36 Secs","moonriseLocal":"04:10","moonsetLocal":"15:24","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:28","end":"15:48","startHours":14.462192888196109,"endHours":15.802624883491292,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:06","end":"10:26","startHours":9.100464907015379,"endHours":10.440896902310561,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:47","end":"13:07","startHours":11.781328897605743,"endHours":13.121760892900927,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:55","end":"09:17","startHours":8.92174064097602,"endHours":9.279189173054736,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:52","end":"07:09","startHours":6.8664115815234075,"endHours":7.15237040718638,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:25","end":"12:08","startHours":11.423880365527028,"endHours":12.138777429684458,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:59","end":"05:42","startHours":4.989806788110152,"endHours":5.704703852267582,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:32","end":"06:25","startHours":5.525979586228225,"endHours":6.419600916425013,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:34","end":"14:17","startHours":13.56857155799932,"endHours":14.28346862215675,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"16:57","end":"17:21","startHours":16.943056878786475,"endHours":17.343056878786474,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:09","end":"17:35","startHours":17.143056878786474,"endHours":17.589867543884868,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"16:54","end":"18:39","startHours":16.893056878786474,"endHours":18.643056878786474,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:25","end":"00:08","startHours":23.423880365527026,"endHours":24.13877742968446,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"06:25","end":"07:46","startHours":6.419600916425013,"endHours":7.760032911720196,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:46","end":"09:06","startHours":7.760032911720196,"endHours":9.100464907015379,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:06","end":"10:26","startHours":9.100464907015379,"endHours":10.440896902310561,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:26","end":"11:47","startHours":10.440896902310561,"endHours":11.781328897605743,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:47","end":"13:07","startHours":11.781328897605743,"endHours":13.121760892900927,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:07","end":"14:28","startHours":13.121760892900927,"endHours":14.462192888196109,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:28","end":"15:48","startHours":14.462192888196109,"endHours":15.802624883491292,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:48","end":"17:09","startHours":15.802624883491292,"endHours":17.143056878786474,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:09","end":"18:48","startHours":17.143056878786474,"endHours":18.80262488349129,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:48","end":"20:28","startHours":18.80262488349129,"endHours":20.46219288819611,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:28","end":"22:07","startHours":20.46219288819611,"endHours":22.121760892900927,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:07","end":"23:47","startHours":22.121760892900927,"endHours":23.781328897605743,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:47","end":"01:26","startHours":23.781328897605743,"endHours":25.440896902310563,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:26","end":"03:06","startHours":25.440896902310563,"endHours":27.10046490701538,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:06","end":"04:46","startHours":27.10046490701538,"endHours":28.760032911720195,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:46","end":"06:25","startHours":28.760032911720195,"endHours":30.41960091642501,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:25","end":"07:25","startHours":6.419600916425013,"endHours":7.419600916425013,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:25","end":"08:25","startHours":7.419600916425013,"endHours":8.419600916425013,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:25","end":"09:25","startHours":8.419600916425013,"endHours":9.419600916425013,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:25","end":"10:25","startHours":9.419600916425013,"endHours":10.419600916425013,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:25","end":"11:25","startHours":10.419600916425013,"endHours":11.419600916425013,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:25","end":"12:25","startHours":11.419600916425013,"endHours":12.419600916425013,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:25","end":"13:25","startHours":12.419600916425013,"endHours":13.419600916425013,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:25","end":"14:25","startHours":13.419600916425013,"endHours":14.419600916425013,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:25","end":"15:25","startHours":14.419600916425013,"endHours":15.419600916425013,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:25","end":"16:25","startHours":15.419600916425013,"endHours":16.41960091642501,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:25","end":"17:25","startHours":16.41960091642501,"endHours":17.41960091642501,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:25","end":"18:25","startHours":17.41960091642501,"endHours":18.41960091642501,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:25","end":"19:25","startHours":18.41960091642501,"endHours":19.41960091642501,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:25","end":"20:25","startHours":19.41960091642501,"endHours":20.41960091642501,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:25","end":"21:25","startHours":20.41960091642501,"endHours":21.41960091642501,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:25","end":"22:25","startHours":21.41960091642501,"endHours":22.41960091642501,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:25","end":"23:25","startHours":22.41960091642501,"endHours":23.41960091642501,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:25","end":"00:25","startHours":23.41960091642501,"endHours":24.41960091642501,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:25","end":"01:25","startHours":24.41960091642501,"endHours":25.41960091642501,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:25","end":"02:25","startHours":25.41960091642501,"endHours":26.41960091642501,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:25","end":"03:25","startHours":26.41960091642501,"endHours":27.41960091642501,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:25","end":"04:25","startHours":27.41960091642501,"endHours":28.41960091642501,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:25","end":"05:25","startHours":28.41960091642501,"endHours":29.41960091642501,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:25","end":"06:25","startHours":29.41960091642501,"endHours":30.41960091642501,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Gada","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-21.20849759778217,"eotMinutes":11.224666143655435,"ayanamsa":23.5583}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2035,"vikram_samvatsara":"Prajāpati","saka_samvat":1900,"saka_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","bengali_samvat":1385,"malayalam_era":1154,"nanakshahi_year":509,"lunar_month":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Mārgaśīrṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Vṛścika (Kārttikai)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Mārgaśīrṣa Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī · Vikram 2035 Prajāpati · Śaka 1900 Kālayukta"},"festivals":[{"id":"vrischika-sankranti","name":"Vṛścika Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"वृश्चिक सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Scorpio.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Vṛścika"},"precedence":5},{"id":"pradosha-vrata","name":"Pradoṣa Vrata","name_sanskrit":"प्रदोष व्रत","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Twilight worship of Śiva on Trayodaśī.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":13},{"tithi_number":28}]},"precedence":7}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga November 28, 1978 CE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"November 28, 1978 CE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī, sūryodaya 06:25, sūryāsta 17:09.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1978-11-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1978-11-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1978-11-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1978-11-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1978-11-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T15:56:53.996Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T15:56:53.996Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T15:56:53.996Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}