{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:1978-04-22:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1978-04-22","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1978-04-22","date_display":"April 22, 1978 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":4,"day":22,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443620.770833,"kali_year":5080,"ahargana":1855155.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":8.1697,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":172.7112,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":14,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":164.5416,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.5416},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4,"moon_longitude":172.7112,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.7112},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":180.8809},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":27,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1978,"month":4,"day":22,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443620.770833,"ahargana":1855155.2708,"kali_year":5080,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.5499,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":8.016474000000017,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":173.398374,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.6074},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":100.98817400000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":352.159374,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":67.73207400000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":30.327473999999995,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":120.02777400000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":164.9461,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":344.9461,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":4,"day":22,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443620.770833,"kali_year":5080,"ahargana":1855155.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":8.1697,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":172.7112,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":14,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":164.5416,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.5416},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4,"moon_longitude":172.7112,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.7112},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":180.8809},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":27,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.607,"elongation":164.542},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.607,"opposition_distance":15.458}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:30","sunsetLocal":"18:24","solarNoonLocal":"11:57","dayLengthHours":12.897001165715862,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 53 Mins 49 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 06 Mins 11 Secs","moonriseLocal":"17:08","moonsetLocal":"04:48","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:43","end":"10:20","startHours":8.720839570831844,"endHours":10.332964716546325,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:33","end":"15:10","startHours":13.55721500797529,"endHours":15.169340153689774,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:30","end":"07:07","startHours":5.496589279402878,"endHours":7.108714425117361,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:30","end":"08:56","startHours":8.505889551403246,"endHours":8.935789590260441,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:02","end":"06:23","startHours":6.033964327974372,"endHours":6.377884359060128,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:31","end":"12:22","startHours":11.515189823403615,"endHours":12.374989901118004,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:47","end":"04:38","startHours":3.7769891239740963,"endHours":4.636789201688487,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:25","end":"05:30","startHours":4.421839182259889,"endHours":5.496589279402878,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:06","end":"14:57","startHours":14.094590056546787,"endHours":14.954390134261178,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:12","end":"18:36","startHours":18.19359044511874,"endHours":18.59359044511874,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:24","end":"18:56","startHours":18.39359044511874,"endHours":18.930965493690234,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:09","end":"19:54","startHours":18.14359044511874,"endHours":19.89359044511874,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:31","end":"00:22","startHours":23.515189823403613,"endHours":24.374989901118003,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:30","end":"07:07","startHours":5.496589279402878,"endHours":7.108714425117361,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:07","end":"08:43","startHours":7.108714425117361,"endHours":8.720839570831844,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:43","end":"10:20","startHours":8.720839570831844,"endHours":10.332964716546325,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:20","end":"11:57","startHours":10.332964716546325,"endHours":11.945089862260808,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:57","end":"13:33","startHours":11.945089862260808,"endHours":13.55721500797529,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:33","end":"15:10","startHours":13.55721500797529,"endHours":15.169340153689774,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:10","end":"16:47","startHours":15.169340153689774,"endHours":16.781465299404257,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:47","end":"18:24","startHours":16.781465299404257,"endHours":18.39359044511874,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:24","end":"19:47","startHours":18.39359044511874,"endHours":19.781465299404257,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:47","end":"21:10","startHours":19.781465299404257,"endHours":21.169340153689774,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:10","end":"22:33","startHours":21.169340153689774,"endHours":22.55721500797529,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:33","end":"23:57","startHours":22.55721500797529,"endHours":23.945089862260808,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:57","end":"01:20","startHours":23.945089862260808,"endHours":25.332964716546325,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:20","end":"02:43","startHours":25.332964716546325,"endHours":26.720839570831842,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:43","end":"04:07","startHours":26.720839570831842,"endHours":28.108714425117363,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:07","end":"05:30","startHours":28.108714425117363,"endHours":29.496589279402876,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:30","end":"06:30","startHours":5.496589279402878,"endHours":6.496589279402878,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:30","end":"07:30","startHours":6.496589279402878,"endHours":7.496589279402878,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:30","end":"08:30","startHours":7.496589279402878,"endHours":8.496589279402878,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:30","end":"09:30","startHours":8.496589279402878,"endHours":9.496589279402878,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:30","end":"10:30","startHours":9.496589279402878,"endHours":10.496589279402878,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:30","end":"11:30","startHours":10.496589279402878,"endHours":11.496589279402878,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:30","end":"12:30","startHours":11.496589279402878,"endHours":12.496589279402878,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:30","end":"13:30","startHours":12.496589279402878,"endHours":13.496589279402878,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:30","end":"14:30","startHours":13.496589279402878,"endHours":14.496589279402878,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:30","end":"15:30","startHours":14.496589279402878,"endHours":15.496589279402878,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:30","end":"16:30","startHours":15.496589279402878,"endHours":16.496589279402876,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:30","end":"17:30","startHours":16.496589279402876,"endHours":17.496589279402876,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:30","end":"18:30","startHours":17.496589279402876,"endHours":18.496589279402876,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:30","end":"19:30","startHours":18.496589279402876,"endHours":19.496589279402876,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:30","end":"20:30","startHours":19.496589279402876,"endHours":20.496589279402876,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:30","end":"21:30","startHours":20.496589279402876,"endHours":21.496589279402876,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:30","end":"22:30","startHours":21.496589279402876,"endHours":22.496589279402876,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:30","end":"23:30","startHours":22.496589279402876,"endHours":23.496589279402876,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:30","end":"00:30","startHours":23.496589279402876,"endHours":24.496589279402876,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:30","end":"01:30","startHours":24.496589279402876,"endHours":25.496589279402876,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:30","end":"02:30","startHours":25.496589279402876,"endHours":26.496589279402876,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:30","end":"03:30","startHours":26.496589279402876,"endHours":27.496589279402876,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:30","end":"04:30","startHours":27.496589279402876,"endHours":28.496589279402876,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:30","end":"05:30","startHours":28.496589279402876,"endHours":29.496589279402876,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Vajra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":12.017319351009043,"eotMinutes":1.3990082643513926,"ayanamsa":23.5499}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2035,"vikram_samvatsara":"Prajāpati","saka_samvat":1900,"saka_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","bengali_samvat":1385,"malayalam_era":1154,"nanakshahi_year":509,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Śukla Caturdaśī · Vikram 2035 Prajāpati · Śaka 1900 Kālayukta"},"festivals":[{"id":"narasimha-jayanti","name":"Narasiṁha Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"नरसिंह जयन्ती","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Narasiṁha (avatar of Krishna)","deity_avatara_index":14,"significance":"Bhagavān Narasiṁha manifested to protect the bhakta Prahlāda. Krishna's fierce protective form.","vrata":true,"primary_observance":"Sandhyā (twilight) abhiṣekam; recitation of Narasiṁha-Stotra","detection":{"tithi_number":14,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Vaiśākha"},"precedence":1,"related_chart":"narasimha","sources":["Bhāgavata Purāṇa 7.8"]},{"id":"mesha-sankranti","name":"Meṣa Saṅkrānti (Vaiśākhī / Vishu / Pohelā Boishākh / Bihu)","name_sanskrit":"मेष सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aries; solar new year. Regional: Vaiśākhī (Punjab) · Vishu (Kerala) · Pohelā Boishākh (Bengal) · Bihu (Assam) · Tamil Puthāṇḍu.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":1},{"id":"baisakhi","name":"Baisakhi (Vaiśākhī)","name_sanskrit":"वैशाखी","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya + Khalsa Pantha (Sikh)","significance":"Punjab New Year + Sikh Khalsa founding day.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":2},{"id":"chhinnamasta-jayanti","name":"Chhinnamastā Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"छिन्नमस्ता जयन्ती","tradition":"Shakta","associated_deity":"Devī Chhinnamastā (6th of 10 Mahāvidyās)","significance":"The 6th of the Daśa Mahāvidyās. Devī's self-decapitation form representing transcendence of ego.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":14,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Vaiśākha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"narasimha-jayanti-walk","name":"Narasiṁha Jayantī Walk","name_sanskrit":"नरसिंह जयन्ती यात्रा","type":"festival","description":"Bhāgavata 7.8 (Prahlāda-Narasiṁha) + protective verses.","step_count":9,"url":"/walk/narasimha-jayanti-walk"},"reason":"Today is Narasiṁha Jayantī — its dedicated walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 22, 1978 CE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 22, 1978 CE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Śukla Caturdaśī, sūryodaya 05:30, sūryāsta 18:24.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1978-04-22","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1978-04-22","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1978-04-22","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1978-04-22","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1978-04-22"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T14:51:17.554Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T14:51:17.554Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T14:51:17.554Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}