{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:1971-03-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1971-03-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1971-03-01","date_display":"March 1, 1971 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1971,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441011.770833,"kali_year":5072,"ahargana":1852546.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.5657,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":4.5408,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":47.9751,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.9751},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":4.5408,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.5408},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":321.1066},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":7,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1971,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441011.770833,"ahargana":1852546.2708,"kali_year":5072,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.4501,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.34615699999995,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":7.312956999999983,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.9484},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":239.965557,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":311.79095699999993,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":222.99025700000004,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":273.390357,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":24.286157000000003,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":303.1835,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":123.1835,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1971,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2441011.770833,"kali_year":5072,"ahargana":1852546.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.5657,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":4.5408,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":47.9751,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.9751},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":4.5408,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.5408},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":321.1066},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":7,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.948,"elongation":47.975},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.948,"opposition_distance":132.025}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-19,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.69,"opposition_distance":1.965}]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:22","sunsetLocal":"18:00","solarNoonLocal":"12:11","dayLengthHours":11.62271163484066,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 37 Mins 22 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 22 Mins 38 Secs","moonriseLocal":"09:10","moonsetLocal":"22:00","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:50","end":"09:17","startHours":7.827275472886666,"endHours":9.280114427241749,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:44","end":"12:11","startHours":10.73295338159683,"endHours":12.185792335951913,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:38","end":"15:05","startHours":13.638631290306996,"endHours":15.091470244662078,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:05","end":"09:28","startHours":9.086402566661071,"endHours":9.473826287822426,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:52","end":"07:10","startHours":6.8587161699832775,"endHours":7.168655146912362,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:48","end":"12:34","startHours":11.798368614790558,"endHours":12.573216057113267,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:49","end":"05:36","startHours":4.824741633886162,"endHours":5.599589076208872,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:24","end":"06:22","startHours":5.405877215628195,"endHours":6.374436518531583,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:07","end":"14:54","startHours":14.12291094175869,"endHours":14.897758384081401,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:48","end":"18:12","startHours":17.797148153372245,"endHours":18.197148153372243,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:00","end":"18:29","startHours":17.997148153372244,"endHours":18.481427804823937,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:45","end":"19:30","startHours":17.747148153372244,"endHours":19.497148153372244,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:48","end":"00:34","startHours":23.798368614790558,"endHours":24.573216057113267,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:22","end":"07:50","startHours":6.374436518531583,"endHours":7.827275472886666,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:50","end":"09:17","startHours":7.827275472886666,"endHours":9.280114427241749,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:17","end":"10:44","startHours":9.280114427241749,"endHours":10.73295338159683,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:44","end":"12:11","startHours":10.73295338159683,"endHours":12.185792335951913,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:11","end":"13:38","startHours":12.185792335951913,"endHours":13.638631290306996,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:38","end":"15:05","startHours":13.638631290306996,"endHours":15.091470244662078,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:05","end":"16:33","startHours":15.091470244662078,"endHours":16.544309199017164,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:33","end":"18:00","startHours":16.544309199017164,"endHours":17.997148153372244,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:00","end":"19:33","startHours":17.997148153372244,"endHours":19.54430919901716,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:33","end":"21:05","startHours":19.54430919901716,"endHours":21.09147024466208,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:05","end":"22:38","startHours":21.09147024466208,"endHours":22.638631290306996,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:38","end":"00:11","startHours":22.638631290306996,"endHours":24.185792335951913,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:11","end":"01:44","startHours":24.185792335951913,"endHours":25.73295338159683,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:44","end":"03:17","startHours":25.73295338159683,"endHours":27.28011442724175,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:17","end":"04:50","startHours":27.28011442724175,"endHours":28.827275472886665,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:50","end":"06:22","startHours":28.827275472886665,"endHours":30.37443651853158,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:22","end":"07:22","startHours":6.374436518531583,"endHours":7.374436518531583,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:22","end":"08:22","startHours":7.374436518531583,"endHours":8.374436518531583,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:22","end":"09:22","startHours":8.374436518531583,"endHours":9.374436518531583,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:22","end":"10:22","startHours":9.374436518531583,"endHours":10.374436518531583,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:22","end":"11:22","startHours":10.374436518531583,"endHours":11.374436518531583,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:22","end":"12:22","startHours":11.374436518531583,"endHours":12.374436518531583,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:22","end":"13:22","startHours":12.374436518531583,"endHours":13.374436518531583,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:22","end":"14:22","startHours":13.374436518531583,"endHours":14.374436518531583,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:22","end":"15:22","startHours":14.374436518531583,"endHours":15.374436518531583,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:22","end":"16:22","startHours":15.374436518531583,"endHours":16.37443651853158,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:22","end":"17:22","startHours":16.37443651853158,"endHours":17.37443651853158,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:22","end":"18:22","startHours":17.37443651853158,"endHours":18.37443651853158,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:22","end":"19:22","startHours":18.37443651853158,"endHours":19.37443651853158,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:22","end":"20:22","startHours":19.37443651853158,"endHours":20.37443651853158,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:22","end":"21:22","startHours":20.37443651853158,"endHours":21.37443651853158,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:22","end":"22:22","startHours":21.37443651853158,"endHours":22.37443651853158,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:22","end":"23:22","startHours":22.37443651853158,"endHours":23.37443651853158,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:22","end":"00:22","startHours":23.37443651853158,"endHours":24.37443651853158,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:22","end":"01:22","startHours":24.37443651853158,"endHours":25.37443651853158,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:22","end":"02:22","startHours":25.37443651853158,"endHours":26.37443651853158,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:22","end":"03:22","startHours":26.37443651853158,"endHours":27.37443651853158,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:22","end":"04:22","startHours":27.37443651853158,"endHours":28.37443651853158,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:22","end":"05:22","startHours":28.37443651853158,"endHours":29.37443651853158,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:22","end":"06:22","startHours":29.37443651853158,"endHours":30.37443651853158,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Saumya","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-7.8951492248973185,"eotMinutes":-13.043140157114735,"ayanamsa":23.4501}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2028,"vikram_samvatsara":"Raktākṣī","saka_samvat":1893,"saka_samvatsara":"Virodhakṛt","bengali_samvat":1378,"malayalam_era":1147,"nanakshahi_year":502,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Śukla Caturthī · Vikram 2028 Raktākṣī · Śaka 1893 Virodhakṛt"},"festivals":[{"id":"kumbha-sankranti","name":"Kumbha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"कुम्भ सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aquarius; Kumbha-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kumbha"},"precedence":5},{"id":"vinayaka-chaturthi","name":"Vināyaka Caturthī (monthly)","name_sanskrit":"विनायक चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Śukla-pakṣa Caturthī; auspicious for new ventures.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":4,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3101-02-18","event":"Kali Yuga Epoch","chart_id":"kali-yuga-epoch","shared_marker":"same Aśvinī","url":"/day/-3101-02-18","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 1, 1971 CE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 1, 1971 CE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Śukla Caturthī, sūryodaya 06:22, sūryāsta 18:00.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1971-03-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1971-03-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1971-03-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1971-03-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1971-03-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T18:31:10.461Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T18:31:10.461Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T18:31:10.461Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}