{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:1908-09-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1908-09-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1908-09-16","date_display":"September 16, 1908 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1908,"month":9,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2418200.770833,"kali_year":5010,"ahargana":1829735.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":149.6776,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":40.9687,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":251.2911,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.2911},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":40.9687,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.9687},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":190.6463},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":41,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1908,"month":9,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2418200.770833,"ahargana":1829735.2708,"kali_year":5010,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.5777,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":150.18690500000002,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":43.682605000000024,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.3059},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":143.25730499999997,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":171.45820500000002,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":129.350005,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":105.40230500000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":346.504205,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":71.82,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":251.82,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1908,"month":9,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2418200.770833,"kali_year":5010,"ahargana":1829735.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":149.6776,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":40.9687,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":251.2911,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.2911},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":40.9687,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.9687},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":190.6463},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":41,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.306,"elongation":108.709},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.306,"opposition_distance":71.291}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:43","sunsetLocal":"18:01","solarNoonLocal":"11:52","dayLengthHours":12.304362586818886,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 18 Mins 16 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 41 Mins 44 Secs","moonriseLocal":"22:01","moonsetLocal":"11:32","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:52","end":"13:25","startHours":11.870601482821186,"endHours":13.408646806173547,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:15","end":"08:48","startHours":7.256465512764105,"endHours":8.794510836116466,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:20","end":"11:52","startHours":10.332556159468826,"endHours":11.870601482821186,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:35","end":"09:00","startHours":8.589438126336152,"endHours":8.99958354589678,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:14","end":"06:34","startHours":6.231101963862531,"endHours":6.559218299511034,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:28","end":"12:17","startHours":11.460456063260558,"endHours":12.280746902381818,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:05","end":"04:54","startHours":4.077838511169226,"endHours":4.8981293502904855,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:42","end":"05:43","startHours":4.69305664051017,"endHours":5.718420189411744,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:55","end":"14:44","startHours":13.921328580624337,"endHours":14.741619419745597,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:49","end":"18:13","startHours":17.822782776230632,"endHours":18.22278277623063,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:01","end":"18:32","startHours":18.02278277623063,"endHours":18.535464550681418,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:46","end":"19:31","startHours":17.77278277623063,"endHours":19.52278277623063,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:28","end":"00:17","startHours":23.46045606326056,"endHours":24.280746902381814,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"05:43","end":"07:15","startHours":5.718420189411744,"endHours":7.256465512764105,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:15","end":"08:48","startHours":7.256465512764105,"endHours":8.794510836116466,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:48","end":"10:20","startHours":8.794510836116466,"endHours":10.332556159468826,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:20","end":"11:52","startHours":10.332556159468826,"endHours":11.870601482821186,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:52","end":"13:25","startHours":11.870601482821186,"endHours":13.408646806173547,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:25","end":"14:57","startHours":13.408646806173547,"endHours":14.94669212952591,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:57","end":"16:29","startHours":14.94669212952591,"endHours":16.48473745287827,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:29","end":"18:01","startHours":16.48473745287827,"endHours":18.02278277623063,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:01","end":"19:29","startHours":18.02278277623063,"endHours":19.48473745287827,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:29","end":"20:57","startHours":19.48473745287827,"endHours":20.94669212952591,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:57","end":"22:25","startHours":20.94669212952591,"endHours":22.40864680617355,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:25","end":"23:52","startHours":22.40864680617355,"endHours":23.870601482821186,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:52","end":"01:20","startHours":23.870601482821186,"endHours":25.33255615946883,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:20","end":"02:48","startHours":25.33255615946883,"endHours":26.794510836116466,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:48","end":"04:15","startHours":26.794510836116466,"endHours":28.256465512764105,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:15","end":"05:43","startHours":28.256465512764105,"endHours":29.718420189411745,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:43","end":"06:43","startHours":5.718420189411744,"endHours":6.718420189411744,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:43","end":"07:43","startHours":6.718420189411744,"endHours":7.718420189411744,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:43","end":"08:43","startHours":7.718420189411744,"endHours":8.718420189411745,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:43","end":"09:43","startHours":8.718420189411745,"endHours":9.718420189411745,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:43","end":"10:43","startHours":9.718420189411745,"endHours":10.718420189411745,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:43","end":"11:43","startHours":10.718420189411745,"endHours":11.718420189411745,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:43","end":"12:43","startHours":11.718420189411745,"endHours":12.718420189411745,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:43","end":"13:43","startHours":12.718420189411745,"endHours":13.718420189411745,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:43","end":"14:43","startHours":13.718420189411745,"endHours":14.718420189411745,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:43","end":"15:43","startHours":14.718420189411745,"endHours":15.718420189411745,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:43","end":"16:43","startHours":15.718420189411745,"endHours":16.718420189411745,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:43","end":"17:43","startHours":16.718420189411745,"endHours":17.718420189411745,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:43","end":"18:43","startHours":17.718420189411745,"endHours":18.718420189411745,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:43","end":"19:43","startHours":18.718420189411745,"endHours":19.718420189411745,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:43","end":"20:43","startHours":19.718420189411745,"endHours":20.718420189411745,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:43","end":"21:43","startHours":20.718420189411745,"endHours":21.718420189411745,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:43","end":"22:43","startHours":21.718420189411745,"endHours":22.718420189411745,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:43","end":"23:43","startHours":22.718420189411745,"endHours":23.718420189411745,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:43","end":"00:43","startHours":23.718420189411745,"endHours":24.718420189411745,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:43","end":"01:43","startHours":24.718420189411745,"endHours":25.718420189411745,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:43","end":"02:43","startHours":25.718420189411745,"endHours":26.718420189411745,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:43","end":"03:43","startHours":26.718420189411745,"endHours":27.718420189411745,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:43","end":"04:43","startHours":27.718420189411745,"endHours":28.718420189411745,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:43","end":"05:43","startHours":28.718420189411745,"endHours":29.718420189411745,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Utpāta","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":2.8713106511470166,"eotMinutes":5.868311030728706,"ayanamsa":22.5777}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1965,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1830,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1315,"malayalam_era":1084,"nanakshahi_year":439,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī · Vikram 1965 Durmati · Śaka 1830 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"kanya-sankranti","name":"Kanyā Saṅkrānti (Mahālaya begins)","name_sanskrit":"कन्या सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Virgo; Mahālaya / Pitṛ-Pakṣa solar marker.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kanyā"},"precedence":4}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3226-07-09","event":"Bhagavān Krishna's birth at Mathurā","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Rohiṇī","url":"/day/-3226-07-09","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 16, 1908 CE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 16, 1908 CE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī, sūryodaya 05:43, sūryāsta 18:01.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1908-09-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1908-09-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1908-09-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1908-09-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1908-09-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T16:20:54.722Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T16:20:54.722Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T16:20:54.722Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}