{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:1908-01-25:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1908-01-25","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1908-01-25","date_display":"January 25, 1908 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1908,"month":1,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2417965.770833,"kali_year":5009,"ahargana":1829500.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":281.2987,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":176.4698,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":22,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Saptamī","elongation_degrees":255.171,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.171},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":176.4698,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.1364},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":97.7685},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":42,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1908,"month":1,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2417965.770833,"ahargana":1829500.2708,"kali_year":5009,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.5687,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":281.11578399999996,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":172.40118400000006,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4967},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":348.437884,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":289.577084,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":107.77068400000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":314.2069839999999,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":332.410384,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":84.2715,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":264.2715,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1908,"month":1,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2417965.770833,"kali_year":5009,"ahargana":1829500.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":281.2987,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":176.4698,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":22,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Saptamī","elongation_degrees":255.171,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.171},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":176.4698,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.1364},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":97.7685},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":42,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.497,"elongation":104.829},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.497,"opposition_distance":75.171}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:45","sunsetLocal":"17:36","solarNoonLocal":"12:10","dayLengthHours":10.858452557591107,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 51 Mins 30 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 08 Mins 30 Secs","moonriseLocal":"23:04","moonsetLocal":"10:47","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:28","end":"10:49","startHours":9.458939002634747,"endHours":10.816245572333635,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:32","end":"14:53","startHours":13.530858711731412,"endHours":14.8881652814303,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:45","end":"08:06","startHours":6.744325863236969,"endHours":8.101632432935858,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:17","end":"09:38","startHours":9.27796479334156,"endHours":9.639913211927931,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:12","end":"07:29","startHours":7.196761386469932,"endHours":7.486320121339028,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:49","end":"12:32","startHours":11.811603723446153,"endHours":12.535500560618894,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:18","end":"06:01","startHours":5.296532188891488,"endHours":6.020429026064228,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:50","end":"06:45","startHours":5.839454816771044,"endHours":6.744325863236969,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:59","end":"14:42","startHours":13.983294234964372,"endHours":14.707191072137112,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:24","end":"17:48","startHours":17.402778420828078,"endHours":17.802778420828076,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:36","end":"18:03","startHours":17.602778420828077,"endHours":18.05521394406104,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:21","end":"19:06","startHours":17.352778420828077,"endHours":19.102778420828077,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:49","end":"00:32","startHours":23.811603723446154,"endHours":24.535500560618893,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:45","end":"08:06","startHours":6.744325863236969,"endHours":8.101632432935858,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:06","end":"09:28","startHours":8.101632432935858,"endHours":9.458939002634747,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:28","end":"10:49","startHours":9.458939002634747,"endHours":10.816245572333635,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:49","end":"12:10","startHours":10.816245572333635,"endHours":12.173552142032523,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:10","end":"13:32","startHours":12.173552142032523,"endHours":13.530858711731412,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:32","end":"14:53","startHours":13.530858711731412,"endHours":14.8881652814303,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:53","end":"16:15","startHours":14.8881652814303,"endHours":16.24547185112919,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:15","end":"17:36","startHours":16.24547185112919,"endHours":17.602778420828077,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"17:36","end":"19:15","startHours":17.602778420828077,"endHours":19.24547185112919,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:15","end":"20:53","startHours":19.24547185112919,"endHours":20.8881652814303,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:53","end":"22:32","startHours":20.8881652814303,"endHours":22.530858711731412,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:32","end":"00:10","startHours":22.530858711731412,"endHours":24.173552142032523,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:10","end":"01:49","startHours":24.173552142032523,"endHours":25.816245572333635,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:49","end":"03:28","startHours":25.816245572333635,"endHours":27.458939002634747,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:28","end":"05:06","startHours":27.458939002634747,"endHours":29.101632432935858,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:06","end":"06:45","startHours":29.101632432935858,"endHours":30.74432586323697,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:45","end":"07:45","startHours":6.744325863236969,"endHours":7.744325863236969,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:45","end":"08:45","startHours":7.744325863236969,"endHours":8.74432586323697,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:45","end":"09:45","startHours":8.74432586323697,"endHours":9.74432586323697,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:45","end":"10:45","startHours":9.74432586323697,"endHours":10.74432586323697,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:45","end":"11:45","startHours":10.74432586323697,"endHours":11.74432586323697,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:45","end":"12:45","startHours":11.74432586323697,"endHours":12.74432586323697,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:45","end":"13:45","startHours":12.74432586323697,"endHours":13.74432586323697,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:45","end":"14:45","startHours":13.74432586323697,"endHours":14.74432586323697,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:45","end":"15:45","startHours":14.74432586323697,"endHours":15.74432586323697,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:45","end":"16:45","startHours":15.74432586323697,"endHours":16.74432586323697,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:45","end":"17:45","startHours":16.74432586323697,"endHours":17.74432586323697,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:45","end":"18:45","startHours":17.74432586323697,"endHours":18.74432586323697,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:45","end":"19:45","startHours":18.74432586323697,"endHours":19.74432586323697,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:45","end":"20:45","startHours":19.74432586323697,"endHours":20.74432586323697,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:45","end":"21:45","startHours":20.74432586323697,"endHours":21.74432586323697,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:45","end":"22:45","startHours":21.74432586323697,"endHours":22.74432586323697,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:45","end":"23:45","startHours":22.74432586323697,"endHours":23.74432586323697,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:45","end":"00:45","startHours":23.74432586323697,"endHours":24.74432586323697,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:45","end":"01:45","startHours":24.74432586323697,"endHours":25.74432586323697,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:45","end":"02:45","startHours":25.74432586323697,"endHours":26.74432586323697,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:45","end":"03:45","startHours":26.74432586323697,"endHours":27.74432586323697,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:45","end":"04:45","startHours":27.74432586323697,"endHours":28.74432586323697,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:45","end":"05:45","startHours":28.74432586323697,"endHours":29.74432586323697,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:45","end":"06:45","startHours":29.74432586323697,"endHours":30.74432586323697,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mudgara","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-19.32674486114127,"eotMinutes":-12.308728521951446,"ayanamsa":22.5687}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1965,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1830,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1315,"malayalam_era":1084,"nanakshahi_year":439,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Saptamī · Vikram 1965 Durmati · Śaka 1830 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 25, 1908 CE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 25, 1908 CE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Kṛṣṇa Saptamī, sūryodaya 06:45, sūryāsta 17:36.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1908-01-25","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1908-01-25","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1908-01-25","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1908-01-25","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1908-01-25"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T16:13:42.481Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T16:13:42.481Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T16:13:42.481Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}