{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:1902-04-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1902-04-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1902-04-28","date_display":"April 28, 1902 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1902,"month":4,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2415867.770833,"kali_year":5004,"ahargana":1827402.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":14.6289,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":255.7708,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":241.1419,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.1419},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":255.7708,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.4374},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":270.3997},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":40,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1902,"month":4,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2415867.770833,"ahargana":1827402.2708,"kali_year":5004,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.4885,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":14.327742999999998,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":251.70814300000006,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.9093},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":9.35544299999998,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":14.396142999999995,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":293.8575430000001,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":329.51884300000006,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":276.52114299999994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":195.4336,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":15.4336,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1902,"month":4,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2415867.770833,"kali_year":5004,"ahargana":1827402.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":14.6289,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":255.7708,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":241.1419,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.1419},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":255.7708,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.4374},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":270.3997},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":40,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.909,"elongation":118.858},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.909,"opposition_distance":61.142}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":10,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.767,"elongation":0.452}]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:25","sunsetLocal":"18:26","solarNoonLocal":"11:56","dayLengthHours":13.016435669633946,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 00 Mins 59 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 59 Mins 01 Secs","moonriseLocal":"22:29","moonsetLocal":"09:01","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:03","end":"08:40","startHours":7.045703787963607,"endHours":8.67275824666785,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:18","end":"11:56","startHours":10.299812705372092,"endHours":11.926867164076336,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:33","end":"15:11","startHours":13.55392162278058,"endHours":15.180976081484822,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:27","end":"08:53","startHours":8.45581765217395,"endHours":8.88969884116175,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:58","end":"06:18","startHours":5.961000815494111,"endHours":6.308105766684349,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:30","end":"12:22","startHours":11.492985975088539,"endHours":12.360748353064134,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:41","end":"04:33","startHours":3.68312457330817,"endHours":4.550886951283767,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:20","end":"05:25","startHours":4.333946356789868,"endHours":5.418649329259363,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:06","end":"14:58","startHours":14.096273109015327,"endHours":14.964035486990923,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:14","end":"18:38","startHours":18.23508499889331,"endHours":18.63508499889331,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:26","end":"18:59","startHours":18.43508499889331,"endHours":18.977436485128056,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:11","end":"19:56","startHours":18.18508499889331,"endHours":19.93508499889331,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:30","end":"00:22","startHours":23.492985975088537,"endHours":24.360748353064132,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:25","end":"07:03","startHours":5.418649329259363,"endHours":7.045703787963607,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:03","end":"08:40","startHours":7.045703787963607,"endHours":8.67275824666785,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:40","end":"10:18","startHours":8.67275824666785,"endHours":10.299812705372092,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:18","end":"11:56","startHours":10.299812705372092,"endHours":11.926867164076336,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:56","end":"13:33","startHours":11.926867164076336,"endHours":13.55392162278058,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:33","end":"15:11","startHours":13.55392162278058,"endHours":15.180976081484822,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:11","end":"16:48","startHours":15.180976081484822,"endHours":16.808030540189066,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:48","end":"18:26","startHours":16.808030540189066,"endHours":18.43508499889331,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:26","end":"19:48","startHours":18.43508499889331,"endHours":19.808030540189066,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:48","end":"21:11","startHours":19.808030540189066,"endHours":21.180976081484822,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:11","end":"22:33","startHours":21.180976081484822,"endHours":22.553921622780578,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:33","end":"23:56","startHours":22.553921622780578,"endHours":23.926867164076334,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:56","end":"01:18","startHours":23.926867164076334,"endHours":25.29981270537209,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:18","end":"02:40","startHours":25.29981270537209,"endHours":26.67275824666785,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:40","end":"04:03","startHours":26.67275824666785,"endHours":28.045703787963607,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:03","end":"05:25","startHours":28.045703787963607,"endHours":29.418649329259363,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:25","end":"06:25","startHours":5.418649329259363,"endHours":6.418649329259363,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:25","end":"07:25","startHours":6.418649329259363,"endHours":7.418649329259363,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:25","end":"08:25","startHours":7.418649329259363,"endHours":8.418649329259363,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:25","end":"09:25","startHours":8.418649329259363,"endHours":9.418649329259363,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:25","end":"10:25","startHours":9.418649329259363,"endHours":10.418649329259363,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:25","end":"11:25","startHours":10.418649329259363,"endHours":11.418649329259363,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:25","end":"12:25","startHours":11.418649329259363,"endHours":12.418649329259363,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:25","end":"13:25","startHours":12.418649329259363,"endHours":13.418649329259363,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:25","end":"14:25","startHours":13.418649329259363,"endHours":14.418649329259363,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:25","end":"15:25","startHours":14.418649329259363,"endHours":15.418649329259363,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:25","end":"16:25","startHours":15.418649329259363,"endHours":16.418649329259363,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:25","end":"17:25","startHours":16.418649329259363,"endHours":17.418649329259363,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:25","end":"18:25","startHours":17.418649329259363,"endHours":18.418649329259363,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:25","end":"19:25","startHours":18.418649329259363,"endHours":19.418649329259363,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:25","end":"20:25","startHours":19.418649329259363,"endHours":20.418649329259363,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:25","end":"21:25","startHours":20.418649329259363,"endHours":21.418649329259363,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:25","end":"22:25","startHours":21.418649329259363,"endHours":22.418649329259363,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:25","end":"23:25","startHours":22.418649329259363,"endHours":23.418649329259363,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:25","end":"00:25","startHours":23.418649329259363,"endHours":24.418649329259363,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:25","end":"01:25","startHours":24.418649329259363,"endHours":25.418649329259363,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:25","end":"02:25","startHours":25.418649329259363,"endHours":26.418649329259363,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:25","end":"03:25","startHours":26.418649329259363,"endHours":27.418649329259363,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:25","end":"04:25","startHours":27.418649329259363,"endHours":28.418649329259363,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:25","end":"05:25","startHours":28.418649329259363,"endHours":29.418649329259363,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mātaṇga","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":13.788669504259168,"eotMinutes":2.4923701554198168,"ayanamsa":22.4885}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1959,"vikram_samvatsara":"Rākṣasa","saka_samvat":1824,"saka_samvatsara":"Śubhakṛt","bengali_samvat":1309,"malayalam_era":1078,"nanakshahi_year":433,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī · Vikram 1959 Rākṣasa · Śaka 1824 Śubhakṛt"},"festivals":[{"id":"mesha-sankranti","name":"Meṣa Saṅkrānti (Vaiśākhī / Vishu / Pohelā Boishākh / Bihu)","name_sanskrit":"मेष सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aries; solar new year. Regional: Vaiśākhī (Punjab) · Vishu (Kerala) · Pohelā Boishākh (Bengal) · Bihu (Assam) · Tamil Puthāṇḍu.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":1},{"id":"baisakhi","name":"Baisakhi (Vaiśākhī)","name_sanskrit":"वैशाखी","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya + Khalsa Pantha (Sikh)","significance":"Punjab New Year + Sikh Khalsa founding day.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 28, 1902 CE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 28, 1902 CE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī, sūryodaya 05:25, sūryāsta 18:26.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1902-04-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1902-04-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1902-04-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1902-04-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/1902-04-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T17:25:35.266Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T17:25:35.266Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T17:25:35.266Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}