{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:-3171-12-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3171-12-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"-3171-12-16","date_display":"December 16, 3172 BCE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-3171,"month":12,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":563199.770833,"kali_year":-69,"ahargana":-25265.7292,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":299.6355,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":94.2505,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":154.615,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.615},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1,"moon_longitude":94.2505,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.9172},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":33.8861},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":25,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":-3171,"month":12,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":563199.770833,"ahargana":-25265.7292,"kali_year":-69,"ayanamsa_lahiri":-48.3691,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":299.6355,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":94.2505,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.2053},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":56.5659,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":291.0034,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":55.7186,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":259.9448,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":240.7146,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":78.6999,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":258.6999,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-3171,"month":12,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":563199.770833,"kali_year":-69,"ahargana":-25265.7292,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":299.6355,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":94.2505,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":154.615,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.615},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1,"moon_longitude":94.2505,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.9172},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":33.8861},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":25,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.205,"elongation":154.615},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.205,"opposition_distance":25.385}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:35","sunsetLocal":"17:14","solarNoonLocal":"11:54","dayLengthHours":10.656226006830789,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 39 Mins 22 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 20 Mins 38 Secs","moonriseLocal":"15:38","moonsetLocal":"04:48","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:34","end":"15:54","startHours":14.570514554588156,"endHours":15.902542805442003,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:15","end":"10:34","startHours":9.242401551172762,"endHours":10.57442980202661,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:54","end":"13:14","startHours":11.90645805288046,"endHours":13.238486303734309,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:04","end":"09:25","startHours":9.064797784392248,"endHours":9.420005317953276,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:01","end":"07:18","startHours":7.022354466416347,"endHours":7.306520493265168,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:33","end":"12:16","startHours":11.551250519319431,"endHours":12.261665586441485,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:09","end":"05:52","startHours":5.157514915220959,"endHours":5.867929982343012,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:41","end":"06:35","startHours":5.690326215562499,"endHours":6.578345049465065,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:41","end":"14:24","startHours":13.68249572068559,"endHours":14.392910787807644,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:02","end":"17:26","startHours":17.034571056295853,"endHours":17.43457105629585,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:14","end":"17:41","startHours":17.234571056295852,"endHours":17.678580473247134,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"16:59","end":"18:44","startHours":16.984571056295852,"endHours":18.734571056295852,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:33","end":"00:16","startHours":23.551250519319435,"endHours":24.261665586441485,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"06:35","end":"07:55","startHours":6.578345049465065,"endHours":7.910373300318913,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:55","end":"09:15","startHours":7.910373300318913,"endHours":9.242401551172762,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:15","end":"10:34","startHours":9.242401551172762,"endHours":10.57442980202661,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:34","end":"11:54","startHours":10.57442980202661,"endHours":11.90645805288046,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:54","end":"13:14","startHours":11.90645805288046,"endHours":13.238486303734309,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:14","end":"14:34","startHours":13.238486303734309,"endHours":14.570514554588156,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:34","end":"15:54","startHours":14.570514554588156,"endHours":15.902542805442003,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:54","end":"17:14","startHours":15.902542805442003,"endHours":17.234571056295852,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:14","end":"18:54","startHours":17.234571056295852,"endHours":18.902542805442003,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:54","end":"20:34","startHours":18.902542805442003,"endHours":20.570514554588154,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:34","end":"22:14","startHours":20.570514554588154,"endHours":22.238486303734305,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:14","end":"23:54","startHours":22.238486303734305,"endHours":23.90645805288046,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:54","end":"01:34","startHours":23.90645805288046,"endHours":25.574429802026607,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:34","end":"03:15","startHours":25.574429802026607,"endHours":27.24240155117276,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:15","end":"04:55","startHours":27.24240155117276,"endHours":28.910373300318913,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:55","end":"06:35","startHours":28.910373300318913,"endHours":30.578345049465064,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:35","end":"07:35","startHours":6.578345049465065,"endHours":7.578345049465065,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:35","end":"08:35","startHours":7.578345049465065,"endHours":8.578345049465064,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:35","end":"09:35","startHours":8.578345049465064,"endHours":9.578345049465064,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:35","end":"10:35","startHours":9.578345049465064,"endHours":10.578345049465064,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:35","end":"11:35","startHours":10.578345049465064,"endHours":11.578345049465064,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:35","end":"12:35","startHours":11.578345049465064,"endHours":12.578345049465064,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:35","end":"13:35","startHours":12.578345049465064,"endHours":13.578345049465064,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:35","end":"14:35","startHours":13.578345049465064,"endHours":14.578345049465064,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:35","end":"15:35","startHours":14.578345049465064,"endHours":15.578345049465064,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:35","end":"16:35","startHours":15.578345049465064,"endHours":16.578345049465064,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:35","end":"17:35","startHours":16.578345049465064,"endHours":17.578345049465064,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:35","end":"18:35","startHours":17.578345049465064,"endHours":18.578345049465064,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:35","end":"19:35","startHours":18.578345049465064,"endHours":19.578345049465064,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:35","end":"20:35","startHours":19.578345049465064,"endHours":20.578345049465064,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:35","end":"21:35","startHours":20.578345049465064,"endHours":21.578345049465064,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:35","end":"22:35","startHours":21.578345049465064,"endHours":22.578345049465064,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:35","end":"23:35","startHours":22.578345049465064,"endHours":23.578345049465064,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:35","end":"00:35","startHours":23.578345049465064,"endHours":24.578345049465064,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:35","end":"01:35","startHours":24.578345049465064,"endHours":25.578345049465064,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:35","end":"02:35","startHours":25.578345049465064,"endHours":26.578345049465064,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:35","end":"03:35","startHours":26.578345049465064,"endHours":27.578345049465064,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:35","end":"04:35","startHours":27.578345049465064,"endHours":28.578345049465064,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:35","end":"05:35","startHours":28.578345049465064,"endHours":29.578345049465064,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:35","end":"06:35","startHours":29.578345049465064,"endHours":30.578345049465064,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Utpāta","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-22.127036614521455,"eotMinutes":3.716916827172506,"ayanamsa":-48.3691}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":-3114,"saka_samvat":-3249,"bengali_samvat":-3764,"malayalam_era":-3995,"nanakshahi_year":-4640,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_amanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Trayodaśī · Vikram -3114 undefined · Śaka -3249 undefined"},"festivals":[{"id":"kumbha-sankranti","name":"Kumbha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"कुम्भ सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aquarius; Kumbha-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi_ingress":"Kumbha"},"precedence":5},{"id":"pradosha-vrata","name":"Pradoṣa Vrata","name_sanskrit":"प्रदोष व्रत","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Twilight worship of Śiva on Trayodaśī.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":13},{"tithi_number":28}]},"precedence":7}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Kumbha Saṅkrānti · Pradoṣa Vrata is not live yet; Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":true,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 16, 3172 BCE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 16, 3172 BCE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Śukla Trayodaśī, sūryodaya 06:35, sūryāsta 17:14.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3171-12-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3171-12-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3171-12-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3171-12-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3171-12-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-10T18:58:15.866Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-10T18:58:15.866Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-10T18:58:15.866Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","reader-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}