{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:-3171-10-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3171-10-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"-3171-10-31","date_display":"October 31, 3172 BCE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-3171,"month":10,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":563153.770833,"kali_year":-69,"ahargana":-25311.7292,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":252.5069,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":198.492,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":305.9851,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.9851},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":198.492,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.8253},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":90.9989},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":50,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":-3171,"month":10,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":563153.770833,"ahargana":-25311.7292,"kali_year":-69,"ayanamsa_lahiri":-48.3709,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":252.5069,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":198.492,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.9959},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":59.5175,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":237.0296,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":59.2051,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":206.2764,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":236.2554,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":81.1372,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":261.1372,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-3171,"month":10,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":563153.770833,"kali_year":-69,"ahargana":-25311.7292,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":252.5069,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":198.492,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":305.9851,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.9851},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":198.492,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.8253},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":90.9989},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":50,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.996,"elongation":54.015},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.996,"opposition_distance":125.985}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:56","sunsetLocal":"17:28","solarNoonLocal":"11:42","dayLengthHours":11.528528073998636,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 31 Mins 43 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 28 Mins 17 Secs","moonriseLocal":"01:41","moonsetLocal":"14:30","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:15","end":"11:42","startHours":10.253127664908032,"endHours":11.694193674157862,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:35","end":"16:01","startHours":14.57632569265752,"endHours":16.01739170190735,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:22","end":"08:49","startHours":7.370995646408373,"endHours":8.812061655658201,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:37","end":"09:00","startHours":8.619919521091559,"endHours":9.004203790224846,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:25","end":"06:43","startHours":6.410284973575153,"endHours":6.717712388881783,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:19","end":"12:05","startHours":11.309909405024575,"endHours":12.07847794329115,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:24","end":"05:10","startHours":4.3927925606253915,"endHours":5.161361098891968,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:58","end":"05:56","startHours":4.969218964325323,"endHours":5.929929637158543,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:37","end":"14:23","startHours":13.6156150198243,"endHours":14.384183558090877,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:16","end":"17:40","startHours":17.25845771115718,"endHours":17.65845771115718,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:28","end":"17:56","startHours":17.45845771115718,"endHours":17.93881304757379,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:13","end":"18:58","startHours":17.20845771115718,"endHours":18.95845771115718,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:19","end":"00:05","startHours":23.309909405024573,"endHours":24.07847794329115,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"05:56","end":"07:22","startHours":5.929929637158543,"endHours":7.370995646408373,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:22","end":"08:49","startHours":7.370995646408373,"endHours":8.812061655658201,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:49","end":"10:15","startHours":8.812061655658201,"endHours":10.253127664908032,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:15","end":"11:42","startHours":10.253127664908032,"endHours":11.694193674157862,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"11:42","end":"13:08","startHours":11.694193674157862,"endHours":13.135259683407691,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:08","end":"14:35","startHours":13.135259683407691,"endHours":14.57632569265752,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:35","end":"16:01","startHours":14.57632569265752,"endHours":16.01739170190735,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:01","end":"17:28","startHours":16.01739170190735,"endHours":17.45845771115718,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"17:28","end":"19:01","startHours":17.45845771115718,"endHours":19.01739170190735,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:01","end":"20:35","startHours":19.01739170190735,"endHours":20.57632569265752,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:35","end":"22:08","startHours":20.57632569265752,"endHours":22.135259683407693,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:08","end":"23:42","startHours":22.135259683407693,"endHours":23.694193674157862,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"23:42","end":"01:15","startHours":23.694193674157862,"endHours":25.253127664908032,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:15","end":"02:49","startHours":25.253127664908032,"endHours":26.812061655658205,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:49","end":"04:22","startHours":26.812061655658205,"endHours":28.370995646408375,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:22","end":"05:56","startHours":28.370995646408375,"endHours":29.929929637158544,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:56","end":"06:56","startHours":5.929929637158543,"endHours":6.929929637158543,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:56","end":"07:56","startHours":6.929929637158543,"endHours":7.929929637158543,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:56","end":"08:56","startHours":7.929929637158543,"endHours":8.929929637158544,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:56","end":"09:56","startHours":8.929929637158544,"endHours":9.929929637158544,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:56","end":"10:56","startHours":9.929929637158544,"endHours":10.929929637158544,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:56","end":"11:56","startHours":10.929929637158544,"endHours":11.929929637158544,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:56","end":"12:56","startHours":11.929929637158544,"endHours":12.929929637158544,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:56","end":"13:56","startHours":12.929929637158544,"endHours":13.929929637158544,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:56","end":"14:56","startHours":13.929929637158544,"endHours":14.929929637158544,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:56","end":"15:56","startHours":14.929929637158544,"endHours":15.929929637158544,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:56","end":"16:56","startHours":15.929929637158544,"endHours":16.929929637158544,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:56","end":"17:56","startHours":16.929929637158544,"endHours":17.929929637158544,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:56","end":"18:56","startHours":17.929929637158544,"endHours":18.929929637158544,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:56","end":"19:56","startHours":18.929929637158544,"endHours":19.929929637158544,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:56","end":"20:56","startHours":19.929929637158544,"endHours":20.929929637158544,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:56","end":"21:56","startHours":20.929929637158544,"endHours":21.929929637158544,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:56","end":"22:56","startHours":21.929929637158544,"endHours":22.929929637158544,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:56","end":"23:56","startHours":22.929929637158544,"endHours":23.929929637158544,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:56","end":"00:56","startHours":23.929929637158544,"endHours":24.929929637158544,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:56","end":"01:56","startHours":24.929929637158544,"endHours":25.929929637158544,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:56","end":"02:56","startHours":25.929929637158544,"endHours":26.929929637158544,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:56","end":"03:56","startHours":26.929929637158544,"endHours":27.929929637158544,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:56","end":"04:56","startHours":27.929929637158544,"endHours":28.929929637158544,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:56","end":"05:56","startHours":28.929929637158544,"endHours":29.929929637158544,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvaja","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-9.359837489103652,"eotMinutes":16.45277955052819,"ayanamsa":-48.3709}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":-3114,"saka_samvat":-3249,"bengali_samvat":-3764,"malayalam_era":-3995,"nanakshahi_year":-4640,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī · Vikram -3114 undefined · Śaka -3249 undefined"},"festivals":[{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Ekādaśī is not live yet; Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":true,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga October 31, 3172 BCE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"October 31, 3172 BCE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 05:56, sūryāsta 17:28.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3171-10-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3171-10-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3171-10-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3171-10-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3171-10-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-10T14:27:34.222Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-10T14:27:34.222Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-10T14:27:34.222Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","reader-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}