{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:-3165-04-21:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3165-04-21","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"-3165-04-21","date_display":"April 21, 3166 BCE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-3165,"month":4,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":565151.770833,"kali_year":-63,"ahargana":-23313.7292,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":62.5193,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":255.7676,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":193.2483,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.2483},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":255.7676,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.4343},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":318.2869},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":-3165,"month":4,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":565151.770833,"ahargana":-23313.7292,"kali_year":-63,"ayanamsa_lahiri":-48.2945,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":62.5193,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":255.7676,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.4246},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":45.5532,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":45.9417,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":212.3777,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":73.0202,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":297.2392,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":335.2736,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":155.2736,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-3165,"month":4,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":565151.770833,"kali_year":-63,"ahargana":-23313.7292,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":62.5193,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":255.7676,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":193.2483,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.2483},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":255.7676,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.4343},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":318.2869},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.425,"elongation":166.752},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.425,"opposition_distance":13.248}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:43","sunsetLocal":"18:11","solarNoonLocal":"11:57","dayLengthHours":12.47867780370973,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 28 Mins 43 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 31 Mins 17 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:08","moonsetLocal":"06:32","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:16","end":"08:50","startHours":7.269113676256147,"endHours":8.828948401719863,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:23","end":"11:57","startHours":10.38878312718358,"endHours":11.948617852647295,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:31","end":"15:04","startHours":13.508452578111012,"endHours":15.068287303574728,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:37","end":"09:02","startHours":8.6209704383247,"endHours":9.036926365115026,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:14","end":"06:34","startHours":6.229223859280336,"endHours":6.561988600712596,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:32","end":"12:22","startHours":11.53266192585697,"endHours":12.36457377943762,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:03","end":"04:53","startHours":4.0454552436311335,"endHours":4.877367097211782,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:40","end":"05:43","startHours":4.669389133816621,"endHours":5.709278950792431,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:02","end":"14:52","startHours":14.028397486598916,"endHours":14.860309340179564,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:59","end":"18:23","startHours":17.98795675450216,"endHours":18.38795675450216,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:11","end":"18:42","startHours":18.18795675450216,"endHours":18.707901662990064,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:56","end":"19:41","startHours":17.93795675450216,"endHours":19.68795675450216,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:32","end":"00:22","startHours":23.53266192585697,"endHours":24.36457377943762,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:43","end":"07:16","startHours":5.709278950792431,"endHours":7.269113676256147,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:16","end":"08:50","startHours":7.269113676256147,"endHours":8.828948401719863,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:50","end":"10:23","startHours":8.828948401719863,"endHours":10.38878312718358,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:23","end":"11:57","startHours":10.38878312718358,"endHours":11.948617852647295,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:57","end":"13:31","startHours":11.948617852647295,"endHours":13.508452578111012,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:31","end":"15:04","startHours":13.508452578111012,"endHours":15.068287303574728,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:04","end":"16:38","startHours":15.068287303574728,"endHours":16.628122029038444,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:38","end":"18:11","startHours":16.628122029038444,"endHours":18.18795675450216,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:11","end":"19:38","startHours":18.18795675450216,"endHours":19.628122029038444,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:38","end":"21:04","startHours":19.628122029038444,"endHours":21.068287303574728,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:04","end":"22:31","startHours":21.068287303574728,"endHours":22.50845257811101,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:31","end":"23:57","startHours":22.50845257811101,"endHours":23.948617852647295,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:57","end":"01:23","startHours":23.948617852647295,"endHours":25.38878312718358,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:23","end":"02:50","startHours":25.38878312718358,"endHours":26.828948401719863,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:50","end":"04:16","startHours":26.828948401719863,"endHours":28.269113676256147,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:16","end":"05:43","startHours":28.269113676256147,"endHours":29.70927895079243,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:43","end":"06:43","startHours":5.709278950792431,"endHours":6.709278950792431,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:43","end":"07:43","startHours":6.709278950792431,"endHours":7.709278950792431,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:43","end":"08:43","startHours":7.709278950792431,"endHours":8.70927895079243,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:43","end":"09:43","startHours":8.70927895079243,"endHours":9.70927895079243,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:43","end":"10:43","startHours":9.70927895079243,"endHours":10.70927895079243,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:43","end":"11:43","startHours":10.70927895079243,"endHours":11.70927895079243,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:43","end":"12:43","startHours":11.70927895079243,"endHours":12.70927895079243,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:43","end":"13:43","startHours":12.70927895079243,"endHours":13.70927895079243,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:43","end":"14:43","startHours":13.70927895079243,"endHours":14.70927895079243,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:43","end":"15:43","startHours":14.70927895079243,"endHours":15.70927895079243,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:43","end":"16:43","startHours":15.70927895079243,"endHours":16.70927895079243,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:43","end":"17:43","startHours":16.70927895079243,"endHours":17.70927895079243,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:43","end":"18:43","startHours":17.70927895079243,"endHours":18.70927895079243,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:43","end":"19:43","startHours":18.70927895079243,"endHours":19.70927895079243,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:43","end":"20:43","startHours":19.70927895079243,"endHours":20.70927895079243,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:43","end":"21:43","startHours":20.70927895079243,"endHours":21.70927895079243,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:43","end":"22:43","startHours":21.70927895079243,"endHours":22.70927895079243,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:43","end":"23:43","startHours":22.70927895079243,"endHours":23.70927895079243,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:43","end":"00:43","startHours":23.70927895079243,"endHours":24.70927895079243,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:43","end":"01:43","startHours":24.70927895079243,"endHours":25.70927895079243,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:43","end":"02:43","startHours":25.70927895079243,"endHours":26.70927895079243,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:43","end":"03:43","startHours":26.70927895079243,"endHours":27.70927895079243,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:43","end":"04:43","startHours":27.70927895079243,"endHours":28.70927895079243,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:43","end":"05:43","startHours":28.70927895079243,"endHours":29.70927895079243,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mātaṇga","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":5.6086757410747,"eotMinutes":1.1873288411622274,"ayanamsa":-48.2945}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":-3108,"saka_samvat":-3243,"bengali_samvat":-3758,"malayalam_era":-3989,"nanakshahi_year":-4634,"lunar_month":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āṣāḍha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_amanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mithuna (Āni)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Āṣāḍha Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā · Vikram -3108 undefined · Śaka -3243 undefined"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7, 6.34-35.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk","steps":[{"label":"BG 6.5","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/5","purpose":"Lift the self by the Self; begin the walk with inner responsibility."},{"label":"BG 6.6","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/6","purpose":"See the mind as friend when mastered and enemy when unmastered."},{"label":"BG 6.7","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/7","purpose":"Stabilize the conquered mind in heat/cold, honor/dishonor, pleasure/pain."},{"label":"BG 6.34","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/34","purpose":"Name the restless mind honestly before trying to discipline it."},{"label":"BG 6.35","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/35","purpose":"Complete with abhyāsa and vairāgya: practice and detachment."}]},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":true,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 21, 3166 BCE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 21, 3166 BCE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 05:43, sūryāsta 18:11.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3165-04-21","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3165-04-21","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3165-04-21","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3165-04-21","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3165-04-21"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-12T03:15:56.402Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-12T03:15:56.402Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-12T03:15:56.402Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","reader-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}