{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:-3148-05-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3148-05-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"-3148-05-16","date_display":"May 16, 3149 BCE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-3148,"month":5,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":571386.770833,"kali_year":-46,"ahargana":-17078.7292,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":86.7575,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":327.9619,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":241.2044,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.2044},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":327.9619,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.9619},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":54.7194},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":40,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":-3148,"month":5,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":571386.770833,"ahargana":-17078.7292,"kali_year":-46,"ayanamsa_lahiri":-48.056,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":86.7575,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":327.9619,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.7033},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":71.7833,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":72.3252,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":33.7539,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":51.3637,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":152.4942,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":4.9133,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":184.9133,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-3148,"month":5,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":571386.770833,"kali_year":-46,"ahargana":-17078.7292,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":86.7575,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":327.9619,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":241.2044,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.2044},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":327.9619,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.9619},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":54.7194},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":40,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.703,"elongation":118.796},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.703,"opposition_distance":61.204}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:23","sunsetLocal":"18:26","solarNoonLocal":"11:54","dayLengthHours":13.05814098112137,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 03 Mins 29 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 56 Mins 31 Secs","moonriseLocal":"22:43","moonsetLocal":"09:16","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:38","end":"10:16","startHours":8.641483838739864,"endHours":10.273751461380037,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:32","end":"15:10","startHours":13.53828670666038,"endHours":15.17055432930055,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:23","end":"07:01","startHours":5.376948593459522,"endHours":7.009216216099693,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:25","end":"08:52","startHours":8.423848155721174,"endHours":8.859119521758554,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:55","end":"06:16","startHours":5.921037801006246,"endHours":6.269254893836149,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:28","end":"12:20","startHours":11.47074771798283,"endHours":12.341290450057587,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:38","end":"04:30","startHours":3.635863129310006,"endHours":4.5064058613847635,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:17","end":"05:23","startHours":4.288770178366074,"endHours":5.376948593459522,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:05","end":"14:57","startHours":14.082375914207104,"endHours":14.952918646281862,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:14","end":"18:38","startHours":18.235089574580893,"endHours":18.635089574580892,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:26","end":"18:59","startHours":18.435089574580893,"endHours":18.979178782127615,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:11","end":"19:56","startHours":18.185089574580893,"endHours":19.935089574580893,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:28","end":"00:20","startHours":23.470747717982828,"endHours":24.34129045005759,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:23","end":"07:01","startHours":5.376948593459522,"endHours":7.009216216099693,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:01","end":"08:38","startHours":7.009216216099693,"endHours":8.641483838739864,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:38","end":"10:16","startHours":8.641483838739864,"endHours":10.273751461380037,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:16","end":"11:54","startHours":10.273751461380037,"endHours":11.906019084020208,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:54","end":"13:32","startHours":11.906019084020208,"endHours":13.53828670666038,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:32","end":"15:10","startHours":13.53828670666038,"endHours":15.17055432930055,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:10","end":"16:48","startHours":15.17055432930055,"endHours":16.80282195194072,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:48","end":"18:26","startHours":16.80282195194072,"endHours":18.435089574580893,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:26","end":"19:48","startHours":18.435089574580893,"endHours":19.80282195194072,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:48","end":"21:10","startHours":19.80282195194072,"endHours":21.17055432930055,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:10","end":"22:32","startHours":21.17055432930055,"endHours":22.53828670666038,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:32","end":"23:54","startHours":22.53828670666038,"endHours":23.90601908402021,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:54","end":"01:16","startHours":23.90601908402021,"endHours":25.273751461380037,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:16","end":"02:38","startHours":25.273751461380037,"endHours":26.641483838739866,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:38","end":"04:01","startHours":26.641483838739866,"endHours":28.009216216099695,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:01","end":"05:23","startHours":28.009216216099695,"endHours":29.376948593459524,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:23","end":"06:23","startHours":5.376948593459522,"endHours":6.376948593459522,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:23","end":"07:23","startHours":6.376948593459522,"endHours":7.376948593459522,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:23","end":"08:23","startHours":7.376948593459522,"endHours":8.376948593459522,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:23","end":"09:23","startHours":8.376948593459522,"endHours":9.376948593459522,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:23","end":"10:23","startHours":9.376948593459522,"endHours":10.376948593459522,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:23","end":"11:23","startHours":10.376948593459522,"endHours":11.376948593459522,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:23","end":"12:23","startHours":11.376948593459522,"endHours":12.376948593459522,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:23","end":"13:23","startHours":12.376948593459522,"endHours":13.376948593459522,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:23","end":"14:23","startHours":13.376948593459522,"endHours":14.376948593459522,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:23","end":"15:23","startHours":14.376948593459522,"endHours":15.376948593459522,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:23","end":"16:23","startHours":15.376948593459522,"endHours":16.376948593459524,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:23","end":"17:23","startHours":16.376948593459524,"endHours":17.376948593459524,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:23","end":"18:23","startHours":17.376948593459524,"endHours":18.376948593459524,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:23","end":"19:23","startHours":18.376948593459524,"endHours":19.376948593459524,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:23","end":"20:23","startHours":19.376948593459524,"endHours":20.376948593459524,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:23","end":"21:23","startHours":20.376948593459524,"endHours":21.376948593459524,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:23","end":"22:23","startHours":21.376948593459524,"endHours":22.376948593459524,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:23","end":"23:23","startHours":22.376948593459524,"endHours":23.376948593459524,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:23","end":"00:23","startHours":23.376948593459524,"endHours":24.376948593459524,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:23","end":"01:23","startHours":24.376948593459524,"endHours":25.376948593459524,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:23","end":"02:23","startHours":25.376948593459524,"endHours":26.376948593459524,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:23","end":"03:23","startHours":26.376948593459524,"endHours":27.376948593459524,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:23","end":"04:23","startHours":27.376948593459524,"endHours":28.376948593459524,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:23","end":"05:23","startHours":28.376948593459524,"endHours":29.376948593459524,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Amṛta","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":14.399854456967224,"eotMinutes":3.743254958787478,"ayanamsa":-48.056}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":-3091,"saka_samvat":-3226,"bengali_samvat":-3741,"malayalam_era":-3972,"nanakshahi_year":-4617,"lunar_month":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āṣāḍha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_amanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mithuna (Āni)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Āṣāḍha Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī · Vikram -3091 undefined · Śaka -3226 undefined"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":true,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 16, 3149 BCE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 16, 3149 BCE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī, sūryodaya 05:23, sūryāsta 18:26.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3148-05-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3148-05-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3148-05-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3148-05-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3148-05-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-12T17:48:17.645Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-12T17:48:17.645Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-12T17:48:17.645Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}