{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:-3130-10-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3130-10-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"-3130-10-16","date_display":"October 16, 3131 BCE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-3130,"month":10,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":578113.770833,"kali_year":-28,"ahargana":-10351.7292,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":236.4774,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":38.4754,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":14,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":161.998,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.998},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":38.4754,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.8088},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":274.9528},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":26,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":-3130,"month":10,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":578113.770833,"ahargana":-10351.7292,"kali_year":-28,"ayanamsa_lahiri":-47.7987,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":236.4774,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":38.4754,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.2477},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":301.6103,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":215.2785,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":218.7349,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":275.8952,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":1.693,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":8.4844,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":188.4844,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-3130,"month":10,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":578113.770833,"kali_year":-28,"ahargana":-10351.7292,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":236.4774,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":38.4754,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":14,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":161.998,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.998},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":38.4754,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.8088},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":274.9528},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":26,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.248,"elongation":161.998},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.248,"opposition_distance":18.002}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:46","sunsetLocal":"17:40","solarNoonLocal":"11:43","dayLengthHours":11.905795606317472,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 54 Mins 21 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 05 Mins 39 Secs","moonriseLocal":"16:35","moonsetLocal":"04:27","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:44","end":"10:14","startHours":8.741162272234282,"endHours":10.229386723023968,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:12","end":"14:42","startHours":13.205835624603335,"endHours":14.694060075393018,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:46","end":"07:15","startHours":5.764713370654914,"endHours":7.252937821444599,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:33","end":"08:56","startHours":8.542732345462325,"endHours":8.93959219900624,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:16","end":"06:35","startHours":6.260788187584809,"endHours":6.578276070419942,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:19","end":"12:07","startHours":11.320751320269734,"endHours":12.114471027357565,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:11","end":"04:58","startHours":4.177273956479251,"endHours":4.970993663567083,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:46","end":"05:46","startHours":4.772563736795125,"endHours":5.764713370654914,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:42","end":"14:30","startHours":13.70191044153323,"endHours":14.49563014862106,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:28","end":"17:52","startHours":17.470508976972386,"endHours":17.870508976972385,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:40","end":"18:10","startHours":17.670508976972386,"endHours":18.16658379390228,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:25","end":"19:10","startHours":17.420508976972386,"endHours":19.170508976972386,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:19","end":"00:07","startHours":23.320751320269736,"endHours":24.114471027357567,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:46","end":"07:15","startHours":5.764713370654914,"endHours":7.252937821444599,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:15","end":"08:44","startHours":7.252937821444599,"endHours":8.741162272234282,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:44","end":"10:14","startHours":8.741162272234282,"endHours":10.229386723023968,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:14","end":"11:43","startHours":10.229386723023968,"endHours":11.717611173813651,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:43","end":"13:12","startHours":11.717611173813651,"endHours":13.205835624603335,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:12","end":"14:42","startHours":13.205835624603335,"endHours":14.694060075393018,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:42","end":"16:11","startHours":14.694060075393018,"endHours":16.182284526182702,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:11","end":"17:40","startHours":16.182284526182702,"endHours":17.670508976972386,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"17:40","end":"19:11","startHours":17.670508976972386,"endHours":19.182284526182702,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:11","end":"20:42","startHours":19.182284526182702,"endHours":20.69406007539302,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:42","end":"22:12","startHours":20.69406007539302,"endHours":22.20583562460333,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:12","end":"23:43","startHours":22.20583562460333,"endHours":23.71761117381365,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:43","end":"01:14","startHours":23.71761117381365,"endHours":25.229386723023964,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:14","end":"02:44","startHours":25.229386723023964,"endHours":26.74116227223428,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:44","end":"04:15","startHours":26.74116227223428,"endHours":28.252937821444597,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:15","end":"05:46","startHours":28.252937821444597,"endHours":29.764713370654913,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:46","end":"06:46","startHours":5.764713370654914,"endHours":6.764713370654914,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:46","end":"07:46","startHours":6.764713370654914,"endHours":7.764713370654914,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:46","end":"08:46","startHours":7.764713370654914,"endHours":8.764713370654913,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:46","end":"09:46","startHours":8.764713370654913,"endHours":9.764713370654913,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:46","end":"10:46","startHours":9.764713370654913,"endHours":10.764713370654913,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:46","end":"11:46","startHours":10.764713370654913,"endHours":11.764713370654913,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:46","end":"12:46","startHours":11.764713370654913,"endHours":12.764713370654913,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:46","end":"13:46","startHours":12.764713370654913,"endHours":13.764713370654913,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:46","end":"14:46","startHours":13.764713370654913,"endHours":14.764713370654913,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:46","end":"15:46","startHours":14.764713370654913,"endHours":15.764713370654913,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:46","end":"16:46","startHours":15.764713370654913,"endHours":16.764713370654913,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:46","end":"17:46","startHours":16.764713370654913,"endHours":17.764713370654913,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:46","end":"18:46","startHours":17.764713370654913,"endHours":18.764713370654913,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:46","end":"19:46","startHours":18.764713370654913,"endHours":19.764713370654913,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:46","end":"20:46","startHours":19.764713370654913,"endHours":20.764713370654913,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:46","end":"21:46","startHours":20.764713370654913,"endHours":21.764713370654913,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:46","end":"22:46","startHours":21.764713370654913,"endHours":22.764713370654913,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:46","end":"23:46","startHours":22.764713370654913,"endHours":23.764713370654913,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:46","end":"00:46","startHours":23.764713370654913,"endHours":24.764713370654913,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:46","end":"01:46","startHours":24.764713370654913,"endHours":25.764713370654913,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:46","end":"02:46","startHours":25.764713370654913,"endHours":26.764713370654913,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:46","end":"03:46","startHours":26.764713370654913,"endHours":27.764713370654913,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:46","end":"04:46","startHours":27.764713370654913,"endHours":28.764713370654913,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:46","end":"05:46","startHours":28.764713370654913,"endHours":29.764713370654913,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Sushira","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-3.440683878785365,"eotMinutes":15.04772957118102,"ayanamsa":-47.7987}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":-3073,"saka_samvat":-3208,"bengali_samvat":-3723,"malayalam_era":-3954,"nanakshahi_year":-4599,"lunar_month":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Mārgaśīrṣa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Vṛścika (Kārttikai)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Mārgaśīrṣa Śukla Caturdaśī · Vikram -3073 undefined · Śaka -3208 undefined"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":true,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga October 16, 3131 BCE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"October 16, 3131 BCE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Śukla Caturdaśī, sūryodaya 05:46, sūryāsta 17:40.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3130-10-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3130-10-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3130-10-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3130-10-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3130-10-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-11T00:17:35.994Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-11T00:17:35.994Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-11T00:17:35.994Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","reader-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}