{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:-3130-09-13:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3130-09-13","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"-3130-09-13","date_display":"September 13, 3131 BCE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-3130,"month":9,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":578080.770833,"kali_year":-28,"ahargana":-10384.7292,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":202.8627,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":328.7738,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":125.9111,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.9111},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":328.7738,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.7738},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":171.6365},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":20,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":-3130,"month":9,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":578080.770833,"ahargana":-10384.7292,"kali_year":-28,"ayanamsa_lahiri":-47.8,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":202.8627,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":328.7738,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.9777},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":277.9423,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":224.1011,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":211.317,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":235.5548,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":3.4999,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":10.2329,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":190.2329,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-3130,"month":9,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":578080.770833,"kali_year":-28,"ahargana":-10384.7292,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":202.8627,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":328.7738,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":125.9111,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.9111},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":328.7738,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.7738},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":171.6365},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":20,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.978,"elongation":125.911},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.978,"opposition_distance":54.089}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-10,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.38,"elongation":2.812}]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:31","sunsetLocal":"18:16","solarNoonLocal":"11:53","dayLengthHours":12.740543819884948,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 44 Mins 26 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 15 Mins 34 Secs","moonriseLocal":"15:00","moonsetLocal":"01:34","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:07","end":"08:42","startHours":7.1114715520453755,"endHours":8.704039529530995,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:18","end":"11:53","startHours":10.296607507016613,"endHours":11.889175484502232,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:29","end":"15:04","startHours":13.48174346198785,"endHours":15.074311439473469,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:30","end":"08:55","startHours":8.491697132532911,"endHours":8.916381926529077,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:03","end":"06:23","startHours":6.049759567054963,"endHours":6.389507402251895,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:28","end":"12:19","startHours":11.464490690506066,"endHours":12.313860278498398,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:49","end":"04:40","startHours":3.8201643985750975,"endHours":4.669533986567427,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:27","end":"05:31","startHours":4.457191589569344,"endHours":5.518903574559757,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:01","end":"14:52","startHours":14.012599454483055,"endHours":14.861969042475385,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:04","end":"18:28","startHours":18.059447394444707,"endHours":18.459447394444705,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:16","end":"18:47","startHours":18.259447394444706,"endHours":18.79030338693991,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:01","end":"19:46","startHours":18.009447394444706,"endHours":19.759447394444706,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:28","end":"00:19","startHours":23.464490690506068,"endHours":24.313860278498396,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:31","end":"07:07","startHours":5.518903574559757,"endHours":7.1114715520453755,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:07","end":"08:42","startHours":7.1114715520453755,"endHours":8.704039529530995,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:42","end":"10:18","startHours":8.704039529530995,"endHours":10.296607507016613,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:18","end":"11:53","startHours":10.296607507016613,"endHours":11.889175484502232,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:53","end":"13:29","startHours":11.889175484502232,"endHours":13.48174346198785,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:29","end":"15:04","startHours":13.48174346198785,"endHours":15.074311439473469,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:04","end":"16:40","startHours":15.074311439473469,"endHours":16.666879416959087,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:40","end":"18:16","startHours":16.666879416959087,"endHours":18.259447394444706,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:16","end":"19:40","startHours":18.259447394444706,"endHours":19.666879416959087,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:40","end":"21:04","startHours":19.666879416959087,"endHours":21.07431143947347,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:04","end":"22:29","startHours":21.07431143947347,"endHours":22.48174346198785,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:29","end":"23:53","startHours":22.48174346198785,"endHours":23.889175484502232,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:53","end":"01:18","startHours":23.889175484502232,"endHours":25.296607507016613,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:18","end":"02:42","startHours":25.296607507016613,"endHours":26.704039529530995,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:42","end":"04:07","startHours":26.704039529530995,"endHours":28.111471552045376,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:07","end":"05:31","startHours":28.111471552045376,"endHours":29.518903574559758,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:31","end":"06:31","startHours":5.518903574559757,"endHours":6.518903574559757,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:31","end":"07:31","startHours":6.518903574559757,"endHours":7.518903574559757,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:31","end":"08:31","startHours":7.518903574559757,"endHours":8.518903574559758,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:31","end":"09:31","startHours":8.518903574559758,"endHours":9.518903574559758,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:31","end":"10:31","startHours":9.518903574559758,"endHours":10.518903574559758,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:31","end":"11:31","startHours":10.518903574559758,"endHours":11.518903574559758,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:31","end":"12:31","startHours":11.518903574559758,"endHours":12.518903574559758,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:31","end":"13:31","startHours":12.518903574559758,"endHours":13.518903574559758,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:31","end":"14:31","startHours":13.518903574559758,"endHours":14.518903574559758,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:31","end":"15:31","startHours":14.518903574559758,"endHours":15.518903574559758,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:31","end":"16:31","startHours":15.518903574559758,"endHours":16.518903574559758,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:31","end":"17:31","startHours":16.518903574559758,"endHours":17.518903574559758,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:31","end":"18:31","startHours":17.518903574559758,"endHours":18.518903574559758,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:31","end":"19:31","startHours":18.518903574559758,"endHours":19.518903574559758,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:31","end":"20:31","startHours":19.518903574559758,"endHours":20.518903574559758,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:31","end":"21:31","startHours":20.518903574559758,"endHours":21.518903574559758,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:31","end":"22:31","startHours":21.518903574559758,"endHours":22.518903574559758,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:31","end":"23:31","startHours":22.518903574559758,"endHours":23.518903574559758,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:31","end":"00:31","startHours":23.518903574559758,"endHours":24.518903574559758,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:31","end":"01:31","startHours":24.518903574559758,"endHours":25.518903574559758,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:31","end":"02:31","startHours":25.518903574559758,"endHours":26.518903574559758,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:31","end":"03:31","startHours":26.518903574559758,"endHours":27.518903574559758,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:31","end":"04:31","startHours":27.518903574559758,"endHours":28.518903574559758,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:31","end":"05:31","startHours":28.518903574559758,"endHours":29.518903574559758,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Ānanda","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":9.653795481900756,"eotMinutes":4.753870929866006,"ayanamsa":-47.8}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":-3073,"saka_samvat":-3208,"bengali_samvat":-3723,"malayalam_era":-3954,"nanakshahi_year":-4599,"lunar_month":"Kārtika","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Kārtika Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Kārtika","lunar_month_amanta":"Kārtika","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Tulā (Aippasi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Kārtika Śukla Ekādaśī · Vikram -3073 undefined · Śaka -3208 undefined"},"festivals":[{"id":"devotthana-ekadashi","name":"Devotthāna Ekādaśī (Prabodhinī)","name_sanskrit":"देवोत्थान एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu awakens; Cāturmāsya ends; weddings can resume.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":11,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Kārtika"},"precedence":3},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7, 6.34-35.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk","steps":[{"label":"BG 6.5","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/5","purpose":"Lift the self by the Self; begin the walk with inner responsibility."},{"label":"BG 6.6","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/6","purpose":"See the mind as friend when mastered and enemy when unmastered."},{"label":"BG 6.7","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/7","purpose":"Stabilize the conquered mind in heat/cold, honor/dishonor, pleasure/pain."},{"label":"BG 6.34","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/34","purpose":"Name the restless mind honestly before trying to discipline it."},{"label":"BG 6.35","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/35","purpose":"Complete with abhyāsa and vairāgya: practice and detachment."}]},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Devotthāna Ekādaśī (Prabodhinī) · Ekādaśī is not live yet; Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":true,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 13, 3131 BCE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 13, 3131 BCE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Śukla Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 05:31, sūryāsta 18:16.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3130-09-13","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3130-09-13","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3130-09-13","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3130-09-13","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3130-09-13"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-12T04:56:34.042Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-12T04:56:34.042Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-12T04:56:34.042Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","reader-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}