{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:-3121-04-20:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3121-04-20","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"-3121-04-20","date_display":"April 20, 3122 BCE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-3121,"month":4,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":581221.770833,"kali_year":-19,"ahargana":-7243.7292,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":61.2064,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":317.8664,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":22,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Saptamī","elongation_degrees":256.66,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.66},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":317.8664,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.1997},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":19.0727},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":42,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":-3121,"month":4,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":581221.770833,"ahargana":-7243.7292,"kali_year":-19,"ayanamsa_lahiri":-47.6799,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":61.2064,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":317.8664,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.1084},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":125.1951,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":65.76,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":112.8641,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":16.6326,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":120.0602,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":203.8076,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":23.8076,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-3121,"month":4,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":581221.770833,"kali_year":-19,"ahargana":-7243.7292,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":61.2064,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":317.8664,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":22,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Saptamī","elongation_degrees":256.66,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.66},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":317.8664,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.1997},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":19.0727},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":42,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.108,"elongation":103.34},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.108,"opposition_distance":76.66}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:43","sunsetLocal":"18:11","solarNoonLocal":"11:57","dayLengthHours":12.461346973059229,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 27 Mins 41 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 32 Mins 19 Secs","moonriseLocal":"23:48","moonsetLocal":"10:19","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:50","end":"10:24","startHours":8.836940532307844,"endHours":10.394608903940249,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:31","end":"15:04","startHours":13.509945647205054,"endHours":15.067614018837459,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:43","end":"07:17","startHours":5.721603789043037,"endHours":7.279272160675441,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:38","end":"09:03","startHours":8.629251416090192,"endHours":9.044629648525499,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:14","end":"06:34","startHours":6.240826579587171,"endHours":6.573129165535417,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:32","end":"12:22","startHours":11.536899043137344,"endHours":12.367655508007958,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:04","end":"04:53","startHours":4.060090859301806,"endHours":4.890847324172422,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:41","end":"05:43","startHours":4.683158207954768,"endHours":5.721603789043037,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:02","end":"14:52","startHours":14.02916843774919,"endHours":14.859924902619806,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:59","end":"18:23","startHours":17.982950762102266,"endHours":18.382950762102265,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:11","end":"18:42","startHours":18.182950762102266,"endHours":18.7021735526464,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:56","end":"19:41","startHours":17.932950762102266,"endHours":19.682950762102266,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:32","end":"00:22","startHours":23.536899043137343,"endHours":24.36765550800796,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:43","end":"07:17","startHours":5.721603789043037,"endHours":7.279272160675441,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:17","end":"08:50","startHours":7.279272160675441,"endHours":8.836940532307844,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:50","end":"10:24","startHours":8.836940532307844,"endHours":10.394608903940249,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:24","end":"11:57","startHours":10.394608903940249,"endHours":11.952277275572651,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:57","end":"13:31","startHours":11.952277275572651,"endHours":13.509945647205054,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:31","end":"15:04","startHours":13.509945647205054,"endHours":15.067614018837459,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:04","end":"16:38","startHours":15.067614018837459,"endHours":16.625282390469863,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:38","end":"18:11","startHours":16.625282390469863,"endHours":18.182950762102266,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:11","end":"19:38","startHours":18.182950762102266,"endHours":19.625282390469863,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:38","end":"21:04","startHours":19.625282390469863,"endHours":21.06761401883746,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:04","end":"22:31","startHours":21.06761401883746,"endHours":22.509945647205054,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:31","end":"23:57","startHours":22.509945647205054,"endHours":23.95227727557265,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:57","end":"01:24","startHours":23.95227727557265,"endHours":25.39460890394025,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:24","end":"02:50","startHours":25.39460890394025,"endHours":26.836940532307842,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:50","end":"04:17","startHours":26.836940532307842,"endHours":28.27927216067544,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:17","end":"05:43","startHours":28.27927216067544,"endHours":29.721603789043037,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:43","end":"06:43","startHours":5.721603789043037,"endHours":6.721603789043037,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:43","end":"07:43","startHours":6.721603789043037,"endHours":7.721603789043037,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:43","end":"08:43","startHours":7.721603789043037,"endHours":8.721603789043037,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:43","end":"09:43","startHours":8.721603789043037,"endHours":9.721603789043037,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:43","end":"10:43","startHours":9.721603789043037,"endHours":10.721603789043037,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:43","end":"11:43","startHours":10.721603789043037,"endHours":11.721603789043037,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:43","end":"12:43","startHours":11.721603789043037,"endHours":12.721603789043037,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:43","end":"13:43","startHours":12.721603789043037,"endHours":13.721603789043037,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:43","end":"14:43","startHours":13.721603789043037,"endHours":14.721603789043037,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:43","end":"15:43","startHours":14.721603789043037,"endHours":15.721603789043037,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:43","end":"16:43","startHours":15.721603789043037,"endHours":16.721603789043037,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:43","end":"17:43","startHours":16.721603789043037,"endHours":17.721603789043037,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:43","end":"18:43","startHours":17.721603789043037,"endHours":18.721603789043037,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:43","end":"19:43","startHours":18.721603789043037,"endHours":19.721603789043037,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:43","end":"20:43","startHours":19.721603789043037,"endHours":20.721603789043037,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:43","end":"21:43","startHours":20.721603789043037,"endHours":21.721603789043037,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:43","end":"22:43","startHours":21.721603789043037,"endHours":22.721603789043037,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:43","end":"23:43","startHours":22.721603789043037,"endHours":23.721603789043037,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:43","end":"00:43","startHours":23.721603789043037,"endHours":24.721603789043037,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:43","end":"01:43","startHours":24.721603789043037,"endHours":25.721603789043037,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:43","end":"02:43","startHours":25.721603789043037,"endHours":26.721603789043037,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:43","end":"03:43","startHours":26.721603789043037,"endHours":27.721603789043037,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:43","end":"04:43","startHours":27.721603789043037,"endHours":28.721603789043037,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:43","end":"05:43","startHours":28.721603789043037,"endHours":29.721603789043037,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Śubha","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":5.33781043874403,"eotMinutes":0.9677634656409275,"ayanamsa":-47.6799}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":-3064,"saka_samvat":-3199,"bengali_samvat":-3714,"malayalam_era":-3945,"nanakshahi_year":-4590,"lunar_month":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āṣāḍha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_amanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mithuna (Āni)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Āṣāḍha Kṛṣṇa Saptamī · Vikram -3064 undefined · Śaka -3199 undefined"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":true,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 20, 3122 BCE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 20, 3122 BCE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Kṛṣṇa Saptamī, sūryodaya 05:43, sūryāsta 18:11.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3121-04-20","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3121-04-20","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3121-04-20","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3121-04-20","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-3121-04-20"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-12T01:10:35.040Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-12T01:10:35.040Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-12T01:10:35.040Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","reader-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}