{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:varanasi:-0443-05-18:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-0443-05-18","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"-0443-05-18","date_display":"May 18, 444 BCE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-443,"month":5,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1559389.770833,"kali_year":2659,"ahargana":970924.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":65.9913,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":277.731,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":18,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":211.7397,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.7397},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":277.731,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.0643},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":343.7223},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":35,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":-443,"month":5,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1559389.770833,"ahargana":970924.2708,"kali_year":2659,"ayanamsa_lahiri":-10.2686,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":65.9913,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":277.731,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.9713},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":95.9068,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":48.3634,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":40.8125,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":40.3023,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":66.6355,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":215.7597,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":35.7597,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-443,"month":5,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1559389.770833,"kali_year":2659,"ahargana":970924.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":65.9913,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":277.731,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":18,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":211.7397,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.7397},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":277.731,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.0643},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":343.7223},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":35,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.971,"elongation":148.26},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.971,"opposition_distance":31.74}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"varanasi","name":"Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)","lat":25.3176,"lon":82.9739,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:13","sunsetLocal":"18:36","solarNoonLocal":"11:54","dayLengthHours":13.395462819571385,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 23 Mins 44 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 36 Mins 16 Secs","moonriseLocal":"20:46","moonsetLocal":"07:17","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"06:53","end":"08:33","startHours":6.883621739486239,"endHours":8.558054591932663,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:14","end":"11:54","startHours":10.232487444379085,"endHours":11.906920296825508,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:35","end":"15:15","startHours":13.58135314927193,"endHours":15.255786001718356,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:20","end":"08:47","startHours":8.334796878273139,"endHours":8.781312305592186,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:46","end":"06:07","startHours":5.767333171188624,"endHours":6.124545513043861,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:28","end":"12:21","startHours":11.460404869506462,"endHours":12.353435724144553,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:25","end":"04:19","startHours":3.4231271777636314,"endHours":4.316158032401724,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:06","end":"05:13","startHours":4.092900318742201,"endHours":5.209188887039816,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:08","end":"15:02","startHours":14.13949743342074,"endHours":15.032528288058833,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:24","end":"18:48","startHours":18.4046517066112,"endHours":18.8046517066112,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:36","end":"19:10","startHours":18.6046517066112,"endHours":19.162795990760007,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:21","end":"20:06","startHours":18.3546517066112,"endHours":20.1046517066112,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:28","end":"00:21","startHours":23.460404869506462,"endHours":24.353435724144553,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:13","end":"06:53","startHours":5.209188887039816,"endHours":6.883621739486239,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:53","end":"08:33","startHours":6.883621739486239,"endHours":8.558054591932663,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:33","end":"10:14","startHours":8.558054591932663,"endHours":10.232487444379085,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:14","end":"11:54","startHours":10.232487444379085,"endHours":11.906920296825508,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:54","end":"13:35","startHours":11.906920296825508,"endHours":13.58135314927193,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:35","end":"15:15","startHours":13.58135314927193,"endHours":15.255786001718356,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:15","end":"16:56","startHours":15.255786001718356,"endHours":16.930218854164778,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:56","end":"18:36","startHours":16.930218854164778,"endHours":18.6046517066112,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:36","end":"19:56","startHours":18.6046517066112,"endHours":19.930218854164778,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:56","end":"21:15","startHours":19.930218854164778,"endHours":21.255786001718356,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:15","end":"22:35","startHours":21.255786001718356,"endHours":22.58135314927193,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:35","end":"23:54","startHours":22.58135314927193,"endHours":23.906920296825508,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:54","end":"01:14","startHours":23.906920296825508,"endHours":25.232487444379085,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:14","end":"02:33","startHours":25.232487444379085,"endHours":26.55805459193266,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:33","end":"03:53","startHours":26.55805459193266,"endHours":27.883621739486237,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:53","end":"05:13","startHours":27.883621739486237,"endHours":29.209188887039815,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:13","end":"06:13","startHours":5.209188887039816,"endHours":6.209188887039816,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:13","end":"07:13","startHours":6.209188887039816,"endHours":7.209188887039816,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:13","end":"08:13","startHours":7.209188887039816,"endHours":8.209188887039815,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:13","end":"09:13","startHours":8.209188887039815,"endHours":9.209188887039815,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:13","end":"10:13","startHours":9.209188887039815,"endHours":10.209188887039815,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:13","end":"11:13","startHours":10.209188887039815,"endHours":11.209188887039815,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:13","end":"12:13","startHours":11.209188887039815,"endHours":12.209188887039815,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:13","end":"13:13","startHours":12.209188887039815,"endHours":13.209188887039815,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:13","end":"14:13","startHours":13.209188887039815,"endHours":14.209188887039815,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:13","end":"15:13","startHours":14.209188887039815,"endHours":15.209188887039815,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:13","end":"16:13","startHours":15.209188887039815,"endHours":16.209188887039815,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:13","end":"17:13","startHours":16.209188887039815,"endHours":17.209188887039815,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:13","end":"18:13","startHours":17.209188887039815,"endHours":18.209188887039815,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:13","end":"19:13","startHours":18.209188887039815,"endHours":19.209188887039815,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:13","end":"20:13","startHours":19.209188887039815,"endHours":20.209188887039815,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:13","end":"21:13","startHours":20.209188887039815,"endHours":21.209188887039815,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:13","end":"22:13","startHours":21.209188887039815,"endHours":22.209188887039815,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:13","end":"23:13","startHours":22.209188887039815,"endHours":23.209188887039815,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:13","end":"00:13","startHours":23.209188887039815,"endHours":24.209188887039815,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:13","end":"01:13","startHours":24.209188887039815,"endHours":25.209188887039815,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:13","end":"02:13","startHours":25.209188887039815,"endHours":26.209188887039815,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:13","end":"03:13","startHours":26.209188887039815,"endHours":27.209188887039815,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:13","end":"04:13","startHours":27.209188887039815,"endHours":28.209188887039815,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:13","end":"05:13","startHours":28.209188887039815,"endHours":29.209188887039815,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Rākṣasa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":19.187152574901006,"eotMinutes":3.6891821904695723,"ayanamsa":-10.2686}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":-386,"saka_samvat":-521,"bengali_samvat":-1036,"malayalam_era":-1267,"nanakshahi_year":-1912,"lunar_month":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āṣāḍha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_amanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mithuna (Āni)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Āṣāḍha Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā · Vikram -386 undefined · Śaka -521 undefined"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7, 6.34-35.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk","steps":[{"label":"BG 6.5","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/5","purpose":"Lift the self by the Self; begin the walk with inner responsibility."},{"label":"BG 6.6","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/6","purpose":"See the mind as friend when mastered and enemy when unmastered."},{"label":"BG 6.7","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/7","purpose":"Stabilize the conquered mind in heat/cold, honor/dishonor, pleasure/pain."},{"label":"BG 6.34","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/34","purpose":"Name the restless mind honestly before trying to discipline it."},{"label":"BG 6.35","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/35","purpose":"Complete with abhyāsa and vairāgya: practice and detachment."}]},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":true,"location_specific":"varanasi"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 18, 444 BCE · Vārāṇasī (Kāśī) · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 18, 444 BCE for Vārāṇasī (Kāśī): Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā, sūryodaya 05:13, sūryāsta 18:36.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-0443-05-18","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-0443-05-18","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-0443-05-18","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-0443-05-18","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/varanasi/-0443-05-18"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-10T13:26:33.751Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-10T13:26:33.751Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-10T13:26:33.751Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","reader-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}