{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:ujjain:2017-01-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/2017-01-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2017-01-16","date_display":"January 16, 2017 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2017,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457769.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869304.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":271.8593,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":137.5128,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":225.6535,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.6535},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":137.5128,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.1795},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":49.3722},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":37,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2017,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457769.770833,"ahargana":1869304.2708,"kali_year":5118,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0911,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":272.002478,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":137.64247799999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.1764},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":326.51127799999995,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":247.884278,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":177.84507800000006,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":318.84227799999996,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":238.74527799999998,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":135.264,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":315.264,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2017,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457769.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869304.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":271.8593,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":137.5128,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":225.6535,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.6535},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":137.5128,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.1795},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":49.3722},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":37,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.176,"elongation":134.347},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.176,"opposition_distance":45.653}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"ujjain","name":"Ujjain","lat":23.1765,"lon":75.7885,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"ujjain","name":"Ujjain","lat":23.1765,"lon":75.7885,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:10","sunsetLocal":"18:03","solarNoonLocal":"12:37","dayLengthHours":10.874542986059577,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 52 Mins 28 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 07 Mins 32 Secs","moonriseLocal":"21:24","moonsetLocal":"09:54","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:32","end":"09:53","startHours":8.531028072590619,"endHours":9.890345945848066,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"11:15","end":"12:37","startHours":11.249663819105514,"endHours":12.60898169236296,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:58","end":"15:20","startHours":13.96829956562041,"endHours":15.327617438877855,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:43","end":"10:04","startHours":9.709103562747075,"endHours":10.071588328949058,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:37","end":"07:55","startHours":7.624816157085655,"endHours":7.9148039700472435,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:15","end":"12:58","startHours":12.246496926160976,"endHours":12.971466458564947,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:43","end":"06:27","startHours":5.721771134525229,"endHours":6.4467406669292,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:16","end":"07:10","startHours":6.265498283828207,"endHours":7.171710199333172,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:25","end":"15:09","startHours":14.42140552337289,"endHours":15.146375055776861,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:51","end":"18:15","startHours":17.84625318539275,"endHours":18.24625318539275,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:03","end":"18:30","startHours":18.04625318539275,"endHours":18.49935914314523,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:48","end":"19:33","startHours":17.79625318539275,"endHours":19.54625318539275,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:15","end":"00:58","startHours":24.246496926160972,"endHours":24.971466458564947,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:10","end":"08:32","startHours":7.171710199333172,"endHours":8.531028072590619,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:32","end":"09:53","startHours":8.531028072590619,"endHours":9.890345945848066,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:53","end":"11:15","startHours":9.890345945848066,"endHours":11.249663819105514,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:15","end":"12:37","startHours":11.249663819105514,"endHours":12.60898169236296,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:37","end":"13:58","startHours":12.60898169236296,"endHours":13.96829956562041,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:58","end":"15:20","startHours":13.96829956562041,"endHours":15.327617438877855,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:20","end":"16:41","startHours":15.327617438877855,"endHours":16.6869353121353,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:41","end":"18:03","startHours":16.6869353121353,"endHours":18.04625318539275,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:03","end":"19:41","startHours":18.04625318539275,"endHours":19.686935312135304,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:41","end":"21:20","startHours":19.686935312135304,"endHours":21.327617438877855,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:20","end":"22:58","startHours":21.327617438877855,"endHours":22.96829956562041,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:58","end":"00:37","startHours":22.96829956562041,"endHours":24.60898169236296,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:37","end":"02:15","startHours":24.60898169236296,"endHours":26.249663819105514,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:15","end":"03:53","startHours":26.249663819105514,"endHours":27.89034594584807,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:53","end":"05:32","startHours":27.89034594584807,"endHours":29.531028072590622,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"05:32","end":"07:10","startHours":29.531028072590622,"endHours":31.171710199333173,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:10","end":"08:10","startHours":7.171710199333172,"endHours":8.171710199333173,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:10","end":"09:10","startHours":8.171710199333173,"endHours":9.171710199333173,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:10","end":"10:10","startHours":9.171710199333173,"endHours":10.171710199333173,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:10","end":"11:10","startHours":10.171710199333173,"endHours":11.171710199333173,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:10","end":"12:10","startHours":11.171710199333173,"endHours":12.171710199333173,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:10","end":"13:10","startHours":12.171710199333173,"endHours":13.171710199333173,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:10","end":"14:10","startHours":13.171710199333173,"endHours":14.171710199333173,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:10","end":"15:10","startHours":14.171710199333173,"endHours":15.171710199333173,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:10","end":"16:10","startHours":15.171710199333173,"endHours":16.171710199333173,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:10","end":"17:10","startHours":16.171710199333173,"endHours":17.171710199333173,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:10","end":"18:10","startHours":17.171710199333173,"endHours":18.171710199333173,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:10","end":"19:10","startHours":18.171710199333173,"endHours":19.171710199333173,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:10","end":"20:10","startHours":19.171710199333173,"endHours":20.171710199333173,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:10","end":"21:10","startHours":20.171710199333173,"endHours":21.171710199333173,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:10","end":"22:10","startHours":21.171710199333173,"endHours":22.171710199333173,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:10","end":"23:10","startHours":22.171710199333173,"endHours":23.171710199333173,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:10","end":"00:10","startHours":23.171710199333173,"endHours":24.171710199333173,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:10","end":"01:10","startHours":24.171710199333173,"endHours":25.171710199333173,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:10","end":"02:10","startHours":25.171710199333173,"endHours":26.171710199333173,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:10","end":"03:10","startHours":26.171710199333173,"endHours":27.171710199333173,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:10","end":"04:10","startHours":27.171710199333173,"endHours":28.171710199333173,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:10","end":"05:10","startHours":28.171710199333173,"endHours":29.171710199333173,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:10","end":"06:10","startHours":29.171710199333173,"endHours":30.171710199333173,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:10","end":"07:10","startHours":30.171710199333173,"endHours":31.171710199333173,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Lumba","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-20.9279897528284,"eotMinutes":-9.692901541777706,"ayanamsa":24.0911}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2074,"vikram_samvatsara":"Sādhāraṇa","saka_samvat":1939,"saka_samvatsara":"Hemalambī","bengali_samvat":1424,"malayalam_era":1193,"nanakshahi_year":548,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Caturthī · Vikram 2074 Sādhāraṇa · Śaka 1939 Hemalambī"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2},{"id":"sankashti-chaturthi","name":"Saṅkaṣṭī Caturthī","name_sanskrit":"सङ्कष्टी चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Gaṇeśa vrata.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":19,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"ujjain"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 16, 2017 CE · Ujjain · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 16, 2017 CE for Ujjain: Kṛṣṇa Caturthī, sūryodaya 07:10, sūryāsta 18:03.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/2017-01-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/2017-01-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/2017-01-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/2017-01-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/2017-01-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T15:52:00.100Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T15:52:00.100Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T15:52:00.100Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}