{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:ujjain:2016-04-23:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/2016-04-23","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2016-04-23","date_display":"April 23, 2016 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":4,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457501.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869036.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":9.3028,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":199.9115,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":190.6087,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.6087},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":199.9115,"elapsed_within_degrees":13.2448},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":209.2142},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":31,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2016,"month":4,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457501.770833,"ahargana":1869036.2708,"kali_year":5118,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0808,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":9.24361799999997,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":198.13181799999995,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.4682},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":224.41431799999998,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":27.965217999999993,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":138.90961800000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":357.125318,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":231.46651799999995,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":149.4639,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":329.4639,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":4,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457501.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869036.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":9.3028,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":199.9115,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":190.6087,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.6087},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":199.9115,"elapsed_within_degrees":13.2448},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":209.2142},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":31,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.468,"elongation":169.391},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.468,"opposition_distance":10.609}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"ujjain","name":"Ujjain","lat":23.1765,"lon":75.7885,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"ujjain","name":"Ujjain","lat":23.1765,"lon":75.7885,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:00","sunsetLocal":"18:51","solarNoonLocal":"12:25","dayLengthHours":12.857939213579783,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 51 Mins 29 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 08 Mins 31 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:25","moonsetLocal":"06:36","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:12","end":"10:49","startHours":9.206238717528144,"endHours":10.813481119225617,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:02","end":"15:38","startHours":14.027965922620563,"endHours":15.635208324318036,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:00","end":"07:36","startHours":5.9917539141331995,"endHours":7.598996315830672,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:00","end":"09:25","startHours":8.99193973063515,"endHours":9.420537704421141,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:32","end":"06:52","startHours":6.52750138136569,"endHours":6.870379760394484,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:00","end":"12:51","startHours":11.992125547137098,"endHours":12.849321494709082,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:17","end":"05:08","startHours":4.277362018989228,"endHours":5.134557966561214,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:55","end":"06:00","startHours":4.920258979668217,"endHours":5.9917539141331995,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:34","end":"15:25","startHours":14.563713389853056,"endHours":15.420909337425043,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:39","end":"19:03","startHours":18.649693127712982,"endHours":19.04969312771298,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:51","end":"19:23","startHours":18.849693127712982,"endHours":19.38544059494547,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:36","end":"20:21","startHours":18.599693127712982,"endHours":20.349693127712982,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:00","end":"00:51","startHours":23.992125547137096,"endHours":24.849321494709084,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:00","end":"07:36","startHours":5.9917539141331995,"endHours":7.598996315830672,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:36","end":"09:12","startHours":7.598996315830672,"endHours":9.206238717528144,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:12","end":"10:49","startHours":9.206238717528144,"endHours":10.813481119225617,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:49","end":"12:25","startHours":10.813481119225617,"endHours":12.42072352092309,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:25","end":"14:02","startHours":12.42072352092309,"endHours":14.027965922620563,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:02","end":"15:38","startHours":14.027965922620563,"endHours":15.635208324318036,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:38","end":"17:15","startHours":15.635208324318036,"endHours":17.24245072601551,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:15","end":"18:51","startHours":17.24245072601551,"endHours":18.849693127712982,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:51","end":"20:15","startHours":18.849693127712982,"endHours":20.24245072601551,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:15","end":"21:38","startHours":20.24245072601551,"endHours":21.635208324318036,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:38","end":"23:02","startHours":21.635208324318036,"endHours":23.027965922620563,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:02","end":"00:25","startHours":23.027965922620563,"endHours":24.42072352092309,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:25","end":"01:49","startHours":24.42072352092309,"endHours":25.813481119225617,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:49","end":"03:12","startHours":25.813481119225617,"endHours":27.206238717528144,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:12","end":"04:36","startHours":27.206238717528144,"endHours":28.59899631583067,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:36","end":"06:00","startHours":28.59899631583067,"endHours":29.9917539141332,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:00","end":"07:00","startHours":5.9917539141331995,"endHours":6.9917539141331995,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:00","end":"08:00","startHours":6.9917539141331995,"endHours":7.9917539141331995,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:00","end":"09:00","startHours":7.9917539141331995,"endHours":8.991753914133199,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:00","end":"10:00","startHours":8.991753914133199,"endHours":9.991753914133199,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:00","end":"11:00","startHours":9.991753914133199,"endHours":10.991753914133199,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:00","end":"12:00","startHours":10.991753914133199,"endHours":11.991753914133199,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:00","end":"13:00","startHours":11.991753914133199,"endHours":12.991753914133199,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:00","end":"14:00","startHours":12.991753914133199,"endHours":13.991753914133199,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:00","end":"15:00","startHours":13.991753914133199,"endHours":14.991753914133199,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:00","end":"16:00","startHours":14.991753914133199,"endHours":15.991753914133199,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:00","end":"17:00","startHours":15.991753914133199,"endHours":16.9917539141332,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:00","end":"18:00","startHours":16.9917539141332,"endHours":17.9917539141332,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:00","end":"19:00","startHours":17.9917539141332,"endHours":18.9917539141332,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:00","end":"20:00","startHours":18.9917539141332,"endHours":19.9917539141332,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:00","end":"21:00","startHours":19.9917539141332,"endHours":20.9917539141332,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:00","end":"22:00","startHours":20.9917539141332,"endHours":21.9917539141332,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:00","end":"23:00","startHours":21.9917539141332,"endHours":22.9917539141332,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:00","end":"00:00","startHours":22.9917539141332,"endHours":23.9917539141332,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:00","end":"01:00","startHours":23.9917539141332,"endHours":24.9917539141332,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:00","end":"02:00","startHours":24.9917539141332,"endHours":25.9917539141332,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:00","end":"03:00","startHours":25.9917539141332,"endHours":26.9917539141332,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:00","end":"04:00","startHours":26.9917539141332,"endHours":27.9917539141332,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:00","end":"05:00","startHours":27.9917539141332,"endHours":28.9917539141332,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:00","end":"06:00","startHours":28.9917539141332,"endHours":29.9917539141332,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Chatra","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":12.621289469112838,"eotMinutes":1.6025887446145586,"ayanamsa":24.0808}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2073,"vikram_samvatsara":"Saumya","saka_samvat":1938,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","bengali_samvat":1423,"malayalam_era":1192,"nanakshahi_year":547,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_amanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pratipada · Vikram 2073 Saumya · Śaka 1938 Durmukhi"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"ujjain"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 23, 2016 CE · Ujjain · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 23, 2016 CE for Ujjain: Kṛṣṇa Pratipada, sūryodaya 06:00, sūryāsta 18:51.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/2016-04-23","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/2016-04-23","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/2016-04-23","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/2016-04-23","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/2016-04-23"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-07-27T19:46:10.622Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-07-27T19:46:10.622Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-07-27T19:46:10.622Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no founder-city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","Divyāṁśa-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}