{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:ujjain:-3173-08-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-3173-08-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"-3173-08-31","date_display":"August 31, 3174 BCE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-3173,"month":8,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":562361.770833,"kali_year":-71,"ahargana":-26103.7292,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":189.9122,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":203.8798,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":13.9676,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.9676},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":203.8798,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.8798},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":33.792},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":2,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":-3173,"month":8,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":562361.770833,"ahargana":-26103.7292,"kali_year":-71,"ayanamsa_lahiri":-48.4012,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":189.9122,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":203.8798,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4417},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":5.3898,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":173.629,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":347.313,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":232.3272,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":210.3187,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":123.1012,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":303.1012,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-3173,"month":8,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":562361.770833,"kali_year":-71,"ahargana":-26103.7292,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":189.9122,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":203.8798,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":13.9676,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.9676},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":203.8798,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.8798},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":33.792},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":2,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.442,"elongation":13.968},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.442,"opposition_distance":166.032}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"ujjain","name":"Ujjain","lat":23.1765,"lon":75.7885,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"ujjain","name":"Ujjain","lat":23.1765,"lon":75.7885,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:58","sunsetLocal":"18:56","solarNoonLocal":"12:27","dayLengthHours":12.962820417420515,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 57 Mins 46 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 02 Mins 14 Secs","moonriseLocal":"07:04","moonsetLocal":"19:42","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:04","end":"15:41","startHours":14.065359393454443,"endHours":15.685711945632008,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"05:58","end":"07:35","startHours":5.963596632566622,"endHours":7.583949184744187,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:12","end":"10:49","startHours":9.204301736921751,"endHours":10.824654289099314,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:59","end":"09:25","startHours":8.988254729964742,"endHours":9.420348743878758,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:30","end":"06:51","startHours":6.503714149959143,"endHours":6.849389361090357,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:01","end":"12:53","startHours":12.012912827362861,"endHours":12.877100855190896,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:14","end":"05:06","startHours":4.235220576910553,"endHours":5.099408604738588,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:53","end":"05:58","startHours":4.88336159778158,"endHours":5.963596632566622,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:36","end":"15:28","startHours":14.605476910846965,"endHours":15.469664938674999,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:44","end":"19:08","startHours":18.726417049987138,"endHours":19.126417049987136,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:56","end":"19:28","startHours":18.926417049987137,"endHours":19.466534567379657,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:41","end":"20:26","startHours":18.676417049987137,"endHours":20.426417049987137,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:01","end":"00:53","startHours":24.01291282736286,"endHours":24.877100855190896,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:58","end":"07:35","startHours":5.963596632566622,"endHours":7.583949184744187,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:35","end":"09:12","startHours":7.583949184744187,"endHours":9.204301736921751,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:12","end":"10:49","startHours":9.204301736921751,"endHours":10.824654289099314,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:49","end":"12:27","startHours":10.824654289099314,"endHours":12.445006841276879,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:27","end":"14:04","startHours":12.445006841276879,"endHours":14.065359393454443,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:04","end":"15:41","startHours":14.065359393454443,"endHours":15.685711945632008,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:41","end":"17:18","startHours":15.685711945632008,"endHours":17.306064497809572,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:18","end":"18:56","startHours":17.306064497809572,"endHours":18.926417049987137,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:56","end":"20:18","startHours":18.926417049987137,"endHours":20.306064497809572,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:18","end":"21:41","startHours":20.306064497809572,"endHours":21.685711945632008,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:41","end":"23:04","startHours":21.685711945632008,"endHours":23.065359393454443,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:04","end":"00:27","startHours":23.065359393454443,"endHours":24.44500684127688,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:27","end":"01:49","startHours":24.44500684127688,"endHours":25.824654289099314,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:49","end":"03:12","startHours":25.824654289099314,"endHours":27.20430173692175,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:12","end":"04:35","startHours":27.20430173692175,"endHours":28.583949184744185,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:35","end":"05:58","startHours":28.583949184744185,"endHours":29.96359663256662,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:58","end":"06:58","startHours":5.963596632566622,"endHours":6.963596632566622,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:58","end":"07:58","startHours":6.963596632566622,"endHours":7.963596632566622,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:58","end":"08:58","startHours":7.963596632566622,"endHours":8.963596632566622,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:58","end":"09:58","startHours":8.963596632566622,"endHours":9.963596632566622,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:58","end":"10:58","startHours":9.963596632566622,"endHours":10.963596632566622,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:58","end":"11:58","startHours":10.963596632566622,"endHours":11.963596632566622,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:58","end":"12:58","startHours":11.963596632566622,"endHours":12.963596632566622,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:58","end":"13:58","startHours":12.963596632566622,"endHours":13.963596632566622,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:58","end":"14:58","startHours":13.963596632566622,"endHours":14.963596632566622,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:58","end":"15:58","startHours":14.963596632566622,"endHours":15.963596632566622,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:58","end":"16:58","startHours":15.963596632566622,"endHours":16.96359663256662,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:58","end":"17:58","startHours":16.96359663256662,"endHours":17.96359663256662,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:58","end":"18:58","startHours":17.96359663256662,"endHours":18.96359663256662,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:58","end":"19:58","startHours":18.96359663256662,"endHours":19.96359663256662,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:58","end":"20:58","startHours":19.96359663256662,"endHours":20.96359663256662,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:58","end":"21:58","startHours":20.96359663256662,"endHours":21.96359663256662,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:58","end":"22:58","startHours":21.96359663256662,"endHours":22.96359663256662,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:58","end":"23:58","startHours":22.96359663256662,"endHours":23.96359663256662,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:58","end":"00:58","startHours":23.96359663256662,"endHours":24.96359663256662,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:58","end":"01:58","startHours":24.96359663256662,"endHours":25.96359663256662,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:58","end":"02:58","startHours":25.96359663256662,"endHours":26.96359663256662,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:58","end":"03:58","startHours":26.96359663256662,"endHours":27.96359663256662,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:58","end":"04:58","startHours":27.96359663256662,"endHours":28.96359663256662,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:58","end":"05:58","startHours":28.96359663256662,"endHours":29.96359663256662,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Prajāpati","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":14.331665291085248,"eotMinutes":0.14558952338733633,"ayanamsa":-48.4012}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":-3116,"saka_samvat":-3251,"saka_samvatsara":"Prabhava","bengali_samvat":-3766,"malayalam_era":-3997,"nanakshahi_year":-4642,"lunar_month":"Kārtika","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Kārtika Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Kārtika","lunar_month_amanta":"Kārtika","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Tulā (Aippasi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Kārtika Śukla Dvitīyā · Vikram -3116 undefined · Śaka -3251 Prabhava"},"festivals":[{"id":"bhai-dooj","name":"Bhāi Dūja / Bhrātṛ Dvitīyā","name_sanskrit":"भ्रातृ द्वितीया","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Yama + Yamunā (sister-brother)","significance":"Yamunā's reception of brother Yama; sisters welcome brothers. Day 5 of Diwali.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":2,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Kārtika"},"precedence":3}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Bhāi Dūja / Bhrātṛ Dvitīyā is not live yet; Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":true,"location_specific":"ujjain"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga August 31, 3174 BCE · Ujjain · Vidhyamitra","description":"August 31, 3174 BCE for Ujjain: Śukla Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 05:58, sūryāsta 18:56.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-3173-08-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-3173-08-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-3173-08-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-3173-08-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-3173-08-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-10T12:27:28.478Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-10T12:27:28.478Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-10T12:27:28.478Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","reader-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}