{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:ujjain:-3171-09-02:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-3171-09-02","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"-3171-09-02","date_display":"September 2, 3172 BCE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-3171,"month":9,"day":2,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":563094.770833,"kali_year":-69,"ahargana":-25370.7292,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":192.4011,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":144.0749,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":311.6738,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.6738},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":144.0749,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.7415},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":336.476},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":51,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":-3171,"month":9,"day":2,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":563094.770833,"ahargana":-25370.7292,"kali_year":-69,"ayanamsa_lahiri":-48.3731,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":192.4011,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":144.0749,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.8887},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":69.3185,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":201.1677,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":65.7794,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":155.1578,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":229.6495,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":84.2633,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":264.2633,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-3171,"month":9,"day":2,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":563094.770833,"kali_year":-69,"ahargana":-25370.7292,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":192.4011,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":144.0749,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":311.6738,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.6738},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":144.0749,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.7415},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":336.476},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":51,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.889,"elongation":48.326},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.889,"opposition_distance":131.674}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"ujjain","name":"Ujjain","lat":23.1765,"lon":75.7885,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"ujjain","name":"Ujjain","lat":23.1765,"lon":75.7885,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:59","sunsetLocal":"18:53","solarNoonLocal":"12:26","dayLengthHours":12.912244774258994,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 54 Mins 44 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 05 Mins 16 Secs","moonriseLocal":"02:27","moonsetLocal":"15:58","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:40","end":"17:17","startHours":15.661965153656197,"endHours":17.27599575043857,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:12","end":"10:49","startHours":9.2058427665267,"endHours":10.819873363309075,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:26","end":"14:03","startHours":12.433903960091449,"endHours":14.047934556873823,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:59","end":"09:25","startHours":8.990638686955718,"endHours":9.421046846097685,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:31","end":"06:52","startHours":6.515791771889411,"endHours":6.860118299202984,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:00","end":"12:52","startHours":12.003495800949482,"endHours":12.864312119233416,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:15","end":"05:07","startHours":4.256148936394087,"endHours":5.1169652546780195,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:54","end":"05:59","startHours":4.901761175107037,"endHours":5.977781572961953,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:35","end":"15:27","startHours":14.585944755801282,"endHours":15.446761074085215,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:41","end":"19:05","startHours":18.690026347220947,"endHours":19.090026347220945,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:53","end":"19:26","startHours":18.890026347220946,"endHours":19.428036546148405,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:38","end":"20:23","startHours":18.640026347220946,"endHours":20.390026347220946,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:00","end":"00:52","startHours":24.003495800949484,"endHours":24.864312119233414,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"05:59","end":"07:36","startHours":5.977781572961953,"endHours":7.591812169744327,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:36","end":"09:12","startHours":7.591812169744327,"endHours":9.2058427665267,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:12","end":"10:49","startHours":9.2058427665267,"endHours":10.819873363309075,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:49","end":"12:26","startHours":10.819873363309075,"endHours":12.433903960091449,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:26","end":"14:03","startHours":12.433903960091449,"endHours":14.047934556873823,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:03","end":"15:40","startHours":14.047934556873823,"endHours":15.661965153656197,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:40","end":"17:17","startHours":15.661965153656197,"endHours":17.27599575043857,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:17","end":"18:53","startHours":17.27599575043857,"endHours":18.890026347220946,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:53","end":"20:17","startHours":18.890026347220946,"endHours":20.27599575043857,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:17","end":"21:40","startHours":20.27599575043857,"endHours":21.661965153656197,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:40","end":"23:03","startHours":21.661965153656197,"endHours":23.047934556873823,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:03","end":"00:26","startHours":23.047934556873823,"endHours":24.43390396009145,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:26","end":"01:49","startHours":24.43390396009145,"endHours":25.819873363309075,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:49","end":"03:12","startHours":25.819873363309075,"endHours":27.2058427665267,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:12","end":"04:36","startHours":27.2058427665267,"endHours":28.591812169744326,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:36","end":"05:59","startHours":28.591812169744326,"endHours":29.977781572961952,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:59","end":"06:59","startHours":5.977781572961953,"endHours":6.977781572961953,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:59","end":"07:59","startHours":6.977781572961953,"endHours":7.977781572961953,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:59","end":"08:59","startHours":7.977781572961953,"endHours":8.977781572961952,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:59","end":"09:59","startHours":8.977781572961952,"endHours":9.977781572961952,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:59","end":"10:59","startHours":9.977781572961952,"endHours":10.977781572961952,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:59","end":"11:59","startHours":10.977781572961952,"endHours":11.977781572961952,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:59","end":"12:59","startHours":11.977781572961952,"endHours":12.977781572961952,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:59","end":"13:59","startHours":12.977781572961952,"endHours":13.977781572961952,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:59","end":"14:59","startHours":13.977781572961952,"endHours":14.977781572961952,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:59","end":"15:59","startHours":14.977781572961952,"endHours":15.977781572961952,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:59","end":"16:59","startHours":15.977781572961952,"endHours":16.977781572961952,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:59","end":"17:59","startHours":16.977781572961952,"endHours":17.977781572961952,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:59","end":"18:59","startHours":17.977781572961952,"endHours":18.977781572961952,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:59","end":"19:59","startHours":18.977781572961952,"endHours":19.977781572961952,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:59","end":"20:59","startHours":19.977781572961952,"endHours":20.977781572961952,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:59","end":"21:59","startHours":20.977781572961952,"endHours":21.977781572961952,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:59","end":"22:59","startHours":21.977781572961952,"endHours":22.977781572961952,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:59","end":"23:59","startHours":22.977781572961952,"endHours":23.977781572961952,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:59","end":"00:59","startHours":23.977781572961952,"endHours":24.977781572961952,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:59","end":"01:59","startHours":24.977781572961952,"endHours":25.977781572961952,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:59","end":"02:59","startHours":25.977781572961952,"endHours":26.977781572961952,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:59","end":"03:59","startHours":26.977781572961952,"endHours":27.977781572961952,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:59","end":"04:59","startHours":27.977781572961952,"endHours":28.977781572961952,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:59","end":"05:59","startHours":28.977781572961952,"endHours":29.977781572961952,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Siddhi","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":13.510526132245886,"eotMinutes":0.8117623945129984,"ayanamsa":-48.3731}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":-3114,"saka_samvat":-3249,"bengali_samvat":-3764,"malayalam_era":-3995,"nanakshahi_year":-4640,"lunar_month":"Kārtika","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Kārtika Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Kārtika","lunar_month_amanta":"Kārtika","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Tulā (Aippasi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Kārtika Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī · Vikram -3114 undefined · Śaka -3249 undefined"},"festivals":[{"id":"utpanna-ekadashi","name":"Utpannā Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"उत्पन्ना एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Ekādaśī Devī (born of Viṣṇu)","significance":"Birth-day of Ekādaśī Devī herself; first Ekādaśī observed historically.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":26,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Kārtika"},"precedence":3},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Utpannā Ekādaśī · Ekādaśī is not live yet; Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":true,"location_specific":"ujjain"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 2, 3172 BCE · Ujjain · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 2, 3172 BCE for Ujjain: Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 05:59, sūryāsta 18:53.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-3171-09-02","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-3171-09-02","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-3171-09-02","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-3171-09-02","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-3171-09-02"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-13T22:31:34.857Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-13T22:31:34.857Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-13T22:31:34.857Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","reader-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}