{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:ujjain:-0478-05-17:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-0478-05-17","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"-0478-05-17","date_display":"May 17, 479 BCE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-478,"month":5,"day":17,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1546604.770833,"kali_year":2624,"ahargana":958139.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":65.0976,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":298.4139,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":233.3163,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.3163},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":298.4139,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.0806},"yoga":{"number":1,"name":"Viṣkambha","sum_longitude":3.5115},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":38,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":-478,"month":5,"day":17,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1546604.770833,"ahargana":958139.2708,"kali_year":2624,"ayanamsa_lahiri":-10.7576,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":65.0976,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":298.4139,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.6739},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":212.882,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":54.8696,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":54.8203,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":54.7689,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":356.7751,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":173.1705,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":353.1705,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-478,"month":5,"day":17,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1546604.770833,"kali_year":2624,"ahargana":958139.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":65.0976,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":298.4139,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":233.3163,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.3163},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":298.4139,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.0806},"yoga":{"number":1,"name":"Viṣkambha","sum_longitude":3.5115},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":38,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.674,"elongation":126.684},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.674,"opposition_distance":53.316}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"ujjain","name":"Ujjain","lat":23.1765,"lon":75.7885,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"ujjain","name":"Ujjain","lat":23.1765,"lon":75.7885,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:46","sunsetLocal":"19:01","solarNoonLocal":"12:23","dayLengthHours":13.250048200670626,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 15 Mins 00 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 45 Mins 00 Secs","moonriseLocal":"22:34","moonsetLocal":"09:19","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:44","end":"12:23","startHours":10.729162648349286,"endHours":12.385418673433115,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:42","end":"17:21","startHours":15.69793072360077,"endHours":17.3541867486846,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:25","end":"09:04","startHours":7.416650598181629,"endHours":9.072906623265457,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:51","end":"09:18","startHours":8.852072486587614,"endHours":9.2937407599433,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:19","end":"06:40","startHours":6.31247991479241,"endHours":6.6658145334769605,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:57","end":"12:50","startHours":11.943750400077427,"endHours":12.827086946788803,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:00","end":"04:53","startHours":3.9937214796750506,"endHours":4.877058026386426,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:39","end":"05:46","startHours":4.656223889708582,"endHours":5.760394573097801,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:36","end":"15:29","startHours":14.593760040211553,"endHours":15.477096586922928,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:49","end":"19:13","startHours":18.81044277376843,"endHours":19.210442773768428,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:01","end":"19:34","startHours":19.01044277376843,"endHours":19.56252811546304,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:46","end":"20:31","startHours":18.76044277376843,"endHours":20.51044277376843,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:57","end":"00:50","startHours":23.943750400077427,"endHours":24.827086946788803,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"05:46","end":"07:25","startHours":5.760394573097801,"endHours":7.416650598181629,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:25","end":"09:04","startHours":7.416650598181629,"endHours":9.072906623265457,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:04","end":"10:44","startHours":9.072906623265457,"endHours":10.729162648349286,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:44","end":"12:23","startHours":10.729162648349286,"endHours":12.385418673433115,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:23","end":"14:03","startHours":12.385418673433115,"endHours":14.041674698516942,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:03","end":"15:42","startHours":14.041674698516942,"endHours":15.69793072360077,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:42","end":"17:21","startHours":15.69793072360077,"endHours":17.3541867486846,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"17:21","end":"19:01","startHours":17.3541867486846,"endHours":19.01044277376843,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"19:01","end":"20:21","startHours":19.01044277376843,"endHours":20.3541867486846,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:21","end":"21:42","startHours":20.3541867486846,"endHours":21.69793072360077,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:42","end":"23:03","startHours":21.69793072360077,"endHours":23.041674698516942,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:03","end":"00:23","startHours":23.041674698516942,"endHours":24.385418673433115,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:23","end":"01:44","startHours":24.385418673433115,"endHours":25.729162648349288,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:44","end":"03:04","startHours":25.729162648349288,"endHours":27.07290662326546,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:04","end":"04:25","startHours":27.07290662326546,"endHours":28.41665059818163,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:25","end":"05:46","startHours":28.41665059818163,"endHours":29.760394573097802,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:46","end":"06:46","startHours":5.760394573097801,"endHours":6.760394573097801,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:46","end":"07:46","startHours":6.760394573097801,"endHours":7.760394573097801,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:46","end":"08:46","startHours":7.760394573097801,"endHours":8.760394573097802,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:46","end":"09:46","startHours":8.760394573097802,"endHours":9.760394573097802,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:46","end":"10:46","startHours":9.760394573097802,"endHours":10.760394573097802,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:46","end":"11:46","startHours":10.760394573097802,"endHours":11.760394573097802,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:46","end":"12:46","startHours":11.760394573097802,"endHours":12.760394573097802,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:46","end":"13:46","startHours":12.760394573097802,"endHours":13.760394573097802,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:46","end":"14:46","startHours":13.760394573097802,"endHours":14.760394573097802,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:46","end":"15:46","startHours":14.760394573097802,"endHours":15.760394573097802,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:46","end":"16:46","startHours":15.760394573097802,"endHours":16.760394573097802,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:46","end":"17:46","startHours":16.760394573097802,"endHours":17.760394573097802,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:46","end":"18:46","startHours":17.760394573097802,"endHours":18.760394573097802,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:46","end":"19:46","startHours":18.760394573097802,"endHours":19.760394573097802,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:46","end":"20:46","startHours":19.760394573097802,"endHours":20.760394573097802,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:46","end":"21:46","startHours":20.760394573097802,"endHours":21.760394573097802,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:46","end":"22:46","startHours":21.760394573097802,"endHours":22.760394573097802,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:46","end":"23:46","startHours":22.760394573097802,"endHours":23.760394573097802,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:46","end":"00:46","startHours":23.760394573097802,"endHours":24.760394573097802,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:46","end":"01:46","startHours":24.760394573097802,"endHours":25.760394573097802,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:46","end":"02:46","startHours":25.760394573097802,"endHours":26.760394573097802,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:46","end":"03:46","startHours":26.760394573097802,"endHours":27.760394573097802,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:46","end":"04:46","startHours":27.760394573097802,"endHours":28.760394573097802,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:46","end":"05:46","startHours":28.760394573097802,"endHours":29.760394573097802,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Lumba","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":18.853769017620767,"eotMinutes":3.7208795940131294,"ayanamsa":-10.7576}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":-421,"saka_samvat":-556,"bengali_samvat":-1071,"malayalam_era":-1302,"nanakshahi_year":-1947,"lunar_month":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āṣāḍha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_amanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mithuna (Āni)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Āṣāḍha Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī · Vikram -421 undefined · Śaka -556 undefined"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":true,"location_specific":"ujjain"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 17, 479 BCE · Ujjain · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 17, 479 BCE for Ujjain: Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī, sūryodaya 05:46, sūryāsta 19:01.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-0478-05-17","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-0478-05-17","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-0478-05-17","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-0478-05-17","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-0478-05-17"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-11T19:01:44.767Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-11T19:01:44.767Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-11T19:01:44.767Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}