{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:ujjain:-0478-04-18:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-0478-04-18","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"-0478-04-18","date_display":"April 18, 479 BCE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-478,"month":4,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1546575.770833,"kali_year":2624,"ahargana":958110.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":37.5328,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":277.7385,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":240.2057,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.2057},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":277.7385,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.0718},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":315.2713},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":40,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":-478,"month":4,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1546575.770833,"ahargana":958110.2708,"kali_year":2624,"ayanamsa_lahiri":-10.7587,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":37.5328,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":277.7385,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.3839},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":221.5619,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":52.7246,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":48.2201,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":18.2424,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":354.1086,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":174.7071,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":354.7071,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-478,"month":4,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1546575.770833,"kali_year":2624,"ahargana":958110.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":37.5328,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":277.7385,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":240.2057,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.2057},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":277.7385,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.0718},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":315.2713},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":40,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.384,"elongation":119.794},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.384,"opposition_distance":60.206}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"ujjain","name":"Ujjain","lat":23.1765,"lon":75.7885,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"ujjain","name":"Ujjain","lat":23.1765,"lon":75.7885,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:05","sunsetLocal":"18:48","solarNoonLocal":"12:26","dayLengthHours":12.719480876344736,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 43 Mins 10 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 16 Mins 50 Secs","moonriseLocal":"23:07","moonsetLocal":"09:47","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:02","end":"15:37","startHours":14.028937061278366,"endHours":15.618872170821462,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:05","end":"07:40","startHours":6.079261513562908,"endHours":7.669196623106,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:16","end":"10:51","startHours":9.259131732649092,"endHours":10.849066842192183,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:03","end":"09:28","startHours":9.047140384710012,"endHours":9.471123080588171,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:37","end":"06:57","startHours":6.609239883410605,"endHours":6.948426040113131,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:01","end":"12:52","startHours":12.01501925585712,"endHours":12.862984647613434,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:23","end":"05:14","startHours":4.383330730050276,"endHours":5.231296121806592,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:01","end":"06:05","startHours":5.019304773867512,"endHours":6.079261513562908,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:34","end":"15:24","startHours":14.558915431126067,"endHours":15.406880822882384,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:36","end":"19:00","startHours":18.598742389907645,"endHours":18.998742389907644,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:48","end":"19:20","startHours":18.798742389907645,"endHours":19.328720759755342,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:33","end":"20:18","startHours":18.548742389907645,"endHours":20.298742389907645,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:01","end":"00:52","startHours":24.01501925585712,"endHours":24.862984647613438,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:05","end":"07:40","startHours":6.079261513562908,"endHours":7.669196623106,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:40","end":"09:16","startHours":7.669196623106,"endHours":9.259131732649092,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:16","end":"10:51","startHours":9.259131732649092,"endHours":10.849066842192183,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:51","end":"12:26","startHours":10.849066842192183,"endHours":12.439001951735275,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:26","end":"14:02","startHours":12.439001951735275,"endHours":14.028937061278366,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:02","end":"15:37","startHours":14.028937061278366,"endHours":15.618872170821462,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:37","end":"17:13","startHours":15.618872170821462,"endHours":17.208807280364553,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:13","end":"18:48","startHours":17.208807280364553,"endHours":18.798742389907645,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:48","end":"20:13","startHours":18.798742389907645,"endHours":20.208807280364553,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:13","end":"21:37","startHours":20.208807280364553,"endHours":21.61887217082146,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:37","end":"23:02","startHours":21.61887217082146,"endHours":23.02893706127837,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:02","end":"00:26","startHours":23.02893706127837,"endHours":24.43900195173528,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:26","end":"01:51","startHours":24.43900195173528,"endHours":25.849066842192187,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:51","end":"03:16","startHours":25.849066842192187,"endHours":27.25913173264909,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:16","end":"04:40","startHours":27.25913173264909,"endHours":28.669196623106,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:40","end":"06:05","startHours":28.669196623106,"endHours":30.07926151356291,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:05","end":"07:05","startHours":6.079261513562908,"endHours":7.079261513562908,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:05","end":"08:05","startHours":7.079261513562908,"endHours":8.079261513562908,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:05","end":"09:05","startHours":8.079261513562908,"endHours":9.079261513562908,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:05","end":"10:05","startHours":9.079261513562908,"endHours":10.079261513562908,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:05","end":"11:05","startHours":10.079261513562908,"endHours":11.079261513562908,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:05","end":"12:05","startHours":11.079261513562908,"endHours":12.079261513562908,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:05","end":"13:05","startHours":12.079261513562908,"endHours":13.079261513562908,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:05","end":"14:05","startHours":13.079261513562908,"endHours":14.079261513562908,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:05","end":"15:05","startHours":14.079261513562908,"endHours":15.079261513562908,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:05","end":"16:05","startHours":15.079261513562908,"endHours":16.07926151356291,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:05","end":"17:05","startHours":16.07926151356291,"endHours":17.07926151356291,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:05","end":"18:05","startHours":17.07926151356291,"endHours":18.07926151356291,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:05","end":"19:05","startHours":18.07926151356291,"endHours":19.07926151356291,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:05","end":"20:05","startHours":19.07926151356291,"endHours":20.07926151356291,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:05","end":"21:05","startHours":20.07926151356291,"endHours":21.07926151356291,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:05","end":"22:05","startHours":21.07926151356291,"endHours":22.07926151356291,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:05","end":"23:05","startHours":22.07926151356291,"endHours":23.07926151356291,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:05","end":"00:05","startHours":23.07926151356291,"endHours":24.07926151356291,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:05","end":"01:05","startHours":24.07926151356291,"endHours":25.07926151356291,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:05","end":"02:05","startHours":25.07926151356291,"endHours":26.07926151356291,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:05","end":"03:05","startHours":26.07926151356291,"endHours":27.07926151356291,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:05","end":"04:05","startHours":27.07926151356291,"endHours":28.07926151356291,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:05","end":"05:05","startHours":28.07926151356291,"endHours":29.07926151356291,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:05","end":"06:05","startHours":29.07926151356291,"endHours":30.07926151356291,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Vajra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":10.321309876291432,"eotMinutes":0.5058828958834352,"ayanamsa":-10.7587}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":-421,"saka_samvat":-556,"bengali_samvat":-1071,"malayalam_era":-1302,"nanakshahi_year":-1947,"lunar_month":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Jyeṣṭha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_amanta":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Vṛṣabha (Vaikāsi)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Jyeṣṭha Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī · Vikram -421 undefined · Śaka -556 undefined"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":true,"location_specific":"ujjain"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 18, 479 BCE · Ujjain · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 18, 479 BCE for Ujjain: Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī, sūryodaya 06:05, sūryāsta 18:48.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-0478-04-18","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-0478-04-18","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-0478-04-18","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-0478-04-18","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-0478-04-18"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-11T20:42:04.955Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-11T20:42:04.955Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-11T20:42:04.955Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","reader-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}