{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:ujjain:-0478-03-02:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-0478-03-02","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"-0478-03-02","date_display":"March 2, 479 BCE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-478,"month":3,"day":2,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1546528.770833,"kali_year":2623,"ahargana":958063.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":352.0637,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":14.7164,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":22.6526,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.6526},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":14.7164,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.383},"yoga":{"number":1,"name":"Viṣkambha","sum_longitude":6.7801},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":3,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":-478,"month":3,"day":2,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1546528.770833,"ahargana":958063.2708,"kali_year":2623,"ayanamsa_lahiri":-10.7605,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":352.0637,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":14.7164,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.3533},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":228.818,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":334.376,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":38.5471,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":319.4417,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":348.3131,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":177.1974,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":357.1974,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-478,"month":3,"day":2,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1546528.770833,"kali_year":2623,"ahargana":958063.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":352.0637,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":14.7164,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":22.6526,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.6526},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":14.7164,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.383},"yoga":{"number":1,"name":"Viṣkambha","sum_longitude":6.7801},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":3,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.353,"elongation":22.653},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.353,"opposition_distance":157.347}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":12,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.497,"opposition_distance":0.884}]},"city":{"slug":"ujjain","name":"Ujjain","lat":23.1765,"lon":75.7885,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"ujjain","name":"Ujjain","lat":23.1765,"lon":75.7885,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:49","sunsetLocal":"18:31","solarNoonLocal":"12:40","dayLengthHours":11.701312719918871,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 42 Mins 05 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 17 Mins 55 Secs","moonriseLocal":"08:05","moonsetLocal":"20:16","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:44","end":"11:12","startHours":9.73633101770806,"endHours":11.198995107697918,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:07","end":"15:35","startHours":14.124323287677637,"endHours":15.586987377667494,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:49","end":"08:16","startHours":6.811002837728342,"endHours":8.273666927718201,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:32","end":"09:56","startHours":9.541309139042745,"endHours":9.931352896373374,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:18","end":"07:37","startHours":7.2985575343916285,"endHours":7.610592540256132,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:16","end":"13:03","startHours":12.271615440357149,"endHours":13.051702955018406,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:15","end":"06:02","startHours":5.250827808405826,"endHours":6.030915323067084,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:50","end":"06:49","startHours":5.835893444401769,"endHours":6.811002837728342,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:37","end":"15:24","startHours":14.611877984340921,"endHours":15.391965499002179,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:19","end":"18:43","startHours":18.312315557647214,"endHours":18.712315557647212,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:31","end":"19:00","startHours":18.512315557647213,"endHours":18.999870254310498,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:16","end":"20:01","startHours":18.262315557647213,"endHours":20.012315557647213,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:16","end":"01:03","startHours":24.271615440357145,"endHours":25.051702955018406,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:49","end":"08:16","startHours":6.811002837728342,"endHours":8.273666927718201,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:16","end":"09:44","startHours":8.273666927718201,"endHours":9.73633101770806,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:44","end":"11:12","startHours":9.73633101770806,"endHours":11.198995107697918,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:12","end":"12:40","startHours":11.198995107697918,"endHours":12.661659197687777,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:40","end":"14:07","startHours":12.661659197687777,"endHours":14.124323287677637,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:07","end":"15:35","startHours":14.124323287677637,"endHours":15.586987377667494,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:35","end":"17:03","startHours":15.586987377667494,"endHours":17.049651467657355,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:03","end":"18:31","startHours":17.049651467657355,"endHours":18.512315557647213,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:31","end":"20:03","startHours":18.512315557647213,"endHours":20.049651467657355,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:03","end":"21:35","startHours":20.049651467657355,"endHours":21.586987377667494,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:35","end":"23:07","startHours":21.586987377667494,"endHours":23.124323287677637,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:07","end":"00:40","startHours":23.124323287677637,"endHours":24.661659197687776,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:40","end":"02:12","startHours":24.661659197687776,"endHours":26.198995107697918,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:12","end":"03:44","startHours":26.198995107697918,"endHours":27.73633101770806,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:44","end":"05:16","startHours":27.73633101770806,"endHours":29.273666927718203,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:16","end":"06:49","startHours":29.273666927718203,"endHours":30.811002837728342,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:49","end":"07:49","startHours":6.811002837728342,"endHours":7.811002837728342,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:49","end":"08:49","startHours":7.811002837728342,"endHours":8.811002837728342,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:49","end":"09:49","startHours":8.811002837728342,"endHours":9.811002837728342,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:49","end":"10:49","startHours":9.811002837728342,"endHours":10.811002837728342,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:49","end":"11:49","startHours":10.811002837728342,"endHours":11.811002837728342,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:49","end":"12:49","startHours":11.811002837728342,"endHours":12.811002837728342,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:49","end":"13:49","startHours":12.811002837728342,"endHours":13.811002837728342,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:49","end":"14:49","startHours":13.811002837728342,"endHours":14.811002837728342,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:49","end":"15:49","startHours":14.811002837728342,"endHours":15.811002837728342,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:49","end":"16:49","startHours":15.811002837728342,"endHours":16.811002837728342,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:49","end":"17:49","startHours":16.811002837728342,"endHours":17.811002837728342,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:49","end":"18:49","startHours":17.811002837728342,"endHours":18.811002837728342,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:49","end":"19:49","startHours":18.811002837728342,"endHours":19.811002837728342,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:49","end":"20:49","startHours":19.811002837728342,"endHours":20.811002837728342,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:49","end":"21:49","startHours":20.811002837728342,"endHours":21.811002837728342,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:49","end":"22:49","startHours":21.811002837728342,"endHours":22.811002837728342,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:49","end":"23:49","startHours":22.811002837728342,"endHours":23.811002837728342,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:49","end":"00:49","startHours":23.811002837728342,"endHours":24.811002837728342,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:49","end":"01:49","startHours":24.811002837728342,"endHours":25.811002837728342,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:49","end":"02:49","startHours":25.811002837728342,"endHours":26.811002837728342,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:49","end":"03:49","startHours":26.811002837728342,"endHours":27.811002837728342,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:49","end":"04:49","startHours":27.811002837728342,"endHours":28.811002837728342,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:49","end":"05:49","startHours":28.811002837728342,"endHours":29.811002837728342,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:49","end":"06:49","startHours":29.811002837728342,"endHours":30.811002837728342,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Cara","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-7.324986171537297,"eotMinutes":-12.85355186126662,"ayanamsa":-10.7605}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":-421,"saka_samvat":-556,"bengali_samvat":-1071,"malayalam_era":-1302,"nanakshahi_year":-1947,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_amanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Śukla Dvitīyā · Vikram -421 undefined · Śaka -556 undefined"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":true,"location_specific":"ujjain"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 2, 479 BCE · Ujjain · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 2, 479 BCE for Ujjain: Śukla Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 06:49, sūryāsta 18:31.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-0478-03-02","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-0478-03-02","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-0478-03-02","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-0478-03-02","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-0478-03-02"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-13T11:27:49.485Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-13T11:27:49.485Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-13T11:27:49.485Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","reader-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}