{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:ujjain:-0461-03-21:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-0461-03-21","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"-0461-03-21","date_display":"March 21, 462 BCE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-461,"month":3,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1552756.770833,"kali_year":2641,"ahargana":964291.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":10.2144,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":357.7356,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":347.5212,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.5212},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":357.7356,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.069},"yoga":{"number":1,"name":"Viṣkambha","sum_longitude":7.9501},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":57,"name":"Śakuni"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":-461,"month":3,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1552756.770833,"ahargana":964291.2708,"kali_year":2641,"ayanamsa_lahiri":-10.5223,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":10.2144,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":357.7356,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.2123},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":251.3832,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":345.149,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":218.4073,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":36.0158,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":214.2965,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":207.208,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":27.208,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-461,"month":3,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1552756.770833,"kali_year":2641,"ahargana":964291.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":10.2144,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":357.7356,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":347.5212,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.5212},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":357.7356,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.069},"yoga":{"number":1,"name":"Viṣkambha","sum_longitude":7.9501},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":57,"name":"Śakuni"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.212,"elongation":12.479},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.212,"opposition_distance":167.521}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":1,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":1.169,"elongation":0.899}]},"city":{"slug":"ujjain","name":"Ujjain","lat":23.1765,"lon":75.7885,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"ujjain","name":"Ujjain","lat":23.1765,"lon":75.7885,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:31","sunsetLocal":"18:38","solarNoonLocal":"12:35","dayLengthHours":12.113826859925595,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 06 Mins 50 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 53 Mins 10 Secs","moonriseLocal":"05:51","moonsetLocal":"17:39","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:06","end":"15:36","startHours":14.092375117852825,"endHours":15.606603475343523,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:31","end":"08:02","startHours":6.521233330399327,"endHours":8.035461687890027,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:33","end":"11:04","startHours":9.549690045380725,"endHours":11.063918402871426,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:21","end":"09:45","startHours":9.347792931048632,"endHours":9.75158715971282,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:02","end":"07:21","startHours":7.02597611622956,"endHours":7.349011499160909,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:10","end":"12:59","startHours":12.174352531697938,"endHours":12.98194098902631,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:54","end":"05:43","startHours":4.906056415742581,"endHours":5.713644873070954,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:31","end":"06:31","startHours":5.511747758738861,"endHours":6.521233330399327,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:36","end":"15:24","startHours":14.597117903683056,"endHours":15.40470636101143,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:26","end":"18:50","startHours":18.435060190324922,"endHours":18.83506019032492,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:38","end":"19:08","startHours":18.63506019032492,"endHours":19.139802976155153,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:23","end":"20:08","startHours":18.38506019032492,"endHours":20.13506019032492,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:10","end":"00:59","startHours":24.174352531697938,"endHours":24.98194098902631,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:31","end":"08:02","startHours":6.521233330399327,"endHours":8.035461687890027,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:02","end":"09:33","startHours":8.035461687890027,"endHours":9.549690045380725,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:33","end":"11:04","startHours":9.549690045380725,"endHours":11.063918402871426,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:04","end":"12:35","startHours":11.063918402871426,"endHours":12.578146760362124,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:35","end":"14:06","startHours":12.578146760362124,"endHours":14.092375117852825,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:06","end":"15:36","startHours":14.092375117852825,"endHours":15.606603475343523,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:36","end":"17:07","startHours":15.606603475343523,"endHours":17.120831832834224,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:07","end":"18:38","startHours":17.120831832834224,"endHours":18.63506019032492,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:38","end":"20:07","startHours":18.63506019032492,"endHours":20.12083183283422,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:07","end":"21:36","startHours":20.12083183283422,"endHours":21.606603475343523,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:36","end":"23:06","startHours":21.606603475343523,"endHours":23.092375117852825,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:06","end":"00:35","startHours":23.092375117852825,"endHours":24.578146760362124,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:35","end":"02:04","startHours":24.578146760362124,"endHours":26.063918402871423,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:04","end":"03:33","startHours":26.063918402871423,"endHours":27.549690045380725,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:33","end":"05:02","startHours":27.549690045380725,"endHours":29.035461687890027,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:02","end":"06:31","startHours":29.035461687890027,"endHours":30.521233330399326,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:31","end":"07:31","startHours":6.521233330399327,"endHours":7.521233330399327,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:31","end":"08:31","startHours":7.521233330399327,"endHours":8.521233330399326,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:31","end":"09:31","startHours":8.521233330399326,"endHours":9.521233330399326,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:31","end":"10:31","startHours":9.521233330399326,"endHours":10.521233330399326,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:31","end":"11:31","startHours":10.521233330399326,"endHours":11.521233330399326,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:31","end":"12:31","startHours":11.521233330399326,"endHours":12.521233330399326,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:31","end":"13:31","startHours":12.521233330399326,"endHours":13.521233330399326,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:31","end":"14:31","startHours":13.521233330399326,"endHours":14.521233330399326,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:31","end":"15:31","startHours":14.521233330399326,"endHours":15.521233330399326,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:31","end":"16:31","startHours":15.521233330399326,"endHours":16.521233330399326,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:31","end":"17:31","startHours":16.521233330399326,"endHours":17.521233330399326,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:31","end":"18:31","startHours":17.521233330399326,"endHours":18.521233330399326,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:31","end":"19:31","startHours":18.521233330399326,"endHours":19.521233330399326,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:31","end":"20:31","startHours":19.521233330399326,"endHours":20.521233330399326,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:31","end":"21:31","startHours":20.521233330399326,"endHours":21.521233330399326,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:31","end":"22:31","startHours":21.521233330399326,"endHours":22.521233330399326,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:31","end":"23:31","startHours":22.521233330399326,"endHours":23.521233330399326,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:31","end":"00:31","startHours":23.521233330399326,"endHours":24.521233330399326,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:31","end":"01:31","startHours":24.521233330399326,"endHours":25.521233330399326,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:31","end":"02:31","startHours":25.521233330399326,"endHours":26.521233330399326,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:31","end":"03:31","startHours":26.521233330399326,"endHours":27.521233330399326,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:31","end":"04:31","startHours":27.521233330399326,"endHours":28.521233330399326,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:31","end":"05:31","startHours":28.521233330399326,"endHours":29.521233330399326,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:31","end":"06:31","startHours":29.521233330399326,"endHours":30.521233330399326,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Lumba","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"undefined (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-0.12246132861535805,"eotMinutes":-7.842805621727393,"ayanamsa":-10.5223}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":-404,"saka_samvat":-539,"bengali_samvat":-1054,"malayalam_era":-1285,"nanakshahi_year":-1930,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_amanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī · Vikram -404 undefined · Śaka -539 undefined"},"festivals":[{"id":"masika-shivaratri","name":"Māsika Śivarātri","name_sanskrit":"मासिक शिवरात्रि","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Monthly Śiva observance.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":29,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Māsika Śivarātri is not live yet; Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":true,"location_specific":"ujjain"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 21, 462 BCE · Ujjain · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 21, 462 BCE for Ujjain: Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī, sūryodaya 06:31, sūryāsta 18:38.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-0461-03-21","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-0461-03-21","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-0461-03-21","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-0461-03-21","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-0461-03-21"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-11T23:08:03.605Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-11T23:08:03.605Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-11T23:08:03.605Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","reader-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}