{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:ujjain:-0443-04-26:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-0443-04-26","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"-0443-04-26","date_display":"April 26, 444 BCE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-443,"month":4,"day":26,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1559367.770833,"kali_year":2659,"ahargana":970902.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":45.1076,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":345.7884,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":300.6808,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.6808},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":345.7884,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.455},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":30.896},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":50,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":-443,"month":4,"day":26,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1559367.770833,"ahargana":970902.2708,"kali_year":2659,"ayanamsa_lahiri":-10.2694,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":45.1076,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":345.7884,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.5025},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":80.7799,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":17.5712,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":36.0081,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":12.9599,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":63.5999,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":216.9254,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":36.9254,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-443,"month":4,"day":26,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1559367.770833,"kali_year":2659,"ahargana":970902.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":45.1076,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":345.7884,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":300.6808,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.6808},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":345.7884,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.455},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":30.896},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":50,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.502,"elongation":59.319},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.502,"opposition_distance":120.681}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"ujjain","name":"Ujjain","lat":23.1765,"lon":75.7885,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"ujjain","name":"Ujjain","lat":23.1765,"lon":75.7885,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Madhya Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:58","sunsetLocal":"18:51","solarNoonLocal":"12:25","dayLengthHours":12.889120634517718,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 53 Mins 21 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 06 Mins 39 Secs","moonriseLocal":"02:41","moonsetLocal":"14:14","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:15","end":"18:51","startHours":17.244807228265955,"endHours":18.85594730758067,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:25","end":"14:01","startHours":12.411386990321812,"endHours":14.022527069636526,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:38","end":"17:15","startHours":15.633667148951242,"endHours":17.244807228265955,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:58","end":"09:24","startHours":8.97428815445042,"endHours":9.403925508934343,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:30","end":"06:51","startHours":6.503873366167857,"endHours":6.847583249754996,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:59","end":"12:50","startHours":11.981749635837888,"endHours":12.841024344805737,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:15","end":"05:06","startHours":4.248277255127256,"endHours":5.107551964095104,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:54","end":"05:58","startHours":4.892733286853142,"endHours":5.966826673062952,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:34","end":"15:25","startHours":14.559573762741431,"endHours":15.418848471709278,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:39","end":"19:03","startHours":18.65594730758067,"endHours":19.05594730758067,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:51","end":"19:24","startHours":18.85594730758067,"endHours":19.392994000685576,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:36","end":"20:21","startHours":18.60594730758067,"endHours":20.35594730758067,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:59","end":"00:50","startHours":23.98174963583789,"endHours":24.841024344805735,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:58","end":"07:35","startHours":5.966826673062952,"endHours":7.577966752377667,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:35","end":"09:11","startHours":7.577966752377667,"endHours":9.189106831692381,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:11","end":"10:48","startHours":9.189106831692381,"endHours":10.800246911007097,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:48","end":"12:25","startHours":10.800246911007097,"endHours":12.411386990321812,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:25","end":"14:01","startHours":12.411386990321812,"endHours":14.022527069636526,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:01","end":"15:38","startHours":14.022527069636526,"endHours":15.633667148951242,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:38","end":"17:15","startHours":15.633667148951242,"endHours":17.244807228265955,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:15","end":"18:51","startHours":17.244807228265955,"endHours":18.85594730758067,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:51","end":"20:15","startHours":18.85594730758067,"endHours":20.244807228265955,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:15","end":"21:38","startHours":20.244807228265955,"endHours":21.63366714895124,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:38","end":"23:01","startHours":21.63366714895124,"endHours":23.022527069636524,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:01","end":"00:25","startHours":23.022527069636524,"endHours":24.411386990321812,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:25","end":"01:48","startHours":24.411386990321812,"endHours":25.800246911007097,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:48","end":"03:11","startHours":25.800246911007097,"endHours":27.18910683169238,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:11","end":"04:35","startHours":27.18910683169238,"endHours":28.57796675237767,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:35","end":"05:58","startHours":28.57796675237767,"endHours":29.966826673062954,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:58","end":"06:58","startHours":5.966826673062952,"endHours":6.966826673062952,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:58","end":"07:58","startHours":6.966826673062952,"endHours":7.966826673062952,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:58","end":"08:58","startHours":7.966826673062952,"endHours":8.966826673062952,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:58","end":"09:58","startHours":8.966826673062952,"endHours":9.966826673062952,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:58","end":"10:58","startHours":9.966826673062952,"endHours":10.966826673062952,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:58","end":"11:58","startHours":10.966826673062952,"endHours":11.966826673062952,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:58","end":"12:58","startHours":11.966826673062952,"endHours":12.966826673062952,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:58","end":"13:58","startHours":12.966826673062952,"endHours":13.966826673062952,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:58","end":"14:58","startHours":13.966826673062952,"endHours":14.966826673062952,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:58","end":"15:58","startHours":14.966826673062952,"endHours":15.966826673062952,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:58","end":"16:58","startHours":15.966826673062952,"endHours":16.966826673062954,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:58","end":"17:58","startHours":16.966826673062954,"endHours":17.966826673062954,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:58","end":"18:58","startHours":17.966826673062954,"endHours":18.966826673062954,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:58","end":"19:58","startHours":18.966826673062954,"endHours":19.966826673062954,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:58","end":"20:58","startHours":19.966826673062954,"endHours":20.966826673062954,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:58","end":"21:58","startHours":20.966826673062954,"endHours":21.966826673062954,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:58","end":"22:58","startHours":21.966826673062954,"endHours":22.966826673062954,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:58","end":"23:58","startHours":22.966826673062954,"endHours":23.966826673062954,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:58","end":"00:58","startHours":23.966826673062954,"endHours":24.966826673062954,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:58","end":"01:58","startHours":24.966826673062954,"endHours":25.966826673062954,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:58","end":"02:58","startHours":25.966826673062954,"endHours":26.966826673062954,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:58","end":"03:58","startHours":26.966826673062954,"endHours":27.966826673062954,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:58","end":"04:58","startHours":27.966826673062954,"endHours":28.966826673062954,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:58","end":"05:58","startHours":28.966826673062954,"endHours":29.966826673062954,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Cara","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":13.132809938903309,"eotMinutes":2.162780580691212,"ayanamsa":-10.2694}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":-386,"saka_samvat":-521,"bengali_samvat":-1036,"malayalam_era":-1267,"nanakshahi_year":-1912,"lunar_month":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Jyeṣṭha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_amanta":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Vṛṣabha (Vaikāsi)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Jyeṣṭha Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī · Vikram -386 undefined · Śaka -521 undefined"},"festivals":[{"id":"apara-ekadashi","name":"Aparā Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"अपरा एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Boundless (aparā) merit; removes brahma-hatyā even.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":26,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Jyeṣṭha"},"precedence":4},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Aparā Ekādaśī · Ekādaśī is not live yet; Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":true,"location_specific":"ujjain"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 26, 444 BCE · Ujjain · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 26, 444 BCE for Ujjain: Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 05:58, sūryāsta 18:51.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-0443-04-26","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-0443-04-26","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-0443-04-26","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-0443-04-26","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ujjain/-0443-04-26"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-10T20:41:59.424Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-10T20:41:59.424Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-10T20:41:59.424Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","reader-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}