{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:toronto:2004-03-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/toronto/2004-03-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2004-03-28","date_display":"March 28, 2004 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2004,"month":3,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2453092.770833,"kali_year":5105,"ahargana":1864627.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":343.9546,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":65.6376,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":81.683,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.683},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":65.6376,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.3043},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":49.5923},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":13,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2004,"month":3,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2453092.770833,"ahargana":1864627.2708,"kali_year":5105,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.9122,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":343.792274,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":63.35807399999999,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.0421},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":40.29957400000001,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":2.42577399999999,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":137.23877399999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":29.711174000000028,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":72.62957399999999,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":23.074,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":203.074,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2004,"month":3,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2453092.770833,"kali_year":5105,"ahargana":1864627.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":343.9546,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":65.6376,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":81.683,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.683},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":65.6376,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.3043},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":49.5923},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":13,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.042,"elongation":81.683},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.042,"opposition_distance":98.317}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"toronto","name":"Toronto, Canada","lat":43.6532,"lon":-79.3832,"tz_offset_hours":-5,"country":"CA","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"toronto","name":"Toronto, Canada","lat":43.6532,"lon":-79.3832,"tz_offset_hours":-5,"country":"CA","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:07","sunsetLocal":"18:39","solarNoonLocal":"12:23","dayLengthHours":12.543363306094392,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 32 Mins 36 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 27 Mins 24 Secs","moonriseLocal":"10:00","moonsetLocal":"01:23","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:05","end":"18:39","startHours":17.089643613225423,"endHours":18.657564026487222,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:23","end":"13:57","startHours":12.385882373440026,"endHours":13.953802786701825,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:31","end":"17:05","startHours":15.521723199963624,"endHours":17.089643613225423,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:02","end":"09:28","startHours":9.040985491814855,"endHours":9.459097602018002,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:38","end":"06:58","startHours":6.636840858146763,"endHours":6.97133054630928,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:58","end":"12:48","startHours":11.96777026323688,"endHours":12.803994483643173,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:27","end":"05:17","startHours":4.441752279580244,"endHours":5.277976499986537,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:04","end":"06:07","startHours":5.068920444884965,"endHours":6.11420072039283,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:29","end":"15:19","startHours":14.476442924455757,"endHours":15.312667144862049,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:27","end":"18:51","startHours":18.457564026487223,"endHours":18.85756402648722,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:39","end":"19:11","startHours":18.657564026487222,"endHours":19.180204164241154,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:24","end":"20:09","startHours":18.407564026487222,"endHours":20.157564026487222,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:58","end":"00:48","startHours":23.96777026323688,"endHours":24.803994483643173,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:07","end":"07:41","startHours":6.11420072039283,"endHours":7.682121133654629,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:41","end":"09:15","startHours":7.682121133654629,"endHours":9.250041546916428,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:15","end":"10:49","startHours":9.250041546916428,"endHours":10.817961960178227,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:49","end":"12:23","startHours":10.817961960178227,"endHours":12.385882373440026,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:23","end":"13:57","startHours":12.385882373440026,"endHours":13.953802786701825,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:57","end":"15:31","startHours":13.953802786701825,"endHours":15.521723199963624,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:31","end":"17:05","startHours":15.521723199963624,"endHours":17.089643613225423,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:05","end":"18:39","startHours":17.089643613225423,"endHours":18.657564026487222,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:39","end":"20:05","startHours":18.657564026487222,"endHours":20.089643613225423,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:05","end":"21:31","startHours":20.089643613225423,"endHours":21.521723199963624,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:31","end":"22:57","startHours":21.521723199963624,"endHours":22.953802786701825,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:57","end":"00:23","startHours":22.953802786701825,"endHours":24.385882373440026,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:23","end":"01:49","startHours":24.385882373440026,"endHours":25.817961960178227,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:49","end":"03:15","startHours":25.817961960178227,"endHours":27.250041546916428,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:15","end":"04:41","startHours":27.250041546916428,"endHours":28.68212113365463,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:41","end":"06:07","startHours":28.68212113365463,"endHours":30.11420072039283,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:07","end":"07:07","startHours":6.11420072039283,"endHours":7.11420072039283,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:07","end":"08:07","startHours":7.11420072039283,"endHours":8.11420072039283,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:07","end":"09:07","startHours":8.11420072039283,"endHours":9.11420072039283,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:07","end":"10:07","startHours":9.11420072039283,"endHours":10.11420072039283,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:07","end":"11:07","startHours":10.11420072039283,"endHours":11.11420072039283,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:07","end":"12:07","startHours":11.11420072039283,"endHours":12.11420072039283,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:07","end":"13:07","startHours":12.11420072039283,"endHours":13.11420072039283,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:07","end":"14:07","startHours":13.11420072039283,"endHours":14.11420072039283,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:07","end":"15:07","startHours":14.11420072039283,"endHours":15.11420072039283,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:07","end":"16:07","startHours":15.11420072039283,"endHours":16.11420072039283,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:07","end":"17:07","startHours":16.11420072039283,"endHours":17.11420072039283,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:07","end":"18:07","startHours":17.11420072039283,"endHours":18.11420072039283,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:07","end":"19:07","startHours":18.11420072039283,"endHours":19.11420072039283,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:07","end":"20:07","startHours":19.11420072039283,"endHours":20.11420072039283,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:07","end":"21:07","startHours":20.11420072039283,"endHours":21.11420072039283,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:07","end":"22:07","startHours":21.11420072039283,"endHours":22.11420072039283,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:07","end":"23:07","startHours":22.11420072039283,"endHours":23.11420072039283,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:07","end":"00:07","startHours":23.11420072039283,"endHours":24.11420072039283,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:07","end":"01:07","startHours":24.11420072039283,"endHours":25.11420072039283,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:07","end":"02:07","startHours":25.11420072039283,"endHours":26.11420072039283,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:07","end":"03:07","startHours":26.11420072039283,"endHours":27.11420072039283,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:07","end":"04:07","startHours":27.11420072039283,"endHours":28.11420072039283,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:07","end":"05:07","startHours":28.11420072039283,"endHours":29.11420072039283,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:07","end":"06:07","startHours":29.11420072039283,"endHours":30.11420072039283,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Saumya","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":3.0565425857277293,"eotMinutes":-5.6201424064016345,"ayanamsa":23.9122}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2061,"vikram_samvatsara":"Hemalambī","saka_samvat":1926,"saka_samvatsara":"Tāraṇa","bengali_samvat":1411,"malayalam_era":1180,"nanakshahi_year":535,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_amanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Śukla Saptamī · Vikram 2061 Hemalambī · Śaka 1926 Tāraṇa"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"toronto"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 28, 2004 CE · Toronto, Canada · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 28, 2004 CE for Toronto, Canada: Śukla Saptamī, sūryodaya 06:07, sūryāsta 18:39.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/toronto/2004-03-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/toronto/2004-03-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/toronto/2004-03-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/toronto/2004-03-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/toronto/2004-03-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-06T08:22:06.226Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-06T08:22:06.226Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-06T08:22:06.226Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}