{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:toronto:2002-05-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/toronto/2002-05-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2002-05-31","date_display":"May 31, 2002 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":5,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452425.770833,"kali_year":5104,"ahargana":1863960.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":45.4317,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":282.4571,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":237.0254,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.0254},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1,"moon_longitude":282.4571,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.4571},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":327.8888},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2002,"month":5,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452425.770833,"ahargana":1863960.2708,"kali_year":5104,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8867,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":45.55505800000003,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":282.18535799999995,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.1267},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":67.79215799999997,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":39.85655800000001,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":82.40495800000002,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":78.61015800000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":53.27945799999998,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":58.4148,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":238.4148,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":5,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452425.770833,"kali_year":5104,"ahargana":1863960.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":45.4317,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":282.4571,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":237.0254,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.0254},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1,"moon_longitude":282.4571,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.4571},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":327.8888},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.127,"elongation":122.975},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.127,"opposition_distance":57.025}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":11,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.149,"elongation":0.05}]},"city":{"slug":"toronto","name":"Toronto, Canada","lat":43.6532,"lon":-79.3832,"tz_offset_hours":-5,"country":"CA","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"toronto","name":"Toronto, Canada","lat":43.6532,"lon":-79.3832,"tz_offset_hours":-5,"country":"CA","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"04:40","sunsetLocal":"19:50","solarNoonLocal":"12:15","dayLengthHours":15.181154847860796,"dayLengthDisplay":"15 Hours 10 Mins 52 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"8 Hours 49 Mins 08 Secs","moonriseLocal":"23:14","moonsetLocal":"08:50","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:21","end":"12:15","startHours":10.352909531381737,"endHours":12.250553887364337,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"16:03","end":"17:57","startHours":16.045842599329536,"endHours":17.943486955312135,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:33","end":"08:27","startHours":6.557620819416537,"endHours":8.455265175399138,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:12","end":"08:42","startHours":8.20224592793479,"endHours":8.708284422863484,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:18","end":"05:42","startHours":5.292524582094805,"endHours":5.697355378037759,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:45","end":"12:45","startHours":11.744515392435643,"endHours":12.75659238229303,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"02:38","end":"03:39","startHours":2.635822483719165,"endHours":3.647899473576551,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"03:24","end":"04:40","startHours":3.3948802261122046,"endHours":4.659976463433938,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:47","end":"15:48","startHours":14.780746362007804,"endHours":15.79282335186519,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:38","end":"20:02","startHours":19.641131311294735,"endHours":20.041131311294734,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:50","end":"20:28","startHours":19.841131311294735,"endHours":20.473679429955602,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:35","end":"21:20","startHours":19.591131311294735,"endHours":21.341131311294735,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:45","end":"00:45","startHours":23.744515392435645,"endHours":24.75659238229303,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"04:40","end":"06:33","startHours":4.659976463433938,"endHours":6.557620819416537,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"06:33","end":"08:27","startHours":6.557620819416537,"endHours":8.455265175399138,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:27","end":"10:21","startHours":8.455265175399138,"endHours":10.352909531381737,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:21","end":"12:15","startHours":10.352909531381737,"endHours":12.250553887364337,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:15","end":"14:09","startHours":12.250553887364337,"endHours":14.148198243346936,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:09","end":"16:03","startHours":14.148198243346936,"endHours":16.045842599329536,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:03","end":"17:57","startHours":16.045842599329536,"endHours":17.943486955312135,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"17:57","end":"19:50","startHours":17.943486955312135,"endHours":19.841131311294735,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"19:50","end":"20:57","startHours":19.841131311294735,"endHours":20.943486955312135,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:57","end":"22:03","startHours":20.943486955312135,"endHours":22.045842599329536,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:03","end":"23:09","startHours":22.045842599329536,"endHours":23.148198243346936,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:09","end":"00:15","startHours":23.148198243346936,"endHours":24.250553887364337,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:15","end":"01:21","startHours":24.250553887364337,"endHours":25.352909531381737,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:21","end":"02:27","startHours":25.352909531381737,"endHours":26.455265175399138,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:27","end":"03:33","startHours":26.455265175399138,"endHours":27.557620819416538,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:33","end":"04:40","startHours":27.557620819416538,"endHours":28.65997646343394,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"04:40","end":"05:40","startHours":4.659976463433938,"endHours":5.659976463433938,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"05:40","end":"06:40","startHours":5.659976463433938,"endHours":6.659976463433938,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"06:40","end":"07:40","startHours":6.659976463433938,"endHours":7.659976463433938,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"07:40","end":"08:40","startHours":7.659976463433938,"endHours":8.659976463433939,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"08:40","end":"09:40","startHours":8.659976463433939,"endHours":9.659976463433939,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"09:40","end":"10:40","startHours":9.659976463433939,"endHours":10.659976463433939,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"10:40","end":"11:40","startHours":10.659976463433939,"endHours":11.659976463433939,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"11:40","end":"12:40","startHours":11.659976463433939,"endHours":12.659976463433939,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"12:40","end":"13:40","startHours":12.659976463433939,"endHours":13.659976463433939,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"13:40","end":"14:40","startHours":13.659976463433939,"endHours":14.659976463433939,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"14:40","end":"15:40","startHours":14.659976463433939,"endHours":15.659976463433939,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"15:40","end":"16:40","startHours":15.659976463433939,"endHours":16.65997646343394,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"16:40","end":"17:40","startHours":16.65997646343394,"endHours":17.65997646343394,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"17:40","end":"18:40","startHours":17.65997646343394,"endHours":18.65997646343394,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"18:40","end":"19:40","startHours":18.65997646343394,"endHours":19.65997646343394,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"19:40","end":"20:40","startHours":19.65997646343394,"endHours":20.65997646343394,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"20:40","end":"21:40","startHours":20.65997646343394,"endHours":21.65997646343394,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"21:40","end":"22:40","startHours":21.65997646343394,"endHours":22.65997646343394,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"22:40","end":"23:40","startHours":22.65997646343394,"endHours":23.65997646343394,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"23:40","end":"00:40","startHours":23.65997646343394,"endHours":24.65997646343394,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"00:40","end":"01:40","startHours":24.65997646343394,"endHours":25.65997646343394,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"01:40","end":"02:40","startHours":25.65997646343394,"endHours":26.65997646343394,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"02:40","end":"03:40","startHours":26.65997646343394,"endHours":27.65997646343394,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"03:40","end":"04:40","startHours":27.65997646343394,"endHours":28.65997646343394,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Padma","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":21.863902533925998,"eotMinutes":2.4995667581397525,"ayanamsa":23.8867}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2059,"vikram_samvatsara":"Manmatha","saka_samvat":1924,"saka_samvatsara":"Citrabhānu","bengali_samvat":1409,"malayalam_era":1178,"nanakshahi_year":533,"lunar_month":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Jyeṣṭha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_amanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Vṛṣabha (Vaikāsi)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Jyeṣṭha Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī · Vikram 2059 Manmatha · Śaka 1924 Citrabhānu"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"toronto"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 31, 2002 CE · Toronto, Canada · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 31, 2002 CE for Toronto, Canada: Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī, sūryodaya 04:40, sūryāsta 19:50.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/toronto/2002-05-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/toronto/2002-05-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/toronto/2002-05-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/toronto/2002-05-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/toronto/2002-05-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-06T05:47:47.791Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-06T05:47:47.791Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-06T05:47:47.791Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}