{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:thane:2068-07-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2068-07-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2068-07-28","date_display":"July 28, 2068 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2068,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2476590.770833,"kali_year":5170,"ahargana":1888125.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":100.3402,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":88.569,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":348.2288,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.2288},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3,"moon_longitude":88.569,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.569},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":188.9091},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":58,"name":"Catuṣpāda"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2068,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2476590.770833,"ahargana":1888125.2708,"kali_year":5170,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.8109,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":101.01637800000003,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":88.07397800000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.4725},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":121.69377800000001,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":111.91907800000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":287.616178,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":54.35017800000003,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":145.62867799999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":218.0369,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":38.0369,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2068,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2476590.770833,"kali_year":5170,"ahargana":1888125.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":100.3402,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":88.569,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":348.2288,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.2288},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3,"moon_longitude":88.569,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.569},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":188.9091},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":58,"name":"Catuṣpāda"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.472,"elongation":11.771},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.472,"opposition_distance":168.229}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:13","sunsetLocal":"19:15","solarNoonLocal":"12:44","dayLengthHours":13.034657551910009,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 02 Mins 05 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 57 Mins 55 Secs","moonriseLocal":"05:18","moonsetLocal":"18:27","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:29","end":"11:06","startHours":9.478968156629183,"endHours":11.108300350617935,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:22","end":"16:00","startHours":14.366964738595438,"endHours":15.996296932584187,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:13","end":"07:51","startHours":6.220303768651681,"endHours":7.849635962640432,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:16","end":"09:42","startHours":9.26172386409735,"endHours":9.696212449161017,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:46","end":"07:07","startHours":6.763414499981265,"endHours":7.111005368032199,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:18","end":"13:10","startHours":12.30314395954302,"endHours":13.172121129670353,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:29","end":"05:21","startHours":4.482349428397013,"endHours":5.351326598524348,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:08","end":"06:13","startHours":5.134082305992514,"endHours":6.220303768651681,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:55","end":"15:47","startHours":14.910075469925019,"endHours":15.779052640052353,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:03","end":"19:27","startHours":19.05496132056169,"endHours":19.45496132056169,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:15","end":"19:48","startHours":19.25496132056169,"endHours":19.798072051891275,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:00","end":"20:45","startHours":19.00496132056169,"endHours":20.75496132056169,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:18","end":"01:10","startHours":24.303143959543018,"endHours":25.172121129670355,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:13","end":"07:51","startHours":6.220303768651681,"endHours":7.849635962640432,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:51","end":"09:29","startHours":7.849635962640432,"endHours":9.478968156629183,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:29","end":"11:06","startHours":9.478968156629183,"endHours":11.108300350617935,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:06","end":"12:44","startHours":11.108300350617935,"endHours":12.737632544606686,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:44","end":"14:22","startHours":12.737632544606686,"endHours":14.366964738595438,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:22","end":"16:00","startHours":14.366964738595438,"endHours":15.996296932584187,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:00","end":"17:38","startHours":15.996296932584187,"endHours":17.62562912657294,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:38","end":"19:15","startHours":17.62562912657294,"endHours":19.25496132056169,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"19:15","end":"20:38","startHours":19.25496132056169,"endHours":20.62562912657294,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:38","end":"22:00","startHours":20.62562912657294,"endHours":21.996296932584187,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:00","end":"23:22","startHours":21.996296932584187,"endHours":23.36696473859544,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:22","end":"00:44","startHours":23.36696473859544,"endHours":24.737632544606686,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:44","end":"02:06","startHours":24.737632544606686,"endHours":26.108300350617935,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:06","end":"03:29","startHours":26.108300350617935,"endHours":27.478968156629186,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:29","end":"04:51","startHours":27.478968156629186,"endHours":28.849635962640434,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:51","end":"06:13","startHours":28.849635962640434,"endHours":30.220303768651682,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:13","end":"07:13","startHours":6.220303768651681,"endHours":7.220303768651681,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:13","end":"08:13","startHours":7.220303768651681,"endHours":8.220303768651682,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:13","end":"09:13","startHours":8.220303768651682,"endHours":9.220303768651682,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:13","end":"10:13","startHours":9.220303768651682,"endHours":10.220303768651682,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:13","end":"11:13","startHours":10.220303768651682,"endHours":11.220303768651682,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:13","end":"12:13","startHours":11.220303768651682,"endHours":12.220303768651682,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:13","end":"13:13","startHours":12.220303768651682,"endHours":13.220303768651682,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:13","end":"14:13","startHours":13.220303768651682,"endHours":14.220303768651682,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:13","end":"15:13","startHours":14.220303768651682,"endHours":15.220303768651682,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:13","end":"16:13","startHours":15.220303768651682,"endHours":16.220303768651682,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:13","end":"17:13","startHours":16.220303768651682,"endHours":17.220303768651682,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:13","end":"18:13","startHours":17.220303768651682,"endHours":18.220303768651682,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:13","end":"19:13","startHours":18.220303768651682,"endHours":19.220303768651682,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:13","end":"20:13","startHours":19.220303768651682,"endHours":20.220303768651682,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:13","end":"21:13","startHours":20.220303768651682,"endHours":21.220303768651682,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:13","end":"22:13","startHours":21.220303768651682,"endHours":22.220303768651682,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:13","end":"23:13","startHours":22.220303768651682,"endHours":23.220303768651682,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:13","end":"00:13","startHours":23.220303768651682,"endHours":24.220303768651682,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:13","end":"01:13","startHours":24.220303768651682,"endHours":25.220303768651682,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:13","end":"02:13","startHours":25.220303768651682,"endHours":26.220303768651682,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:13","end":"03:13","startHours":26.220303768651682,"endHours":27.220303768651682,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:13","end":"04:13","startHours":27.220303768651682,"endHours":28.220303768651682,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:13","end":"05:13","startHours":28.220303768651682,"endHours":29.220303768651682,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:13","end":"06:13","startHours":29.220303768651682,"endHours":30.220303768651682,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhūmra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":18.81270532919833,"eotMinutes":-6.170352676401169,"ayanamsa":24.8109}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2125,"vikram_samvatsara":"Plava","saka_samvat":1990,"saka_samvatsara":"Sarvadhāri","bengali_samvat":1475,"malayalam_era":1244,"nanakshahi_year":599,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_amanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā · Vikram 2125 Plava · Śaka 1990 Sarvadhāri"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-20","event":"Karṇa-Vadha (Mahābhārata Day 17)","chart_id":"karna","shared_marker":"same Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","url":"/day/-3137-10-20","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-1626101-04-03","event":"Bhagavān Rāma's birth at Ayodhyā","chart_id":"rama","shared_marker":"same Punarvasu","url":"/day/-1626101-04-03","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"thane"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 28, 2068 CE · Thane, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 28, 2068 CE for Thane, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā, sūryodaya 06:13, sūryāsta 19:15.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2068-07-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2068-07-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2068-07-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2068-07-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2068-07-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T18:02:37.794Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T18:02:37.794Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T18:02:37.794Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}