{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:thane:2027-07-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2027-07-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2027-07-28","date_display":"July 28, 2027 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2027,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461614.770833,"kali_year":5129,"ahargana":1873149.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":99.9689,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":29.8419,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":289.873,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.873},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":29.8419,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.1752},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":129.8108},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":48,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2027,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461614.770833,"ahargana":1873149.2708,"kali_year":5129,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2381,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":100.543271,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":27.052870999999982,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4527},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":162.88907100000006,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":84.931671,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":125.924171,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":96.05057099999999,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":3.5226710000000026,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":291.5374,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":111.5374,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2027,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461614.770833,"kali_year":5129,"ahargana":1873149.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":99.9689,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":29.8419,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":289.873,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.873},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":29.8419,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.1752},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":129.8108},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":48,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.453,"elongation":70.127},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.453,"opposition_distance":109.873}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":20,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.487,"opposition_distance":2.324}]},"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:13","sunsetLocal":"19:16","solarNoonLocal":"12:44","dayLengthHours":13.04817687898039,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 02 Mins 53 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 57 Mins 07 Secs","moonriseLocal":"01:22","moonsetLocal":"14:19","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:44","end":"14:22","startHours":12.737632544606686,"endHours":14.368654654479236,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:51","end":"09:29","startHours":7.844566214989041,"endHours":9.47558832486159,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:06","end":"12:44","startHours":11.106610434734138,"endHours":12.737632544606686,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:15","end":"09:42","startHours":9.258118710211917,"endHours":9.693057939511263,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:45","end":"07:06","startHours":6.757218141740675,"endHours":7.105169525180152,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:18","end":"13:10","startHours":12.30269331530734,"endHours":13.172571773906032,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:28","end":"05:21","startHours":4.473787187919107,"endHours":5.343665646517799,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:08","end":"06:13","startHours":5.126196031868126,"endHours":6.213544105116492,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:55","end":"15:47","startHours":14.91232869110342,"endHours":15.782207149702113,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:04","end":"19:28","startHours":19.061720984096883,"endHours":19.461720984096882,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:16","end":"19:48","startHours":19.261720984096883,"endHours":19.805395020721065,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:01","end":"20:46","startHours":19.011720984096883,"endHours":20.761720984096883,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:18","end":"01:10","startHours":24.30269331530734,"endHours":25.172571773906032,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:13","end":"07:51","startHours":6.213544105116492,"endHours":7.844566214989041,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:51","end":"09:29","startHours":7.844566214989041,"endHours":9.47558832486159,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:29","end":"11:06","startHours":9.47558832486159,"endHours":11.106610434734138,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"11:06","end":"12:44","startHours":11.106610434734138,"endHours":12.737632544606686,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:44","end":"14:22","startHours":12.737632544606686,"endHours":14.368654654479236,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:22","end":"16:00","startHours":14.368654654479236,"endHours":15.999676764351785,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:00","end":"17:38","startHours":15.999676764351785,"endHours":17.630698874224336,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"17:38","end":"19:16","startHours":17.630698874224336,"endHours":19.261720984096883,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:16","end":"20:38","startHours":19.261720984096883,"endHours":20.630698874224333,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:38","end":"22:00","startHours":20.630698874224333,"endHours":21.999676764351786,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:00","end":"23:22","startHours":21.999676764351786,"endHours":23.368654654479236,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"23:22","end":"00:44","startHours":23.368654654479236,"endHours":24.737632544606686,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:44","end":"02:06","startHours":24.737632544606686,"endHours":26.106610434734137,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:06","end":"03:29","startHours":26.106610434734137,"endHours":27.47558832486159,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:29","end":"04:51","startHours":27.47558832486159,"endHours":28.84456621498904,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:51","end":"06:13","startHours":28.84456621498904,"endHours":30.21354410511649,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:13","end":"07:13","startHours":6.213544105116492,"endHours":7.213544105116492,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:13","end":"08:13","startHours":7.213544105116492,"endHours":8.213544105116492,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:13","end":"09:13","startHours":8.213544105116492,"endHours":9.213544105116492,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:13","end":"10:13","startHours":9.213544105116492,"endHours":10.213544105116492,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:13","end":"11:13","startHours":10.213544105116492,"endHours":11.213544105116492,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:13","end":"12:13","startHours":11.213544105116492,"endHours":12.213544105116492,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:13","end":"13:13","startHours":12.213544105116492,"endHours":13.213544105116492,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:13","end":"14:13","startHours":13.213544105116492,"endHours":14.213544105116492,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:13","end":"15:13","startHours":14.213544105116492,"endHours":15.213544105116492,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:13","end":"16:13","startHours":15.213544105116492,"endHours":16.21354410511649,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:13","end":"17:13","startHours":16.21354410511649,"endHours":17.21354410511649,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:13","end":"18:13","startHours":17.21354410511649,"endHours":18.21354410511649,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:13","end":"19:13","startHours":18.21354410511649,"endHours":19.21354410511649,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:13","end":"20:13","startHours":19.21354410511649,"endHours":20.21354410511649,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:13","end":"21:13","startHours":20.21354410511649,"endHours":21.21354410511649,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:13","end":"22:13","startHours":21.21354410511649,"endHours":22.21354410511649,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:13","end":"23:13","startHours":22.21354410511649,"endHours":23.21354410511649,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:13","end":"00:13","startHours":23.21354410511649,"endHours":24.21354410511649,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:13","end":"01:13","startHours":24.21354410511649,"endHours":25.21354410511649,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:13","end":"02:13","startHours":25.21354410511649,"endHours":26.21354410511649,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:13","end":"03:13","startHours":26.21354410511649,"endHours":27.21354410511649,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:13","end":"04:13","startHours":27.21354410511649,"endHours":28.21354410511649,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:13","end":"05:13","startHours":28.21354410511649,"endHours":29.21354410511649,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:13","end":"06:13","startHours":29.21354410511649,"endHours":30.21354410511649,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Lumba","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":19.066872015532223,"eotMinutes":-6.170352676401169,"ayanamsa":24.2381}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2084,"vikram_samvatsara":"Raudra","saka_samvat":1949,"saka_samvatsara":"Plavaṅga","bengali_samvat":1434,"malayalam_era":1203,"nanakshahi_year":558,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Daśamī · Vikram 2084 Raudra · Śaka 1949 Plavaṅga"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-04","event":"Mahābhārata Day 1 (Bhagavad Gītā delivered)","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Kṛttikā","url":"/day/-3137-10-04","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-3137-12-25","event":"Bhīṣma's Mahaprasthan","chart_id":"bhishma","shared_marker":"same Kṛttikā","url":"/day/-3137-12-25","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"thane"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 28, 2027 CE · Thane, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 28, 2027 CE for Thane, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Daśamī, sūryodaya 06:13, sūryāsta 19:16.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2027-07-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2027-07-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2027-07-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2027-07-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2027-07-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T16:05:33.032Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T16:05:33.032Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T16:05:33.032Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}