{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:thane:2025-11-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2025-11-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2025-11-28","date_display":"November 28, 2025 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2025,"month":11,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461007.770833,"kali_year":5127,"ahargana":1872542.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":221.2482,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":312.2061,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":90.9578,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.9578},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":312.2061,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.5394},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":173.4543},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":15,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2025,"month":11,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461007.770833,"ahargana":1872542.2708,"kali_year":5127,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2149,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":221.83566300000007,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":308.874963,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-0.8957},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":232.52536299999997,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":206.35016300000007,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":90.361063,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":211.926463,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":331.02326300000004,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":323.6992,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":143.6992,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2025,"month":11,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461007.770833,"kali_year":5127,"ahargana":1872542.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":221.2482,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":312.2061,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":90.9578,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.9578},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":312.2061,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.5394},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":173.4543},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":15,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.896,"elongation":90.958},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.896,"opposition_distance":89.042}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:54","sunsetLocal":"17:59","solarNoonLocal":"12:27","dayLengthHours":11.084995638966248,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 05 Mins 06 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 54 Mins 54 Secs","moonriseLocal":"12:27","moonsetLocal":"00:03","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:04","end":"12:27","startHours":11.062091109401628,"endHours":12.44771556427241,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:13","end":"16:36","startHours":15.218964474013973,"endHours":16.604588928884752,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:17","end":"09:41","startHours":8.290842199660066,"endHours":9.676466654530849,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:30","end":"09:52","startHours":9.491716727214744,"endHours":9.861216581846952,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:22","end":"07:40","startHours":7.367092563079546,"endHours":7.662692446785313,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:05","end":"12:49","startHours":12.078215709640203,"endHours":12.817215418904619,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:26","end":"06:10","startHours":5.427218326260453,"endHours":6.166218035524869,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:59","end":"06:54","startHours":5.981468108208765,"endHours":6.905217744789286,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:18","end":"15:02","startHours":14.295214837433452,"endHours":15.034214546697868,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:47","end":"18:11","startHours":17.790213383755535,"endHours":18.190213383755534,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:59","end":"18:27","startHours":17.990213383755535,"endHours":18.452088202045793,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:44","end":"19:29","startHours":17.740213383755535,"endHours":19.490213383755535,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:05","end":"00:49","startHours":24.0782157096402,"endHours":24.81721541890462,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"06:54","end":"08:17","startHours":6.905217744789286,"endHours":8.290842199660066,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:17","end":"09:41","startHours":8.290842199660066,"endHours":9.676466654530849,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:41","end":"11:04","startHours":9.676466654530849,"endHours":11.062091109401628,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"11:04","end":"12:27","startHours":11.062091109401628,"endHours":12.44771556427241,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:27","end":"13:50","startHours":12.44771556427241,"endHours":13.83334001914319,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:50","end":"15:13","startHours":13.83334001914319,"endHours":15.218964474013973,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:13","end":"16:36","startHours":15.218964474013973,"endHours":16.604588928884752,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:36","end":"17:59","startHours":16.604588928884752,"endHours":17.990213383755535,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"17:59","end":"19:36","startHours":17.990213383755535,"endHours":19.604588928884752,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:36","end":"21:13","startHours":19.604588928884752,"endHours":21.218964474013973,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:13","end":"22:50","startHours":21.218964474013973,"endHours":22.833340019143193,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:50","end":"00:27","startHours":22.833340019143193,"endHours":24.44771556427241,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:27","end":"02:04","startHours":24.44771556427241,"endHours":26.062091109401628,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:04","end":"03:41","startHours":26.062091109401628,"endHours":27.67646665453085,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:41","end":"05:17","startHours":27.67646665453085,"endHours":29.29084219966007,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"05:17","end":"06:54","startHours":29.29084219966007,"endHours":30.905217744789287,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:54","end":"07:54","startHours":6.905217744789286,"endHours":7.905217744789286,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:54","end":"08:54","startHours":7.905217744789286,"endHours":8.905217744789287,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:54","end":"09:54","startHours":8.905217744789287,"endHours":9.905217744789287,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:54","end":"10:54","startHours":9.905217744789287,"endHours":10.905217744789287,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:54","end":"11:54","startHours":10.905217744789287,"endHours":11.905217744789287,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:54","end":"12:54","startHours":11.905217744789287,"endHours":12.905217744789287,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:54","end":"13:54","startHours":12.905217744789287,"endHours":13.905217744789287,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:54","end":"14:54","startHours":13.905217744789287,"endHours":14.905217744789287,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:54","end":"15:54","startHours":14.905217744789287,"endHours":15.905217744789287,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:54","end":"16:54","startHours":15.905217744789287,"endHours":16.905217744789287,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:54","end":"17:54","startHours":16.905217744789287,"endHours":17.905217744789287,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:54","end":"18:54","startHours":17.905217744789287,"endHours":18.905217744789287,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:54","end":"19:54","startHours":18.905217744789287,"endHours":19.905217744789287,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:54","end":"20:54","startHours":19.905217744789287,"endHours":20.905217744789287,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:54","end":"21:54","startHours":20.905217744789287,"endHours":21.905217744789287,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:54","end":"22:54","startHours":21.905217744789287,"endHours":22.905217744789287,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:54","end":"23:54","startHours":22.905217744789287,"endHours":23.905217744789287,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:54","end":"00:54","startHours":23.905217744789287,"endHours":24.905217744789287,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:54","end":"01:54","startHours":24.905217744789287,"endHours":25.905217744789287,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:54","end":"02:54","startHours":25.905217744789287,"endHours":26.905217744789287,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:54","end":"03:54","startHours":26.905217744789287,"endHours":27.905217744789287,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:54","end":"04:54","startHours":27.905217744789287,"endHours":28.905217744789287,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:54","end":"05:54","startHours":28.905217744789287,"endHours":29.905217744789287,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:54","end":"06:54","startHours":29.905217744789287,"endHours":30.905217744789287,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Utpāta","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-21.314641449293955,"eotMinutes":11.224666143655435,"ayanamsa":24.2149}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2082,"vikram_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","saka_samvat":1947,"saka_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","bengali_samvat":1432,"malayalam_era":1201,"nanakshahi_year":556,"lunar_month":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Mārgaśīrṣa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Vṛścika (Kārttikai)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Mārgaśīrṣa Śukla Aṣṭamī · Vikram 2082 Kālayukta · Śaka 1947 Viśvāvasu"},"festivals":[{"id":"vrischika-sankranti","name":"Vṛścika Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"वृश्चिक सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Scorpio.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Vṛścika"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-12-25","event":"Bhīṣma's Mahaprasthan","chart_id":"bhishma","shared_marker":"same Śukla Aṣṭamī","url":"/day/-3137-12-25","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"thane"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga November 28, 2025 CE · Thane, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"November 28, 2025 CE for Thane, Maharashtra: Śukla Aṣṭamī, sūryodaya 06:54, sūryāsta 17:59.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2025-11-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2025-11-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2025-11-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2025-11-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2025-11-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T03:35:00.908Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T03:35:00.908Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T03:35:00.908Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}