{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:thane:2025-02-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2025-02-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2025-02-28","date_display":"February 28, 2025 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2025,"month":2,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460734.770833,"kali_year":5126,"ahargana":1872269.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":315.5861,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":314.1597,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":358.5736,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.5736},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":314.1597,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.493},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":269.7457},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":59,"name":"Nāga"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2025,"month":2,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460734.770833,"ahargana":1872269.2708,"kali_year":5126,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2045,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":315.4942940000001,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":315.568894,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.8291},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":82.53089399999999,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":330.098694,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":47.94669399999998,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":346.274894,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":326.4670940000001,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":338.164,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":158.164,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2025,"month":2,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460734.770833,"kali_year":5126,"ahargana":1872269.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":315.5861,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":314.1597,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":358.5736,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.5736},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":314.1597,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.493},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":269.7457},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":59,"name":"Nāga"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.829,"elongation":1.426},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.829,"opposition_distance":178.574}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":14,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.722,"opposition_distance":1.445}]},"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:59","sunsetLocal":"18:44","solarNoonLocal":"12:51","dayLengthHours":11.747666440365897,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 44 Mins 52 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 15 Mins 08 Secs","moonriseLocal":"07:00","moonsetLocal":"18:43","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:23","end":"12:51","startHours":11.386719342054722,"endHours":12.855177647100458,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:48","end":"17:16","startHours":15.792094257191932,"endHours":17.26055256223767,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:27","end":"09:55","startHours":8.449802731963246,"endHours":9.918261037008984,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:43","end":"10:07","startHours":9.722466596336218,"endHours":10.114055477681749,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:28","end":"07:47","startHours":7.470830528599421,"endHours":7.784101633675846,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:28","end":"13:15","startHours":12.463588765754928,"endHours":13.246766528445988,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:25","end":"06:12","startHours":5.41498890153539,"endHours":6.1981666642264495,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:00","end":"06:59","startHours":6.002372223553684,"endHours":6.981344426917509,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:49","end":"15:36","startHours":14.813122053828106,"endHours":15.596299816519165,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:32","end":"18:56","startHours":18.529010867283407,"endHours":18.929010867283406,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:44","end":"19:13","startHours":18.729010867283407,"endHours":19.21849696896532,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:29","end":"20:14","startHours":18.479010867283407,"endHours":20.229010867283407,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:28","end":"01:15","startHours":24.463588765754928,"endHours":25.24676652844599,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"06:59","end":"08:27","startHours":6.981344426917509,"endHours":8.449802731963246,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:27","end":"09:55","startHours":8.449802731963246,"endHours":9.918261037008984,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:55","end":"11:23","startHours":9.918261037008984,"endHours":11.386719342054722,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"11:23","end":"12:51","startHours":11.386719342054722,"endHours":12.855177647100458,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:51","end":"14:19","startHours":12.855177647100458,"endHours":14.323635952146194,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:19","end":"15:48","startHours":14.323635952146194,"endHours":15.792094257191932,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:48","end":"17:16","startHours":15.792094257191932,"endHours":17.26055256223767,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"17:16","end":"18:44","startHours":17.26055256223767,"endHours":18.729010867283407,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:44","end":"20:16","startHours":18.729010867283407,"endHours":20.26055256223767,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:16","end":"21:48","startHours":20.26055256223767,"endHours":21.792094257191934,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:48","end":"23:19","startHours":21.792094257191934,"endHours":23.323635952146194,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:19","end":"00:51","startHours":23.323635952146194,"endHours":24.855177647100458,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:51","end":"02:23","startHours":24.855177647100458,"endHours":26.38671934205472,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:23","end":"03:55","startHours":26.38671934205472,"endHours":27.918261037008982,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:55","end":"05:27","startHours":27.918261037008982,"endHours":29.449802731963246,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"05:27","end":"06:59","startHours":29.449802731963246,"endHours":30.98134442691751,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:59","end":"07:59","startHours":6.981344426917509,"endHours":7.981344426917509,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:59","end":"08:59","startHours":7.981344426917509,"endHours":8.98134442691751,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:59","end":"09:59","startHours":8.98134442691751,"endHours":9.98134442691751,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:59","end":"10:59","startHours":9.98134442691751,"endHours":10.98134442691751,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:59","end":"11:59","startHours":10.98134442691751,"endHours":11.98134442691751,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:59","end":"12:59","startHours":11.98134442691751,"endHours":12.98134442691751,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:59","end":"13:59","startHours":12.98134442691751,"endHours":13.98134442691751,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:59","end":"14:59","startHours":13.98134442691751,"endHours":14.98134442691751,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:59","end":"15:59","startHours":14.98134442691751,"endHours":15.98134442691751,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:59","end":"16:59","startHours":15.98134442691751,"endHours":16.98134442691751,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:59","end":"17:59","startHours":16.98134442691751,"endHours":17.98134442691751,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:59","end":"18:59","startHours":17.98134442691751,"endHours":18.98134442691751,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:59","end":"19:59","startHours":18.98134442691751,"endHours":19.98134442691751,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:59","end":"20:59","startHours":19.98134442691751,"endHours":20.98134442691751,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:59","end":"21:59","startHours":20.98134442691751,"endHours":21.98134442691751,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:59","end":"22:59","startHours":21.98134442691751,"endHours":22.98134442691751,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:59","end":"23:59","startHours":22.98134442691751,"endHours":23.98134442691751,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:59","end":"00:59","startHours":23.98134442691751,"endHours":24.98134442691751,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:59","end":"01:59","startHours":24.98134442691751,"endHours":25.98134442691751,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:59","end":"02:59","startHours":25.98134442691751,"endHours":26.98134442691751,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:59","end":"03:59","startHours":26.98134442691751,"endHours":27.98134442691751,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:59","end":"04:59","startHours":27.98134442691751,"endHours":28.98134442691751,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:59","end":"05:59","startHours":28.98134442691751,"endHours":29.98134442691751,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:59","end":"06:59","startHours":29.98134442691751,"endHours":30.98134442691751,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Utpāta","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-7.931866534925416,"eotMinutes":-13.223058826027486,"ayanamsa":24.2045}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2082,"vikram_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","saka_samvat":1947,"saka_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","bengali_samvat":1432,"malayalam_era":1201,"nanakshahi_year":556,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā · Vikram 2082 Kālayukta · Śaka 1947 Viśvāvasu"},"festivals":[{"id":"kumbha-sankranti","name":"Kumbha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"कुम्भ सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aquarius; Kumbha-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kumbha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-20","event":"Karṇa-Vadha (Mahābhārata Day 17)","chart_id":"karna","shared_marker":"same Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","url":"/day/-3137-10-20","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"thane"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga February 28, 2025 CE · Thane, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"February 28, 2025 CE for Thane, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā, sūryodaya 06:59, sūryāsta 18:44.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2025-02-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2025-02-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2025-02-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2025-02-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2025-02-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T16:29:13.990Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T16:29:13.990Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T16:29:13.990Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}