{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:thane:2025-01-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2025-01-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2025-01-16","date_display":"January 16, 2025 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2025,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460691.770833,"kali_year":5126,"ahargana":1872226.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":271.7874,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":119.1138,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":18,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":207.3264,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.3264},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":119.1138,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.4472},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":30.9012},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":34,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2025,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460691.770833,"ahargana":1872226.2708,"kali_year":5126,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2028,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":271.95003599999995,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":117.419536,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.97},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":91.66583600000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":256.59813600000007,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":47.668935999999974,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":318.640136,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":321.699936,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":340.4424,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":160.4424,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2025,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460691.770833,"kali_year":5126,"ahargana":1872226.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":271.7874,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":119.1138,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":18,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":207.3264,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.3264},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":119.1138,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.4472},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":30.9012},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":34,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.97,"elongation":152.674},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.97,"opposition_distance":27.326}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:15","sunsetLocal":"18:21","solarNoonLocal":"12:48","dayLengthHours":11.10605004717467,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 06 Mins 22 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 53 Mins 38 Secs","moonriseLocal":"20:07","moonsetLocal":"08:53","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:11","end":"15:34","startHours":14.184597948259796,"endHours":15.57285420415663,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:15","end":"08:38","startHours":7.243316668775628,"endHours":8.631572924672462,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:01","end":"11:24","startHours":10.019829180569296,"endHours":11.408085436466129,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:50","end":"10:12","startHours":9.834728346449717,"endHours":10.204930014688873,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:42","end":"08:00","startHours":7.706068754074573,"endHours":8.002230088665897,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:26","end":"13:10","startHours":12.426140024123805,"endHours":13.166543360602118,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:46","end":"06:30","startHours":5.762509995819006,"endHours":6.502913332297316,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:19","end":"07:15","startHours":6.317812498177739,"endHours":7.243316668775628,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:39","end":"15:23","startHours":14.647350033558741,"endHours":15.387753370037052,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:09","end":"18:33","startHours":18.149366715950297,"endHours":18.549366715950296,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:21","end":"18:49","startHours":18.349366715950296,"endHours":18.81211880124924,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:06","end":"19:51","startHours":18.099366715950296,"endHours":19.849366715950296,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:26","end":"01:10","startHours":24.426140024123807,"endHours":25.166543360602116,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:15","end":"08:38","startHours":7.243316668775628,"endHours":8.631572924672462,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:38","end":"10:01","startHours":8.631572924672462,"endHours":10.019829180569296,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:01","end":"11:24","startHours":10.019829180569296,"endHours":11.408085436466129,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:24","end":"12:48","startHours":11.408085436466129,"endHours":12.796341692362962,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:48","end":"14:11","startHours":12.796341692362962,"endHours":14.184597948259796,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:11","end":"15:34","startHours":14.184597948259796,"endHours":15.57285420415663,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:34","end":"16:58","startHours":15.57285420415663,"endHours":16.96111046005346,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:58","end":"18:21","startHours":16.96111046005346,"endHours":18.349366715950296,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:21","end":"19:58","startHours":18.349366715950296,"endHours":19.96111046005346,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:58","end":"21:34","startHours":19.96111046005346,"endHours":21.572854204156627,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:34","end":"23:11","startHours":21.572854204156627,"endHours":23.184597948259796,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:11","end":"00:48","startHours":23.184597948259796,"endHours":24.79634169236296,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:48","end":"02:24","startHours":24.79634169236296,"endHours":26.408085436466127,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:24","end":"04:01","startHours":26.408085436466127,"endHours":28.019829180569296,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:01","end":"05:38","startHours":28.019829180569296,"endHours":29.63157292467246,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:38","end":"07:15","startHours":29.63157292467246,"endHours":31.243316668775627,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:15","end":"08:15","startHours":7.243316668775628,"endHours":8.243316668775627,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:15","end":"09:15","startHours":8.243316668775627,"endHours":9.243316668775627,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:15","end":"10:15","startHours":9.243316668775627,"endHours":10.243316668775627,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:15","end":"11:15","startHours":10.243316668775627,"endHours":11.243316668775627,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:15","end":"12:15","startHours":11.243316668775627,"endHours":12.243316668775627,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:15","end":"13:15","startHours":12.243316668775627,"endHours":13.243316668775627,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:15","end":"14:15","startHours":13.243316668775627,"endHours":14.243316668775627,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:15","end":"15:15","startHours":14.243316668775627,"endHours":15.243316668775627,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:15","end":"16:15","startHours":15.243316668775627,"endHours":16.243316668775627,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:15","end":"17:15","startHours":16.243316668775627,"endHours":17.243316668775627,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:15","end":"18:15","startHours":17.243316668775627,"endHours":18.243316668775627,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:15","end":"19:15","startHours":18.243316668775627,"endHours":19.243316668775627,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:15","end":"20:15","startHours":19.243316668775627,"endHours":20.243316668775627,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:15","end":"21:15","startHours":20.243316668775627,"endHours":21.243316668775627,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:15","end":"22:15","startHours":21.243316668775627,"endHours":22.243316668775627,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:15","end":"23:15","startHours":22.243316668775627,"endHours":23.243316668775627,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:15","end":"00:15","startHours":23.243316668775627,"endHours":24.243316668775627,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:15","end":"01:15","startHours":24.243316668775627,"endHours":25.243316668775627,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:15","end":"02:15","startHours":25.243316668775627,"endHours":26.243316668775627,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:15","end":"03:15","startHours":26.243316668775627,"endHours":27.243316668775627,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:15","end":"04:15","startHours":27.243316668775627,"endHours":28.243316668775627,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:15","end":"05:15","startHours":28.243316668775627,"endHours":29.243316668775627,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:15","end":"06:15","startHours":29.243316668775627,"endHours":30.243316668775627,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:15","end":"07:15","startHours":30.243316668775627,"endHours":31.243316668775627,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Rākṣasa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-20.91687979126571,"eotMinutes":-9.692901541777706,"ayanamsa":24.2028}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2082,"vikram_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","saka_samvat":1947,"saka_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","bengali_samvat":1432,"malayalam_era":1201,"nanakshahi_year":556,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā · Vikram 2082 Kālayukta · Śaka 1947 Viśvāvasu"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"thane"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 16, 2025 CE · Thane, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 16, 2025 CE for Thane, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā, sūryodaya 07:15, sūryāsta 18:21.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2025-01-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2025-01-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2025-01-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2025-01-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2025-01-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T23:42:37.296Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T23:42:37.296Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T23:42:37.296Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}