{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:thane:2023-04-21:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2023-04-21","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2023-04-21","date_display":"April 21, 2023 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":4,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460055.770833,"kali_year":5125,"ahargana":1871590.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":6.5723,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":19.2061,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":12.6338,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.6338},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":19.2061,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.8728},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":25.7784},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":2,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2023,"month":4,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460055.770833,"ahargana":1871590.2708,"kali_year":5125,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1785,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":6.517536000000007,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":17.46023600000001,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.3969},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":79.10463600000003,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":21.33693599999998,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":359.800836,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":46.91353600000002,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":310.5235359999999,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":14.1407,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":194.1407,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":4,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460055.770833,"kali_year":5125,"ahargana":1871590.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":6.5723,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":19.2061,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":12.6338,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.6338},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":19.2061,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.8728},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":25.7784},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":2,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.397,"elongation":12.634},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.397,"opposition_distance":167.366}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-1,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.673,"elongation":0.011},{"offset_days":15,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.836,"opposition_distance":2.976}]},"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:17","sunsetLocal":"18:57","solarNoonLocal":"12:37","dayLengthHours":12.673190436220146,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 40 Mins 23 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 19 Mins 37 Secs","moonriseLocal":"06:56","moonsetLocal":"19:45","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:02","end":"12:37","startHours":11.030855714786446,"endHours":12.615004519313963,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:47","end":"17:22","startHours":15.783302128369002,"endHours":17.367450932896517,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:52","end":"09:27","startHours":7.862558105731409,"endHours":9.446706910258929,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:14","end":"09:39","startHours":9.235487069655258,"endHours":9.657926750862597,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:48","end":"07:09","startHours":6.8064589027130635,"endHours":7.144410647678934,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:12","end":"13:02","startHours":12.192564838106625,"endHours":13.037444200521302,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:35","end":"05:26","startHours":4.588650576374539,"endHours":5.433529938789214,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:13","end":"06:17","startHours":5.222310098185545,"endHours":6.278409301203891,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:44","end":"15:34","startHours":14.727202925350657,"endHours":15.572082287765333,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:45","end":"19:09","startHours":18.751599737424037,"endHours":19.151599737424036,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:57","end":"19:29","startHours":18.951599737424036,"endHours":19.47964933893321,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:42","end":"20:27","startHours":18.701599737424036,"endHours":20.451599737424036,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:12","end":"01:02","startHours":24.192564838106627,"endHours":25.0374442005213,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"06:17","end":"07:52","startHours":6.278409301203891,"endHours":7.862558105731409,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:52","end":"09:27","startHours":7.862558105731409,"endHours":9.446706910258929,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:27","end":"11:02","startHours":9.446706910258929,"endHours":11.030855714786446,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"11:02","end":"12:37","startHours":11.030855714786446,"endHours":12.615004519313963,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:37","end":"14:12","startHours":12.615004519313963,"endHours":14.199153323841482,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:12","end":"15:47","startHours":14.199153323841482,"endHours":15.783302128369002,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:47","end":"17:22","startHours":15.783302128369002,"endHours":17.367450932896517,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"17:22","end":"18:57","startHours":17.367450932896517,"endHours":18.951599737424036,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:57","end":"20:22","startHours":18.951599737424036,"endHours":20.367450932896517,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:22","end":"21:47","startHours":20.367450932896517,"endHours":21.783302128369,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:47","end":"23:12","startHours":21.783302128369,"endHours":23.199153323841482,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:12","end":"00:37","startHours":23.199153323841482,"endHours":24.615004519313963,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:37","end":"02:02","startHours":24.615004519313963,"endHours":26.030855714786444,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:02","end":"03:27","startHours":26.030855714786444,"endHours":27.446706910258925,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:27","end":"04:52","startHours":27.446706910258925,"endHours":28.86255810573141,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:52","end":"06:17","startHours":28.86255810573141,"endHours":30.27840930120389,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:17","end":"07:17","startHours":6.278409301203891,"endHours":7.278409301203891,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:17","end":"08:17","startHours":7.278409301203891,"endHours":8.27840930120389,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:17","end":"09:17","startHours":8.27840930120389,"endHours":9.27840930120389,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:17","end":"10:17","startHours":9.27840930120389,"endHours":10.27840930120389,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:17","end":"11:17","startHours":10.27840930120389,"endHours":11.27840930120389,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:17","end":"12:17","startHours":11.27840930120389,"endHours":12.27840930120389,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:17","end":"13:17","startHours":12.27840930120389,"endHours":13.27840930120389,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:17","end":"14:17","startHours":13.27840930120389,"endHours":14.27840930120389,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:17","end":"15:17","startHours":14.27840930120389,"endHours":15.27840930120389,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:17","end":"16:17","startHours":15.27840930120389,"endHours":16.27840930120389,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:17","end":"17:17","startHours":16.27840930120389,"endHours":17.27840930120389,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:17","end":"18:17","startHours":17.27840930120389,"endHours":18.27840930120389,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:17","end":"19:17","startHours":18.27840930120389,"endHours":19.27840930120389,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:17","end":"20:17","startHours":19.27840930120389,"endHours":20.27840930120389,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:17","end":"21:17","startHours":20.27840930120389,"endHours":21.27840930120389,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:17","end":"22:17","startHours":21.27840930120389,"endHours":22.27840930120389,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:17","end":"23:17","startHours":22.27840930120389,"endHours":23.27840930120389,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:17","end":"00:17","startHours":23.27840930120389,"endHours":24.27840930120389,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:17","end":"01:17","startHours":24.27840930120389,"endHours":25.27840930120389,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:17","end":"02:17","startHours":25.27840930120389,"endHours":26.27840930120389,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:17","end":"03:17","startHours":26.27840930120389,"endHours":27.27840930120389,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:17","end":"04:17","startHours":27.27840930120389,"endHours":28.27840930120389,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:17","end":"05:17","startHours":28.27840930120389,"endHours":29.27840930120389,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:17","end":"06:17","startHours":29.27840930120389,"endHours":30.27840930120389,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mausala","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":11.714542523538398,"eotMinutes":1.1873288411622274,"ayanamsa":24.1785}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2080,"vikram_samvatsara":"Nala","saka_samvat":1945,"saka_samvatsara":"Śobhana","bengali_samvat":1430,"malayalam_era":1199,"nanakshahi_year":554,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_amanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Śukla Dvitīyā · Vikram 2080 Nala · Śaka 1945 Śobhana"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"thane"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 21, 2023 CE · Thane, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 21, 2023 CE for Thane, Maharashtra: Śukla Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 06:17, sūryāsta 18:57.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2023-04-21","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2023-04-21","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2023-04-21","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2023-04-21","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2023-04-21"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-06T10:49:16.263Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-06T10:49:16.263Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-06T10:49:16.263Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}