{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:thane:2019-09-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2019-09-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2019-09-28","date_display":"September 28, 2019 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2019,"month":9,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458754.770833,"kali_year":5121,"ahargana":1870289.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":159.7193,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":150.3302,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":350.6109,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.6109},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":150.3302,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.6635},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":310.0495},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":58,"name":"Catuṣpāda"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2019,"month":9,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458754.770833,"ahargana":1870289.2708,"kali_year":5121,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1287,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":160.51104400000008,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":150.06964399999998,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.1495},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":151.63644399999998,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":177.74584400000003,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":233.67114400000003,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":172.36164400000007,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":259.79644400000006,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":83.074,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":263.074,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2019,"month":9,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458754.770833,"kali_year":5121,"ahargana":1870289.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":159.7193,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":150.3302,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":350.6109,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.6109},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":150.3302,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.6635},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":310.0495},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":58,"name":"Catuṣpāda"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.149,"elongation":9.389},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.149,"opposition_distance":170.611}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:27","sunsetLocal":"18:29","solarNoonLocal":"12:28","dayLengthHours":12.031955883297982,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 01 Mins 55 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 58 Mins 05 Secs","moonriseLocal":"05:40","moonsetLocal":"17:52","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:27","end":"10:58","startHours":9.45712453737855,"endHours":10.961119022790797,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:58","end":"15:28","startHours":13.969107993615292,"endHours":15.473102479027542,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:27","end":"07:57","startHours":6.449135566554054,"endHours":7.953130051966302,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:15","end":"09:39","startHours":9.256591939323584,"endHours":9.657657135433517,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:57","end":"07:16","startHours":6.95046706169147,"endHours":7.271319218579417,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:04","end":"12:52","startHours":12.064048312093114,"endHours":12.86617870431298,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:51","end":"05:39","startHours":4.844874782114323,"endHours":5.647005174334189,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:27","end":"06:27","startHours":5.4464725762792225,"endHours":6.449135566554054,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:28","end":"15:16","startHours":14.47043948875271,"endHours":15.272569880972576,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:17","end":"18:41","startHours":18.28109144985204,"endHours":18.681091449852037,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:29","end":"18:59","startHours":18.481091449852038,"endHours":18.98242294498945,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:14","end":"19:59","startHours":18.231091449852038,"endHours":19.981091449852038,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:04","end":"00:52","startHours":24.064048312093114,"endHours":24.86617870431298,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:27","end":"07:57","startHours":6.449135566554054,"endHours":7.953130051966302,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:57","end":"09:27","startHours":7.953130051966302,"endHours":9.45712453737855,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:27","end":"10:58","startHours":9.45712453737855,"endHours":10.961119022790797,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:58","end":"12:28","startHours":10.961119022790797,"endHours":12.465113508203046,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:28","end":"13:58","startHours":12.465113508203046,"endHours":13.969107993615292,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:58","end":"15:28","startHours":13.969107993615292,"endHours":15.473102479027542,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:28","end":"16:59","startHours":15.473102479027542,"endHours":16.977096964439788,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:59","end":"18:29","startHours":16.977096964439788,"endHours":18.481091449852038,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:29","end":"19:59","startHours":18.481091449852038,"endHours":19.977096964439788,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:59","end":"21:28","startHours":19.977096964439788,"endHours":21.473102479027542,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:28","end":"22:58","startHours":21.473102479027542,"endHours":22.969107993615296,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:58","end":"00:28","startHours":22.969107993615296,"endHours":24.465113508203046,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:28","end":"01:58","startHours":24.465113508203046,"endHours":25.961119022790797,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:58","end":"03:27","startHours":25.961119022790797,"endHours":27.45712453737855,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:27","end":"04:57","startHours":27.45712453737855,"endHours":28.953130051966305,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:57","end":"06:27","startHours":28.953130051966305,"endHours":30.449135566554055,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:27","end":"07:27","startHours":6.449135566554054,"endHours":7.449135566554054,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:27","end":"08:27","startHours":7.449135566554054,"endHours":8.449135566554055,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:27","end":"09:27","startHours":8.449135566554055,"endHours":9.449135566554055,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:27","end":"10:27","startHours":9.449135566554055,"endHours":10.449135566554055,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:27","end":"11:27","startHours":10.449135566554055,"endHours":11.449135566554055,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:27","end":"12:27","startHours":11.449135566554055,"endHours":12.449135566554055,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:27","end":"13:27","startHours":12.449135566554055,"endHours":13.449135566554055,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:27","end":"14:27","startHours":13.449135566554055,"endHours":14.449135566554055,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:27","end":"15:27","startHours":14.449135566554055,"endHours":15.449135566554055,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:27","end":"16:27","startHours":15.449135566554055,"endHours":16.449135566554055,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:27","end":"17:27","startHours":16.449135566554055,"endHours":17.449135566554055,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:27","end":"18:27","startHours":17.449135566554055,"endHours":18.449135566554055,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:27","end":"19:27","startHours":18.449135566554055,"endHours":19.449135566554055,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:27","end":"20:27","startHours":19.449135566554055,"endHours":20.449135566554055,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:27","end":"21:27","startHours":20.449135566554055,"endHours":21.449135566554055,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:27","end":"22:27","startHours":21.449135566554055,"endHours":22.449135566554055,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:27","end":"23:27","startHours":22.449135566554055,"endHours":23.449135566554055,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:27","end":"00:27","startHours":23.449135566554055,"endHours":24.449135566554055,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:27","end":"01:27","startHours":24.449135566554055,"endHours":25.449135566554055,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:27","end":"02:27","startHours":25.449135566554055,"endHours":26.449135566554055,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:27","end":"03:27","startHours":26.449135566554055,"endHours":27.449135566554055,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:27","end":"04:27","startHours":27.449135566554055,"endHours":28.449135566554055,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:27","end":"05:27","startHours":28.449135566554055,"endHours":29.449135566554055,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:27","end":"06:27","startHours":29.449135566554055,"endHours":30.449135566554055,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Śrīvatsa","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-1.843678751183302,"eotMinutes":10.180789507817288,"ayanamsa":24.1287}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2076,"vikram_samvatsara":"Paridhāvi","saka_samvat":1941,"saka_samvatsara":"Vikāri","bengali_samvat":1426,"malayalam_era":1195,"nanakshahi_year":550,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā · Vikram 2076 Paridhāvi · Śaka 1941 Vikāri"},"festivals":[{"id":"kanya-sankranti","name":"Kanyā Saṅkrānti (Mahālaya begins)","name_sanskrit":"कन्या सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Virgo; Mahālaya / Pitṛ-Pakṣa solar marker.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kanyā"},"precedence":4}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-20","event":"Karṇa-Vadha (Mahābhārata Day 17)","chart_id":"karna","shared_marker":"same Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","url":"/day/-3137-10-20","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"thane"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 28, 2019 CE · Thane, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 28, 2019 CE for Thane, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā, sūryodaya 06:27, sūryāsta 18:29.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2019-09-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2019-09-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2019-09-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2019-09-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2019-09-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T04:03:39.022Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T04:03:39.022Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T04:03:39.022Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}