{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:thane:2019-01-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2019-01-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2019-01-01","date_display":"January 1, 2019 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2019,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458484.770833,"kali_year":5120,"ahargana":1870019.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":255.9125,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":196.6026,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":300.6901,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.6901},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":196.6026,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.9359},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":92.5151},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":50,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2019,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458484.770833,"ahargana":1870019.2708,"kali_year":5120,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1184,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":256.19435999999996,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":198.79426,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4417},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":335.56516,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":239.47756000000004,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":227.62026000000003,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":209.08766000000003,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":257.16296,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":97.3799,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":277.3799,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2019,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458484.770833,"kali_year":5120,"ahargana":1870019.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":255.9125,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":196.6026,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":300.6901,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.6901},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":196.6026,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.9359},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":92.5151},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":50,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.442,"elongation":59.31},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.442,"opposition_distance":120.69}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":5,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":1.158,"elongation":1.13}]},"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"thane","name":"Thane, Maharashtra","lat":19.2183,"lon":72.9781,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:12","sunsetLocal":"18:12","solarNoonLocal":"12:42","dayLengthHours":10.992517442419931,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 59 Mins 33 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 00 Mins 27 Secs","moonriseLocal":"03:12","moonsetLocal":"14:32","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:27","end":"16:49","startHours":15.444675665994918,"endHours":16.818740346297407,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:57","end":"11:19","startHours":9.948416944784952,"endHours":11.322481625087443,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:42","end":"14:04","startHours":12.696546305389933,"endHours":14.070610985692426,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:46","end":"10:08","startHours":9.76520832074462,"endHours":10.131625568825283,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:39","end":"07:57","startHours":7.658309144280799,"endHours":7.951442942745331,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:20","end":"13:04","startHours":12.33012905730927,"endHours":13.062963553470597,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:44","end":"06:28","startHours":5.734618591857311,"endHours":6.46745308801864,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:17","end":"07:12","startHours":6.2842444639783075,"endHours":7.200287584179969,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:32","end":"15:16","startHours":14.528632545793258,"endHours":15.261467041954587,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:00","end":"18:24","startHours":17.9928050265999,"endHours":18.3928050265999,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:12","end":"18:39","startHours":18.1928050265999,"endHours":18.65082658670073,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:57","end":"19:42","startHours":17.9428050265999,"endHours":19.6928050265999,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:20","end":"01:04","startHours":24.330129057309268,"endHours":25.0629635534706,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"07:12","end":"08:34","startHours":7.200287584179969,"endHours":8.57435226448246,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:34","end":"09:57","startHours":8.57435226448246,"endHours":9.948416944784952,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:57","end":"11:19","startHours":9.948416944784952,"endHours":11.322481625087443,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:19","end":"12:42","startHours":11.322481625087443,"endHours":12.696546305389933,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:42","end":"14:04","startHours":12.696546305389933,"endHours":14.070610985692426,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:04","end":"15:27","startHours":14.070610985692426,"endHours":15.444675665994918,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:27","end":"16:49","startHours":15.444675665994918,"endHours":16.818740346297407,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:49","end":"18:12","startHours":16.818740346297407,"endHours":18.1928050265999,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:12","end":"19:49","startHours":18.1928050265999,"endHours":19.818740346297407,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:49","end":"21:27","startHours":19.818740346297407,"endHours":21.444675665994914,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:27","end":"23:04","startHours":21.444675665994914,"endHours":23.070610985692426,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:04","end":"00:42","startHours":23.070610985692426,"endHours":24.696546305389933,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:42","end":"02:19","startHours":24.696546305389933,"endHours":26.32248162508744,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:19","end":"03:57","startHours":26.32248162508744,"endHours":27.948416944784952,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:57","end":"05:34","startHours":27.948416944784952,"endHours":29.57435226448246,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:34","end":"07:12","startHours":29.57435226448246,"endHours":31.200287584179968,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:12","end":"08:12","startHours":7.200287584179969,"endHours":8.200287584179968,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:12","end":"09:12","startHours":8.200287584179968,"endHours":9.200287584179968,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:12","end":"10:12","startHours":9.200287584179968,"endHours":10.200287584179968,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:12","end":"11:12","startHours":10.200287584179968,"endHours":11.200287584179968,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:12","end":"12:12","startHours":11.200287584179968,"endHours":12.200287584179968,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:12","end":"13:12","startHours":12.200287584179968,"endHours":13.200287584179968,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:12","end":"14:12","startHours":13.200287584179968,"endHours":14.200287584179968,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:12","end":"15:12","startHours":14.200287584179968,"endHours":15.200287584179968,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:12","end":"16:12","startHours":15.200287584179968,"endHours":16.200287584179968,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:12","end":"17:12","startHours":16.200287584179968,"endHours":17.200287584179968,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:12","end":"18:12","startHours":17.200287584179968,"endHours":18.200287584179968,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:12","end":"19:12","startHours":18.200287584179968,"endHours":19.200287584179968,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:12","end":"20:12","startHours":19.200287584179968,"endHours":20.200287584179968,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:12","end":"21:12","startHours":20.200287584179968,"endHours":21.200287584179968,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:12","end":"22:12","startHours":21.200287584179968,"endHours":22.200287584179968,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:12","end":"23:12","startHours":22.200287584179968,"endHours":23.200287584179968,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:12","end":"00:12","startHours":23.200287584179968,"endHours":24.200287584179968,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:12","end":"01:12","startHours":24.200287584179968,"endHours":25.200287584179968,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:12","end":"02:12","startHours":25.200287584179968,"endHours":26.200287584179968,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:12","end":"03:12","startHours":26.200287584179968,"endHours":27.200287584179968,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:12","end":"04:12","startHours":27.200287584179968,"endHours":28.200287584179968,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:12","end":"05:12","startHours":28.200287584179968,"endHours":29.200287584179968,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:12","end":"06:12","startHours":29.200287584179968,"endHours":30.200287584179968,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:12","end":"07:12","startHours":30.200287584179968,"endHours":31.200287584179968,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Gada","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-23.035859830695422,"eotMinutes":-3.705178323396069,"ayanamsa":24.1184}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2076,"vikram_samvatsara":"Paridhāvi","saka_samvat":1941,"saka_samvatsara":"Vikāri","bengali_samvat":1426,"malayalam_era":1195,"nanakshahi_year":550,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī · Vikram 2076 Paridhāvi · Śaka 1941 Vikāri"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"thane"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 1, 2019 CE · Thane, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 1, 2019 CE for Thane, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 07:12, sūryāsta 18:12.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2019-01-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2019-01-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2019-01-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2019-01-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/thane/2019-01-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T04:07:19.653Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T04:07:19.653Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T04:07:19.653Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}